High-density fish farming from scratch

High-density fish farming from scratch

High-density fish farming from scratch, now many people are going to choose to raise fish, fish first of all, we must choose a good pond, generally to keep the water of the pond is appropriate. Pond clearing: before preparing to raise fish, but also to clear and disinfect the pond, the following is high-density fish farming from scratch.

High-density fish farming methods

1, high-density net fish farming adapted to a wider range of waters, it can be set up in lakes, reservoirs and rivers, as long as the water depth is greater than the height of the net box can be cultured, you can build a "pond in the water!

2, high-density net box fish farming, is a large and medium-sized body of water superior environmental conditions, as well as small water bodies, dense put the method of intensive fish farming combined with a new technology, eutrophic waters usually every 100 acres of water surface can be set up 1 acres of net box, medium nutrient waters every 200 acres can be set up 1 acres of net box.

3, such as net box carp, each cubic meter can be stocked with body length of 13-20cm carp species 60-80 tails, rearing period of 200 days, usually each tail out of the net weight can reach 0.65-0.75 kilograms, the acreage up to 15,000-25,000 kilograms, high acreage of more than 50,000 kilograms, high-density net box fish is also one of the future of the natural waters of one of the important ways of aquaculture.

4, and other fish farming methods, according to the feeding situation can be summarized as roughage, semi-intensive or intensive farming, roughage all rely on natural bait that can be obtained, such as organic debris, plankton, drift, etc., during the period of no need to put any supplemental feed, this way is suitable for silver and bighead carps and other filter-feeding fish.

5. Semi-finishing is mainly to add the right amount of grass or agricultural by-products and other low-protein (20%) feed for food.

6, semi-refined and refined fish are all predatory fish, such as grass carp, carp and catfish, etc., and their yield is higher than the roughage, generally in the case of roughage, its yield is between 2.5-7.5 kg / square meter, which translates into a yield of about 1,665-4,995 kg per acre.

7, and semi-finish production is relatively high, the average yield of about 10 kg / square meter, equivalent to about 6700 kilograms per acre of production up and down, the production of commercial fish in finishing, can be higher than the general pond production of dozens of times or even a hundred times more than the cumulative yield per acre of up to 3-15 million kilograms.

High-density fish farming from scratch2

(a) fish farming environmental conditions selection technology

(1) fish ponds are divided into several types: greenhouse cement ponds, rural reservoirs, mountain ponds, deep-water lakes, river nets, and so on, are essential for high-density fish farming environment.

(2) How to build a fish pond? The fish pond covers an area of 10-200 acres, and the water depth needs to be 1.5-2.5 meters. The fish pond covers an area of 5-20 acres. A rectangular fish pond is suitable. The bottom of the pool is flat, the bottom is slightly inclined towards the outlet, and the edges of the ridge should be sealed with cement to prevent the fish pond pool from being damaged by the fish.

(3) Water inlet and drainage facilities are complete, and the drainage and irrigation capacity is preferably about 30% of the daily change in water volume.

(4) Adequate water source (preferably long flowing water in the countryside), fresh water quality, no pollution, equipped with aerators, bait feeders and other necessary mechanical equipment.

(2) high-density fish water quality management techniques

(1) to maintain the water quality of the "fat, live, tender, cool": fat means floating in the pond of various plants and animals; or the color of the water in the morning and evening will change, and flagellate algae are dominant. dominate. Tender means that the water quality fertilizer, but fat but not old, that is, the growth period of high-quality algae are growing; cool means talking about the water, plankton and floating suspended organic matter other than suspended and not much, the clarity of the water in the 25-40cm, it is best to have a spring water, so that the water quality is the conditions of high-density farming.

(2) regular addition and replacement of water quality is to keep the pool water clear of the most extensive, the most economical and most applicable technical methods. Usually the water quality control, every 7-10 days to add fresh water, each time about 20 cm; monthly water replacement, each time 30%, and the clarity of the water in the pool to maintain about 30 ° for the healthy growth of fish to provide a good ecological environment, if it is a stagnant fishponds, there is no living water, it is more difficult to high-density fish farming.

