Digital Camera

All are good brands. There are also corresponding models. Don't just look at the brand, but mainly look at the features you need.

How to choose a digital camera

Do you know what kind of people need a digital camera? Of course, it is the people who are looking for new, fast, change, for the first contact with the digital camera, there will always be a whole lot of questions about digital cameras, in the end, how to go to buy the most suitable for their own a digital camera? The following will teach you the method, let you pick more passion.

One, traditional camera vs. digital camera

If you still can't decide whether to buy a traditional camera or a digital camera, then please listen quietly to my analysis below.

Whether it is a traditional camera or a digital camera, the camera is for people, with the advancement of science and technology, so the creation of a very clever foolproof camera, with the takeoff of the post-PC era, a lot of traditional things are gradually digitized, the image of the photography of course, is no exception, for the consumer, there are two choices, in the end, is it to buy a traditional 135-film camera or a digital camera?

1, the introduction of the traditional camera

We first look at the current or mainstream traditional camera, which can be divided into monocular and binocular cameras, monocular is for professionals who know how to use photography, and binocular most of them are just foolproof cameras for the general public, binocular cameras as long as they know how to load the film, put the batteries, and press the shutter to take the pictures, as for the quality of the pictures taken, it depends on the camera's performance, and the camera's performance. As for the quality of the pictures taken, it depends on the quality of the camera. Therefore, the use of traditional dumb cameras is relatively simple, no matter whether it is an old person or a child, he or she can get started very easily! As for the professional monocular camera part, it needs to know some photography skills, and this part can't be explained in one or two words.

Traditional cameras use negatives only, so in terms of cost, consumers have to buy the cost of the negative, to be washed into a photo, and then need to develop the cost of the negative and the cost of the paper, calculate the cost of each roll of negatives to spend about 22 yuan up and down, and if you want to develop the prints, about to use about 20 yuan up and down. ***That's over $40.

2, the introduction of digital cameras

Digital cameras are also divided into monocular and binocular, in the control of the traditional camera is almost the same, but the post-processing is more troublesome, usually need to go through the computer. For the younger generation, there are very few people who don't know how to use a computer, but imagine what it would be like if this digital camera was in the hands of a grandpa or grandma. Fortunately, the advances in digital printing in recent years have made it possible to output photos without needing to know how to process digital images.

Digital cameras use light-sensitive components to sensitize the image and then record it on a storage device, and the storage device can be reused, so users of digital cameras only need to purchase enough digital cameras and storage devices at one time when they take photos, and if they need to develop them into photographs, there are fewer of them in China that offer this service, so the relative cost will be a little bit higher than that of traditional negative output, but the benefits are that you can have a better understanding of what you are doing with your photos and what you are doing with them. The advantage you get is that you can make any changes to the photos and then print them out.

3, digital compared to traditional advantages

Digital cameras compared to traditional cameras have many advantages, although an ordinary digital camera, not to move more than a thousand dollars, plus not cheap memory cards, to buy down is really very painful, and an ordinary fool's camera is only a few hundred dollars, it feels that the traditional camera is much cheaper; but the fact is that the long-term down to the calculation of cost But the fact is, in the long run to calculate the cost of the traditional camera is actually very uneconomical. Purchase of digital cameras can enjoy the thrill of pressing the shutter, shooting is not good, it does not matter, anyway, will not hurt, and can be checked immediately, if the shooting is not good can be washed out to reshoot, but the traditional camera can be? Every time you press the shutter, you spend money, and you have to wait until the photo is developed to know whether the photo is good or not. If the photo is taken abroad, is it possible to fly abroad and take another one? In addition, the digital camera can choose to output the photos you like, but the traditional camera has to develop the negatives before you can decide which one you want to develop.

Additionally, if you want to share photos with your friends, how many photos do you have to develop and then send them one by one through different means, such as mail, if you're traveling with a group of people, and how much does that cost? But digital is different, there is e-mail can be through E-mail, and it is in a very quick time for the other party to receive, if not, you can then wash into photos to send.

