Basic knowledge of Chinese medicine

Traditional Chinese medicine is the general name of China's traditional medicines, is based on natural medicines and their processed products as the main source, including botanical drugs, animal drugs, mineral drugs, and some chemical and biological products of drugs, due to the plant drugs for the most, and the most widely used, and thus the ancient along the ? Chinese pharmacology Also known as? The first time I saw this is when I was in the middle of the night, and I was in the middle of the night.

The performance of Chinese medicine, also known as medicinal properties, refers to the drug itself, each with a number of characteristics related to the therapeutic effect. It is the basic nature of the role of traditional Chinese medicine and features highly generalized, is the generations of doctors in our country in the long-term medical practice and gradually explored and summarized, to the Chinese medicine of the yin and yang five elements, internal organs, meridians and collaterals, treatment of treatment and so on as a guide, according to the nature of the various drugs and the therapeutic effects summarized the law of the use of medication.

The Four Sexes

The Four Sexes refer to the four different medicinal properties of cold, heat, warmth, and coolness of medicines, which are known as ? four qi? Among them, warm and hot and cold belong to two different types of nature, while warm and hot, cold and cool is only a difference in the degree of medicinal properties. Cold belongs to the yin, and cool second and cold; warm belongs to the yang, and warm second and hot. Drugs cold and hot, warm and cool, can not be perceived through the human subjective feeling, but according to the different reactions and therapeutic effects that occur after the action of drugs in the organism and make a generalized generalization. Such as gypsum, mother of pearl can treat fever, thirst, pulse flooding and other real heat, they are cold medicine; appendicitis, dry ginger can treat cold, cold limbs, late pulse and other cold evidence, they are hot and so on. It can be seen that the cold and heat of the drug temperature cool is relative to the heat and cold of the condition, is the role of the drug, the body shows the actual reaction. Cold and cool drugs have more heat, diarrhea, cool blood, detoxification, nourishing the role of yin, applicable to Yang, heat evidence; warm and hot drugs have more warming, dispersal of cold, to save the role of yin, cold evidence; in addition, there is also a kind of flatness, referring to the medicinal nature of the calm, cold and heat bias is not obvious, cold, heat evidence can be applied. But in fact, there is still a difference between slightly warm or slightly cold, so it is still customary to call the four sex.

Five flavors

Five flavors means that the drug has five different flavors: pungent, sweet, sour, bitter and salty, and thus has different 'therapeutic effects. The five flavors are not only a response to the taste of the drug, but more importantly, a generalization of the drug's properties and effects. In fact, there are more than five tastes of drugs, there are also light and astringent. However, the restriction of the five flavors to the five viscera,

The former generally attached the light to the sweet, astringent attached to the sour, still called five flavors. According to their respective roles, astringency is similar to acidity, while lightness is completely different from sweetness. Therefore, the actual clinical taste of medicine is divided into six.

Xin: that is, spicy flavor, ? It can disperse and move the body.

Gan: sweet flavor,? It has the function of tonifying, harmonizing and moderating.

Sour: sour or astringent flavor,? It has the ability to collect and astringent.

Bitter:? Can diarrhea, can dry?

Salty:? It has the function of laxative, laxative, drying dampness and descending rebelliousness.

Light:? It can seep, and can be beneficial.

The nature of the drug, flavor from different sides of the drug part of the performance. Only the nature of the drug and taste integrated analysis, in order to understand the nature and role of the drug more comprehensive. For example, ephedra is pungent, warm and cold, so it can disperse wind-cold.

Lifting, sinking and floating

Lifting, sinking and floating refers to the different tendencies of the drug in the body above and below the surface. He has a special regulating effect on the different tendencies of the disease mechanism or symptoms manifested in the disease. Lifting and lowering, floating and sinking are opposing tendencies. Ascending refers to rising, ascending; descending is descending, descending reverse; floating is floating, dispersing; sinking is sinking, seepage. Generally speaking, the ascending and floating medicines can go up and out, promote the body's qi upward or reach the surface, with rising Yang lift the trap, dispersing surface evil, dispelling wind and dispersing cold, promoting poisonous rashes, gushing vomiting and opening the role of the orifices; and sinking medicines can be downward to the inside, promote the body's qi downward or inward, with a clearing and diarrhea, submerged in the sun and extinguish the wind, descending the reverse vomiting, diuretic and seepage of dampness, the weight of the town to tranquilize the mind, descending the gas to calm the asthma, eliminating the accumulation of the conductive and stagnation and other roles. Lifting, sinking and floating are also important in guiding the clinical use of medication, and the basic principle of application is the same as the location of the disease and against the disease. Where the lesion site on the surface, it is appropriate to ascend and descend; lesion site in the in, it is appropriate to descend and should not ascend and descend; such as the disease on the reverse, it is appropriate to descend and should not ascend and float; if the lesion is sunken, it is appropriate to ascend and should not descend. If the reverse, often lead to adverse consequences. Elevation and sinking and floating and flavor has a real inseparable relationship, in the flavor of the drug. Where the flavor of the pungent, sweet, warm and hot drugs are mostly floating; where the flavor of the bitter, sour, salty, cold and cold drugs are mostly sinking.

The attribution

The attribution refers to the selective role of certain drugs for the body of certain organs and meridians of the lesions, that is, the main meridian (organs) or a few meridians (organs), the role of the obvious, while the other meridians (organs) is less effective, or no effect. The categorization of the medicine indicates the scope of application of the drug treatment, explaining the efficacy of the medicine.

As the disease is located in different organs and meridians, the clinical symptoms are not the same. If the lung meridian lesions see cough, liver meridian lesions see rib pain convulsions, heart meridian lesions see palpitations and insomnia. And according to the special efficacy of the drug on the organs and meridians lesions, you can determine the attribution of its meridian. Such as Platycodonopsis, almonds for coughing and chest tightness, so the lung meridian; antelope horn, hooker can quench the wind to stop convulsions, so the liver meridian; vermillion, Poria can calm the spirit palpitations, so the heart meridian, and so on. Some drugs have a wider scope of application, the meridian is also more.

Toxicity

Ancient people's understanding of drug toxicity is not consistent, both the toxicity of the drug as a drug bias, the poison is seen as a general term for all drugs; and that toxicity is a sign of the magnitude of the side effects of drugs. Now called toxicity, specifically used to indicate the toxic side effects of drugs. Mainly refers to the harmful effects of drugs on the human body. The toxicity of traditional Chinese medicine should not be ignored, and should not be mistaken that most of the traditional Chinese medicines are directly derived from natural herbs, and thus have little toxicity and a large safety factor. Since the founding of the country so far a large number of Chinese medicine poisoning reports, there are certainly documented large poisonous, highly toxic drugs have been poisoned to death; small poisonous, slightly poisonous or even non-toxic drugs, such as taking inappropriate, the same also have poisoning cases, so the clinical application of the must pay attention to. The main reasons for the poisoning of Chinese medicine are as follows: too large a dose or too long a time to take; improper concoction or preparation; improper distribution; medicine is not symptomatic, and so on.