Feeding mode

(C) Feeding mode selection technology

The selection of feeding mode is also a more important technology for high-density fish farming, should highlight the main fish, appropriate with other fish, the same kind of fish should be the same, the fish can be roughly divided into the upper layer, the lower and middle layer and the lower layer of the three types, according to these three types of According to these three types of collocation, you can make full use of the aquaculture water space, effectively remove the residual fish bait in the fish pond, and regulate water quality.

Usually, the water body is fat fish pond, silver carp, fish farming standards should account for 60%, the rest of the fish species accounted for 40% (such as grass carp, bream, carp, crucian carp, etc.); water body is thin fish pond, grass, bream and other fish farming standards should account for 60%, the rest of the fish species accounted for 40% (such as silver carp, bighead carp, crucian carp, etc.).

(1) carp-based high-density mix-farming type

A class of stocking size specifications for 55 to 100 grams, carp fry amount of 55% to 65% of the total (about 100Kg). In addition, mixing grass carp, silver carp, bighead carp and so on. The net production of carp can be 7,500-8,250 Kg per hectare, with carp accounting for 55%-65% of the total. Another category is the amount of carp fry accounted for 85% to 90% of the total (190Kg up and down).

(2) Hypophthalmichthys nobilis and tilapia-based mixed culture type

Hypophthalmichthys nobilis and bighead carp stocking net weight accounted for about 65% of the total amount of fry (about 145Kg), the ratio of hypophthalmichthys nobilis and bighead carps is about 3-5:1, in addition to the mixed culture of grass carp, carps, tilapia, tilapia and channel catfish, etc. The bighead carp stocking net weight accounted for about 65% of the total amount of fry (about 145Kg). The size of bighead and silver carp is more than 300 grams

(3) High-density mixed culture type with grass carp, tilapia and pangasius

The size of grass carp fry is 15 grams and 300 grams, and the net weight accounts for 35-40% of the total amount of the fish (about 280Kg). Bighead carp is stocked with size specification of 300-300 grams, pangasius is stocked with size specification of 15-25 grams and 55 grams, and the net weight of stocking is 27% and 19% up and down of the total stocking of fry, respectively. Grass carp are stocked in 2 batches per year and tilapia in 4 to 6 batches.

(4) grass carp and bighead carp mainly mixed type

Grass carp stocking size specifications divided into 10 grams, 55 grams and 120 to 300 grams, bighead carp `size specifications for the summer flower, 55 grams, 200 to 300 grams; net weight of the total amount of (120Kg above and below) 45% and 30% above and below, and in addition to mixed loach, bighead carp, tilapia, etc.

(D) high-density fish farming using round catch-and-release technology

round catch-and-release, that is, a full release, batch fishing, catching the big and leaving the small `stocking method, is to obtain high-yield and high-density one of the important measures.

(1) alleviate the problem of mixing density, baiting and fertilization and pond oxygen is not compatible

(2) solved the shortcomings of the early rearing of fry stocking inadequacies, can not be fully utilized in the water body

(3) to ensure a long period of time to a reasonable density of stocking, the appropriate use of bait, make full use of the pond's one-year production efficiency.

(E) fish disease prevention technology is also one of the main techniques of high-density fish farming

(1) gill rot

gill rot is the most common disease, are popular in July-September, the disease period is longer, which is caused by mucococcal bacteria disease. The gills of the fish become rotten with sludge, and the epidermis inside the gills is congested with blood, and there is a small hole in the center that becomes rotten.

Methods of prevention and treatment: there are pathogens caused by the disease, so pay attention to sterilization sterilization, available bleaching powder control, bleaching powder to a small bamboo basket, bamboo basket mouth higher than the water surface can be remembered to replace the daily, in the feeding time can be preferred to the fish rehabilitation A type of mixed feed feeding time.

(2) Red skin disease

Red skin disease is most harmful to fry and adult fish, the disease is caused by the fluorescent trichoderma bacteria, when the disease fish scales fall off, showing symptoms of inflammation of a large area of the fish belly is very obvious, and the end of the fish fins will become rotten.