4, digital relative to the traditional disadvantages

Digital camera because it is digital, so in the power on the tighter, so compared to traditional cameras, in the continuous use of the ability to part of the poor, a good point of a few hours on the power, the poorer, perhaps only half an hour on the use of all power. The digital camera also has the problem of pixels, the higher the pixels of course, the more detailed the picture quality, and the lens is also involved in the quality of the imaging quality of the good and bad.

Of course, digital cameras are still very beneficial, so how should we buy a digital camera? The core content is here, so keep an eye out for it!

Second, understand the digital camera terminology

The first time to buy a digital camera is always a large number of do not understand the terminology, and buy, in the end, to pay attention to those details? Please note that the camera is used to take pictures, not to show off, the essence of the camera is to take good pictures, not to emphasize what are the functions, and then spend a large amount of money to buy a very good function of the camera, they may be a lifetime will not be able to use or can not be used! That would be a real shame, so we should take practicality and suitability for ourselves as the key to choice.

1, CCD VS. CMOS

The first time to buy a digital camera will always encounter is the problem of the number of cameras, which is the size of the camera's light-sensitive components, the larger of course, the more light-sensitive elements, of course, the more detailed the imaging, light-sensitive components in addition to the size of the impact of the pixel outside, the use of different technologies, but also affect the image in the color, contrast and brightness, the current light-sensitive components have a CCD and CMOS two. CCD and CMOS two kinds, the so-called CCD is Charged Coupled Device abbreviation, the Chinese called "charge coupled components", of course, digital cameras, there is another technology, is CMOS, he is Complementary Metal-Oxide Semiconductor abbreviation, the more detailed the image, of course. Semiconductor abbreviation, known as "complementary Metal-Oxide Semiconductor" in Chinese, CCD and CMOS these two can be said to be different technologies, generally speaking, CMOS color, contrast and brightness effect is not as good as CCD. Of course, there are some exceptions, Canon launched the D30 and D60 is used CMOS, but in the imaging effect is very good!

By and large, the general digital camera used by the CCD, and CCD is divided into primary color CCD and complementary color CCD two kinds.

2, primary color CCD VS. complementary color CCD

Primary color CCD is the three primary colors of color light: red, green, blue (RGB) as the basis for light sensitivity, the advantage is that the color mixing is accurate and high degree of reproduction, the color is more fresh and sharp, for the post-digital image processing in the adjustment of the color is easy. However, on the downside, the color scale is narrower, in which black and white colors are easy to form a stray point.

Complementary CCDs are based on CYMG, and have the advantage of wider color gradation and more detailed color mixing. The disadvantage is that the color is too detailed to make the image performance softer and less vivid, and for the post-processing of digital image processing in the color mixing is not easy, easy to produce color dispersion or bias color problem.

As for the primary color CCD or complementary color CCD is good, this is a matter of opinion, but also depends on the user's needs, both have different advantages, if you just use the screen to see the photo, then the use of primary color CCD digital camera should be a better consideration, because the screen is generally used color RGB mode color performance; if the user often need to output the document into the photo or engaged in the If users often need to output documents into photos or engage in printing output, then using a complementary color CCD is more appropriate. Currently, most primary color CCDs use SONY Suprer HAD CCDs, and FujiFilm's exclusive SuperCCDs. Among them, FujiFilm's SuperCCDs are designed to shoot at a diagonal forty-five-degree angle to line up the light-sensitive components of the CCDs, and therefore the pixels feel like they will be more, but the actual pixels are not, so the actual pixel count is not the same, so it's not a good idea when buying FujiFilm's digital cameras. When purchasing a FujiFilm digital camera, pay attention to the actual CCD pixels and don't be fooled by the CCD numbers.

Additionally, different CCDs produce different colors and image quality, but even if different manufacturers use the same CCD, the image quality will be different because of the difference in image processing technology between the internal firmware of each manufacturer.

3. Digital Camera Features

When purchasing a digital camera, in addition to the number of images that will bother the consumer, the many features are often a headache. Digital cameras allow the image to be projected through the lens to the light-sensitive components, and the length of the light-sensitive time, which is the degree of exposure, affects the image will not be too bright or too dark; the majority of digital cameras will have a fully automatic function, which means that the user only needs to know how to use the camera to get the best results. Most digital cameras are fully automatic, meaning that all the user has to do is press the shutter, and the conditions of exposure are up to the designer of the digital camera.

Some cameras have aperture-priority, shutter-priority, and full manual functions, and digital cameras designed for beginners have a variety of different mood modes, so users can easily take great photos by selecting the appropriate mood mode for the situation. Generally speaking, the exposure conditions are determined by the aperture and shutter values***. The so-called aperture priority is set by the user aperture size, so that the camera automatically decides that the shutter to be set to that value in order to normal exposure, while the shutter priority is just the opposite, as for the full manual is to allow the user to decide the value of the aperture and shutter. In fact, the camera's mood mode is a combination of different apertures and shutters, and the camera's designer gives different values to different situations, which is why there are so many different mood modes.

4, white balance

Another thing that often bothers consumers is white balance, because digital cameras are different from the human eye, the human eye will be automatically balanced for the surrounding color temperature and brightness, so no matter what the surrounding color temperature can be automatically corrected to present the correct white, readers can wear colorful sunglasses to try to look at the beginning of looking at the white things will change color, but after a few minutes, and then look at the white, it will be able to reveal the color of the picture. This is the human eye can automatically white balance, but digital camera is different, the human eye structure is complex not digital camera can do, so in different light, the normal white is not white, so the designers of digital cameras do everything to design a different white balance, all digital cameras have automatic white balance function, better All digital cameras have automatic white balance, and the better ones have manual white balance, where the user can adjust the white balance with a piece of white paper in the prevailing environment.

5. Memory card

Another thing that will bother consumers is the memory card used by digital cameras. Currently, the memory cards used by digital cameras are Compact Flash (CF for short), Smart Media (SM for short), Security Disk /Multi Media Card (SD and MMC for short), which can be used to ********************************************************************************************************. MMC, can be **** enjoy), Memory Stick (referred to as MS), MicroDrive (referred to as micro-hardware or MD), these memory cards, CF is the most inexpensive, the current maximum capacity has been to 1G, but also the most solid, the use of digital cameras more, such as Nikon, Canon, Kodak and so on.

SM is a memory card promoted by FujiFilm, the card is relatively thin, and very fragile, I think SM in the design of the innate bad, compatibility problems, the current maximum only to 128mb, the use of the camera FujiFilm, Olympus, etc., but the higher level of these brands of the type of machine has been changed to other memory card type.

SD/MMC is exactly the same size, SD is the main memory card promoted by PANASONIC storage speed is much faster than MMC, but the price of SD is not cheap, compared to the same specifications of the Compact Flash, the price of the need to spend on the price of twice the price. MS is a memory card promoted by SONY, currently only used in SONY's digital cameras; as for the size of the MD for the same CF, but thicker than CF, able to use the MD digital camera is a relatively high-level products, and can support the MD digital camera are able to use the CF card, the current capacity of the MD has been the largest to 1G, and the 1G of the MD can be said to be the fastest memory in the read and storage speed, however, it is not the fastest memory. The 1G MD is the fastest memory in terms of reading and storing speed, but the MD is a hard disk after all, there will be activation time and the need to pay attention to the problem of anti-shock, and the 1G MD is not cheap, an average of 1MB about a few dollars.