Methods of prevention and treatment: use bleaching powder sprinkled into the sterilization sterilization, and then feed the sick fish time sulfathiazole, pay attention to the amount of medication, every 10kg of fish in about 1 gram of medicine, feeding time a day or two after the amount of medication will be reduced by half, about seven days can be cured.

(3) enteritis disease

Enteritis disease is caused by Aeromonas aeruginosa and infectious diseases, very harmful, often see slower to infect the entire fish population, the disease of the fish's abdomen is enlarged, the surface of the body appears black, especially the head, the sick fish intestinal wall is congested with blood, but also accompanied by a yellowish secretion, the grasshopper is not in the spirit of the spirit or do not eat bait, if not treated in time, will quickly lead to death. If not treated in time, it will quickly lead to death.

Methods of prevention and treatment: Sprinkle with bleaching powder per cubic meter per gram, in the feeding time of the fish Fukang A mixed bait feeding time, twice a day, in the next day feeding time sulfaguanidine, the same per 10kg fish feeding time 1 gram.

(4) hemorrhagic disease

Hemorrhagic disease caused by the Eutherian Orphan Virus, when the disease of the fish are congested all over the body, the muscles, fins, mouth, gills, intestines, etc. are congested, will be open the skin or gills, you will see that the flesh of the fish is congested, gill filaments are whitish.

Methods of prevention and treatment: vaccination in young fish, can be immunized against the disease up to about a year, when the disease is sterilized with lime powder sprinkled into the sterilization, and then feed the fish with the fish with Cleo - fish Fukang general bait, once a day, within seven days can be cured.

(F) high-density fish daily management techniques

(1) pond patrol: daily morning and evening pond patrol, observe the water color, fish activity and eating bait, and deal with problems in a timely manner.

(2) Attendance record. Every day to do a good job of each pond patrol diary, which is the most basic work of scientific fish farming, the same summary of the work, the analysis of the situation, check the original records of the problem.

(3) Keep the fish pond clean and sanitary. Pond edges and weeds in the breeding pond should be removed frequently so as not to affect the environment of the fish pond.

High-density fish farming from scratch 3

1, pond modeling: such as depth, easy drainage, etc.. High-density aquaculture of grass carp pond depth must reach more than 2 meters, so that there can be enough water to dissolve more oxygen, because high-density aquaculture of grass carp water body dissolved oxygen consumption.

Food consumption is even greater. In addition, digging a good pond must be fully sterilized. Because of grass carp but also set of other fish, silt is too thick organic matter decomposition prone to excessive algae, if not disinfection is likely to be easy to spoil the water quality.

2, Pond design: First of all, we should be able to change the water at any time, the body is suitable for the water with the discharge. This is to increase the dissolved oxygen in the water and the water quality of the pond. Also, the pond needs to install a good oxygenator, every 8-10 acres to install an impeller-type oxygenator. Every day in the morning, evening, increase the oxygen, in order to improve the survival rate of fish, if you do not increase, the water quality in the pond all year round is not good, the fish will easily get sick.

3, The number of fish put in: first of all, the grass carp is the main one, each acre put in grass carp according to the amount of 800 or so put in, and then appropriately set up the other fish species, in order to achieve the effect of comprehensive utilization.

4. Feeding: After putting in the fish fry, do a good job of feeding. Grass carp are mainly fed with grass, and other fish are fed with fodder. When feeding granular feeds, pay attention to the eating situation of the grass carp, feeding time for the morning and evening feeding, which is the best time. This allows the fish to have time to digest, but also allows the fish to have time to rest, so that the fish can be faster to promote healthy growth.

5, pond to get good water quality management: due to the breeding density, set of fish, so the consumption of dissolved oxygen in the water is more, pond water must be changed, the best over 3-5 days or so is to be to the pond water change once, how to change, it will be based on the structure of the pond and the position of the water change. Or increase the convection of the upper and lower water layers, one side of the water in and one side of the water out. To ensure the good quality of the water body.