Three, when buying a digital camera notes

Understanding the above issues, the next thing is to ask their own needs, honestly, digital cameras are really a penny a penny, but expensive products are not necessarily the most suitable for their own, because it is very likely to spend a large amount of money to buy a bunch of features that can not be used. What you need to pay attention to when you buy a camera is the color and quality of the shot, the ability of the battery to run continuously, followed by the specifications of the memory card used, followed by the ease of control and the features.

Buying a camera is not about the appearance of the camera, but the color and image quality of the camera, which is the real meaning of the camera, the next thing to pay attention to is the continuous use of the digital camera, some of the camera less than half an hour on the power, which is really very annoying, the current better digital cameras are mostly using a special rechargeable lithium-ion, the advantage of the battery is that the battery is more durable, the disadvantage of the power is out! Can not buy, usually have to buy a spare battery, and this special rechargeable lithium of course high consumption. Memory card is of course one of the factors to consider, because most of the digital cameras come with a very small capacity of memory card, can shoot up to ten high-resolution photos to laugh, so consumers usually buy additional memory card, these can be counted as one of the costs of purchasing Oh! As for the convenience of control and functionality, it is also a very important part of the author's favorite is the Nikon CoolPix 5700 or Canon G2 in the LCD can do 270 design, so that users do not need to crouch or lying on the ground can shoot a variety of different angles, as for the function, according to the user's needs to choose.

1, beginners

Consumers who are buying a digital camera for the first time, who have never touched photography or who do not have much need for photography, who only want to take pictures, but do not want to learn photography skills, then 2,000 yuan of digital cameras are the most suitable for the most suitable, usually this type of camera is only full-automatic as well as a variety of different contextual modes, and the control is very simple, and the pixel count is not too high. Usually, this kind of camera only has full-automatic and various situation modes, and the control is very simple, and the pixels are not too high, so it does not require profound knowledge, so for the elderly and children, as long as their fingers can move and press the shutter, they will be able to take good photos. Currently, this type of camera in the number of pixels is about two million up and down, the main market is mostly students, so in the appearance of the design is very avant-garde, in general, two megapixel camera, has been enough to output into a 4 × 6 photo.

There is a point to note that there are a lot of WebCam cameras on the market that are sold under the name of digital camera, not that this type of product is not good, but this type of product uses built-in memory, most of which is not expandable, and only has more than a million pixels in the image, and the better ones use CCDs, and some use CMOS, and the lenses aren't good enough to produce a good result. Poorly, to be transmitted via e-mail on the network is acceptable, if you want to wash into the camera will have to think twice, in addition to this type of camera does not have a LCD can be shot along with the view, if the consumer is not much demand for photographs, the picture quality is not a very demanding, it can be included in the consideration of the type of machine.

2, the middle tier of digital cameras

Mid-level cameras are mostly aimed at users who are not satisfied with the features of the primary camera, most of the price point of 3500 yuan or less, the pixel is about three million or four million between this type of camera in addition to the full manual function, but also joined the aperture priority, shutter priority and full manual, but also in the control of the more convenient in the periphery of support, also more. Users can purchase adapters for wide-angle lenses, telephoto lenses, and filters. Although a 2 megapixel camera is sufficient for 4×6 photos, a 4×6 photo taken by a 3 or 4 megapixel camera is more detailed than a 2 megapixel camera, and of course, an 8×10 photo is also sufficient. A mid-level digital camera is ideal for users who are interested in photography. After all, the digital camera can record the aperture, shutter, and other conditions of the photo taken at the time in the file, so that the user can learn from the experience of taking pictures.

3, high-level digital cameras

High-level digital cameras, most of the 8,000 yuan up and down, the number of images is about five million, this type of camera features more than the middle level of the camera, more powerful, can be said to be an electronic monocular camera that has the full range of functions, only poorly can not be changed in order to seek a better optical resolution of the high-level digital cameras suitable for magazines, graphic output to use, and for the number, quality, image quality, and so on. The camera is suitable for magazine print output use, and for the number of images, image quality, color has a strong demand for people, and this type of camera peripheral more, so that users have more choice of conditions.

4, professional-grade digital camera

Professional digital camera is a digital monocular camera, the user can change the lens to get the best picture quality, color and photo effect, this type of digital camera in the number of images are more than six million, in the price of cheap about 20,000, a little more expensive to about 60,000, and even 100,000, 200,000 have, professional-grade digital cameras. Due to the high threshold, it is not affordable for ordinary people, unless they have a strong interest in photography. I believe that users who own a traditional monocular camera will dream of needing such a camera. At present, professional-grade digital cameras include NIKON's D1, D1X, D1H and the newly launched D100, Canon's 1D, D60, D30, FujiFilm's S2 PRO, and Kodak's DSC760, 460 and so on.

Four, conclusion

Money is now very difficult to earn, to spend on spending on the point, often see friends buy a digital camera said just how good my camera has a lot of good features, but look at him out of the photo is really can not see, so many features are not at all attentive in the learning process, will only be used in the full-automatic, it is really no need to spend so much wasted money. There is no point in purchasing a digital camera, the most important features to be grasped, that is, the picture quality, the continuous use of the battery, the control of the convenience and functionality is not suitable for their own.

Respondent: SOTP - the same as the first grade 6 11-4 18:39

Pixel

Pixel refers to the resolution of the digital camera. It is determined by the number of photosensitive elements on the photoelectric sensor in the camera, with one photosensitive element corresponding to one pixel. Therefore, the more pixels you have, the more photosensitive elements you have, and the more detailed your photos will be. Currently, the mainstream digital cameras on the market are generally measured in millions of pixels, ranging from 2 million to 5 million, 6 million, and even professional digital cameras are able to reach 22 million, which is enough to meet the needs of enjoying photos on a computer or printing them through a color printer.

The so-called "1 megapixel" means that the CCD has more than 1,000 pixels wide and 1,000 pixels long. Therefore, the captured image is also composed of 1000 x 1000 pixels, which is what we usually call the "resolution" of the photo.

Generally speaking, an average print has 300 pixels per inch. By this standard, an image with 2 million pixels can be perfectly output as a 5-inch photo, while an image with 5 million pixels can be output as an 8-inch photo. If the pixels are too high, the larger the image file captured will be, which will bring a series of problems, such as the time required for storage is too long, the power consumption increases, and the number of photos that can be held in the memory card becomes smaller, etc., and the corresponding improvement in imaging quality is not obvious. Therefore, for the average consumer, the digital camera used for daily shooting, the pixel between 2 million and 5 million is enough. There's no need to go for high pixel counts.

Zoom

The zoom of a digital camera is divided into optical zoom and digital zoom. Optical zoom is a way for a camera to change its focal length by changing the relative positions of the lens groups in the optical lens. Digital zoom, on the other hand, is a way for a camera to capture a portion of the image on its sensor and then magnify it to obtain a zoom.

The optical zoom range of a digital camera's lens is usually labeled on the lens, and the magnification of the digital zoom is also labeled on the camera body. Almost all digital cameras use optical zoom as the first zoom, and when the optical zoom reaches its maximum, then the digital zoom is used as a secondary zoom to continue to increase the zoom magnification.

The aperture

The aperture is a set of metal blades in the center of the lens that are placed inside the lens as an adjustable circular or near-circular aperture that restricts the incident beam. It has two basic purposes: one is to help get the correct projection; the other is to narrow or enlarge the aperture to adjust how much light the lens passes through to control the exposure of the light-sensitive material. The size of the aperture affects light transmission, depth of field, sharpness, lens flare, and contrast, and is usually expressed in lowercase "f" units.

Generally speaking, the smaller the value of "f", the greater the luminous flux of the lens, and the greater the ability to capture low-light environments; conversely, the smaller the luminous flux of the lens, and the weaker the ability to capture low-light environments.

ISO value (commonly known as sensitivity value)

ISO value is a unit that indicates the degree of sensitivity of light-sensitive materials to light, and is basically the same as the ISO value labeled on traditional photographic films.

In general, ISO values for civilian-grade digital cameras range from ISO 50 to ISO 400, while the range of ISO values for professional-grade digital cameras extends to ISO 50 to ISO 1600. At the same shutter and aperture values, the larger the ISO value, the stronger the light sensitivity, and vice versa. However, the higher the ISO value, the greater the image noise (more uniform white spots in the image) and graininess of the captured image, and the less sharp it is.

Unlike traditional cameras, digital cameras have adjustable ISOs, so they are more flexible than traditional cameras and can handle different levels of brightness and darkness. For example, when we use a digital camera, we can use ISO 100 to take the first picture and ISO 400 to take the second picture. This is not the case with conventional cameras, where you can only shoot all 36 sheets of an ISO100 film before switching to an ISO400 film.

Resolution

Resolution is the number of pixels contained in a unit of linear image size, usually measured in pixels per inch (dpi).

The resolution of a digital camera determines the final size of the photograph that can be printed from the captured image, or the size of the image that can be displayed on a computer monitor. The resolution of a digital camera depends on the number of pixels on the CCD (Charge Coupled Device) chip in the camera; the more pixels, the higher the resolution.

The resolution of a digital camera is determined by its manufacturing process and is fixed at the factory. Users can only choose a digital camera with a different resolution, but cannot adjust the resolution of a digital camera. In terms of household digital cameras, the higher the resolution, the higher the grade of the camera, but as we said in the previous section, the high resolution camera generates a large data file, the processing, handling, storage and other processes have high requirements. Therefore, users don't have to go overboard with the high resolution.

The output quality of a digital image file is determined by the values of both image resolution and image size***. Image resolution affects the size of the file in a proportional relationship, with the size of the file being proportional to the square of its image resolution. That is, if you keep the image size constant and double its resolution, the file size increases to four times its original size.

White balance

White balance refers to the adjustment of color settings so that colors are as undistorted as possible and colors are reproduced properly under light conditions with different color temperatures. This adjustment is usually based on the color white, hence the name white balance. On digital cameras, this function is used to correct the off-color nature of the captured image.

For example, if you use the white balance setting for sunlight under fluorescent lighting indoors, the resulting image will be greenish. When the white balance setting is changed to fluorescent, the color cast is greatly improved, and the image is closer to the normal color effect seen by the naked eye.

The mainstream digital cameras in the world today generally have a variety of built-in white balance methods. You just need to go to the main menu and select the " White Balance (WB)" item (the name of this item will vary depending on the camera), and the camera will let you select the white balance mode according to the prevailing situation.

File Formats

Digital cameras have a number of different image file formats for storing the photos they take, and different file formats compress digital images at different rates. Common image file formats include RAW, TIFF, JPEG, etc.

RAW is a lossless file format that takes raw files that have not been processed for saturation, sharpness, contrast, or white balance adjustments and stores them on a memory card without compression. The advantage is that the quality of the image is not lost, the disadvantage is that the file takes up more space and the format is not very versatile.

TIFF format is also a lossless file format, the advantage is that the quality of the image is not lost, but the disadvantage is that the file takes up more space than a RAW file.

JPEG format is a lossy compression file format, the advantage is that the image file takes up less space, the disadvantage is that the quality of the image will suffer some loss.

Metering Methods

The metering methods of digital cameras generally include multi-frame metering, center focus metering, and spot metering.

Multi-frame metering is a method in which the camera divides the entire frame into several small areas, detects the light and darkness of each part, and estimates the exposure value by using the manufacturer's preset weighted average calculation method. This type of metering is more secure for beginner photographers and gives better results in most shooting situations.

Central focus metering is basically the same as multi-frame metering, with the difference being that the camera weights a larger percentage of the area in the center of the frame at about 5% to 12%, while the area outside the center is weighted less, and divides the frame into fewer areas. This type of metering is more commonly used by intermediate photographers, but for more complex environments, you will have to increase or decrease the exposure based on your own experience.

Spot metering means that the camera only meters about 2% to 8% of the area in the center of the frame, and does not meter the area outside the center. This type of metering is more suitable for more specialized photographers. In environments where light and darkness are extremely complex, they can use their experience to increase or decrease exposure based on the exposure assessed by spot metering, resulting in a much better picture than the previous two methods.

Depth of Field

Depth of field is an abbreviation for the depth of field that creates a clear image on light-sensitive material. It is also the range of distance from the nearest clear point to the farthest clear point from the camera, which varies with the focus point of the lens.

Depth of field is determined by the focal length of the lens, the size of the aperture, the focusing distance of the three factors, there is a correspondence between the three as follows:

The larger the focal length of the lens, the depth of field is smaller; the smaller the focal length, the greater the depth of field.

The larger the aperture (small f-number), the smaller the depth of field; the smaller the aperture (large f-number), the larger the depth of field.

The closer the focusing distance, the smaller the depth of field; the farther the focusing distance, the larger the depth of field.

Exposure Compensation and Flash Compensation

Exposure compensation is a function in which the user corrects the effect of exposure based on the exposure value given by the camera. The exposure value is usually incremented and decremented in +0.3 and -0.3 steps or +0.5 and -0.5 steps. Exposure compensation is designed to allow the photographer to correct and adjust the exposure determined by the camera's metering, so as to obtain an accurate exposure suitable for the subject and make the photo more realistic. Nowadays, digital cameras generally provide an exposure compensation function with an adjustment range of ±2.0EV. Exposure compensation is expressed as +3, +2, +1, 0, -1, -2, -3, etc., with "+" indicating an increase in exposure based on the exposure set by the metering, and "-" indicating a decrease in exposure, with the corresponding number being the number of levels of compensation for the exposure (EV value).

If possible, we should try to meter with the camera's own meter before shooting. In most cases, shooting with the data provided by the camera will result in essentially correct exposure for most negatives. This is because the camera reads an 18% gray shade, which is the average value of light in our everyday scenes, such as our skin tones.

But there are situations in which the exposure data provided by the camera doesn't yield the best exposure. Especially when shooting images in which white or bright objects predominate, simply following the camera's metering data can result in significant exposure deviations. No matter how bright or dark an object is, the final shot will be reduced to 18% gray. Such a photo naturally does not accurately reflect the actual brightness of the subject. In this case, exposure compensation is needed.

In addition to exposure compensation, flash compensation also has a very important impact on the final image quality. The mainstream digital cameras on the market today are generally equipped with a flash. Flash compensation is mainly used to adjust the output power of the flash to avoid overexposure caused by the flash being too bright.

Experienced photographers often use the words "white plus black minus" to illustrate the essentials of exposure compensation, due to the different reflectivity of various scenes, so there is no specific standard for the compensation range, the photographer should summarize the experience of shooting, analyze the balance between black, white, gray and reflectivity, based on the camera's metering to give a The exposure is compensated by the combination of exposure given by the camera's metering.

Exposure modes

The exposure modes of digital cameras are basically the following: program, auto, aperture-priority (aperture-priority), shutter-priority (shutter-priority), and manual. In addition, some digital cameras have special features that match their software, such as the Canon POWERSHOT G2's panorama and old photo modes.

Programmed exposure is basically the same as automatic exposure, in that it involves exposure according to a program (a combination of different aperture and shutter values) that is pre-programmed into the camera when it takes a picture. For example, you can choose from people, close-ups, and long-distance views as you need them for your photo shoots.

Aperture-priority (aperture-priority) and shutter-priority (shutter-priority) exposure modes are modes in which the photographer adjusts the aperture value or shutter speed as needed (mainly depth of field), and the camera automatically measures the light and decides on the shutter or aperture value to be used to make the exposure.

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