Fuzhou Customs and Culture

The four characteristics of Fuqing customs

For thousands of years popular in the folk customs, customs, basically reflecting the traditional habits of life of the people of the Fuqing area, moral norms and spiritual outlook. Is an important part of the Min custom culture and distinctive signs. From the historical development, Fuqing customs have four obvious features:

(1) Inheriting the legacy of ancient Yue culture;

(2) Receiving a lot of influences from the ancient Central Plains culture;

(3) Being influenced by religions, especially Buddhism and Taoism;

(4) Absorption of overseas cultures since the modern times.

In Fuqing's traditional seasonal festivals and customs, welcoming spring, receiving spring, welcoming the New Year, etc. vividly embody the traces of the ancient Vietnamese legacy; while the Lantern Festival, Qingming Festival, Dragon Boat Festival, Chongyang Festival, etc., as well as the traditional customs of marriage and funeral and longevity celebrations such as the marriage, fixing of the bride, sacrificing the longevity of a person, Zhengshou, and the opening of the hangings, etc., and the folkloric beliefs such as Guan Gong's Birthday, welcoming the City God, Kuixing's Birthday, the Land's Birthday, and the Luban's Birthday, etc., obviously come from the impact of Central China culture, and are the living fossil of ancient Central China's culture. It is a living fossil of the ancient Central Plains culture. The worship and belief of Fuqing folk in the sea goddess Lin Meniang (i.e., Mazu, commonly called Mazu) and the land goddess Chen Jinggu (i.e., Mrs. Chen, the Empress Dowager of Linshui, commonly called Linshui Milk) show the deep influence of Taoism on the folklore of Fuqing, especially Linshui Milk, which has been honored as a goddess of protection for women and children for hundreds of years, and has penetrated into the folklore in almost all the households. Faith in the folklore of Guanyin Festival, Jizang King Festival, Si Zhou Buddha, Bathing Buddha Festival and so on fully demonstrates the penetration of Buddhism. Buddhism and Taoism in Fuqing folklore in the middle of the payment by the believers in worship, often a case of the same Buddha, Taoism, two gods. Relatively speaking, Islam has less influence on the customs of Fuqing. Since modern times, in Fuqing's living habits, but also by the influence of Catholicism and Christianity. Shoes off people's houses, lantern shows, flower shows, etc. vividly reflect the tradition of Fuqing people who are good at absorbing foreign cultural customs. In the process of forming Fuqing customs, there is not only the power of integration by absorbing and blending foreign customs, but also the exclusiveness of territorial fragmentation. In life folklore, there are different customs in the same hometown, and in faith folklore, there is the phenomenon of offering incense to Taoism and Buddhism, and there is the current situation of exclusivity in which "Bongjiao" (referring to Catholicism and Christianity coming from the West) is a wild religion. Fuqing custom contains a respect for tradition and the courage to open up, stay in the hometown and keen to go out of the strange two-way type, cultivated a lot of talent, so that the Minhai townspeople, such as the first in modern history to look at the world's national hero Lin Zexu, the introduction of Western bourgeoisie thought of the Enlightenment ideologue Yan Fu, the founder of China's translation Lin Shu, Chinese modern history, in the Nanyang open up the "new Fuqing" in the famous overseas Chinese leader Huang Naisheng, and so on. Huang Naisang and so on. Fuqing customs, fully presenting the "Southeast mountainous country" and "the sea of Fujian" closed and open two-way intertwined human form.

The Spring Festival is the first day of the first month of the Lunar Calendar, the ancient name of Cuiduan, is the festival of resignation and welcome the new year, and it is also the grandest festival of the year. In the morning, we eat tai ping ping (thread noodles with 2 eggs) to symbolize a year of peace. From the first to the third day of the first month, clean clothes to the elders of the family, friends and relatives, "New Year's Eve", speak auspicious words. Lantern Festival on the 15th day of the first lunar month, Lantern Festival, Lantern Market. After the seventh day of the first lunar month in Fuqing area, the lantern market is prevalent, watching lanterns and sending lanterns. South Back Street specializes in the sale of a variety of paper lanterns, both sides of the street, under the roof trough, lanterns hanging high, a wide range.

The 29th day of the first month of the lunar calendar is a unique custom in the Fuqing area. Cooking glutinous rice porridge, with red dates, brown sugar, water chestnuts, cinnamon, peanuts and other condiments, so-called "Au Jiu congee", the family as breakfast; married daughters also want to send Au Jiu congee to their parents, which means that I wish peace through the "nine" this pass. Qingming Tomb-sweeping Qingming Festival, ancestor tomb-sweeping, food is mainly spinach, light cake chips.

Duanwu Dragon Boat Festival The fifth day of the fifth month, also known as the fifth day of the festival. The first to the fifth main activity is the dragon boat racing; the fifth noon "festival" to drink Xionghuang wine, eat peanut rice dumplings and lotus leaf buns.

Seventh night words magpie bridge The night of the seventh of July is the myth of the Cowherd and the Weaving Maiden magpie bridge meeting time. It is common in Fuqing to give fava beans to each other on this festival to commemorate the bond.

Mid-Autumn Moon Festival The 15th day of August is also known as the Reunion Festival. Families get together to eat mooncakes, drink wine and enjoy the full moon. In the olden days, it was called "Waiting for the Moon".

The 9th day of the 9th lunar month, known as the Chongyang Festival, is a day of respect for the elderly. In the old days, people climbed up to high places and flew kites, which was a very lively event.

The Winter Solstice is also known as the Winter Festival. The whole family gets together and rolls rice into pills, which is called "rubbing pills" in Fuqing dialect, meaning reunion.

The Lunar New Year On the 24th day of the 12th month, it is also known as "Zaosi" (祭灶), when families clean their kitchens to welcome the new year. Families clean their kitchens to welcome the New Year, and the main food is zaosugar and zaocakes.

New Year's Day The last day of the lunar year, also known as New Year's Eve, is the most important holiday of the year. The last day of the Lunar New Year, also known as New Year's Eve, is the most important holiday of the year. Families get together, eat New Year's Eve dinner, and distribute New Year's money to children. After the New Year, the next day is the Spring Festival.

Seven Streets and Thirty-six Alleys in the Past and Present~Scenery of Fuqing, Fujian

Yurong Ancient City is a ballad of the vicissitudes of life that has not yet faded away; the oldest of the oldest from his grandfather's grandfather, listening to the story of the seven streets and thirty-six alleys from one generation to the next. In the dead of night, you can hear the clogs shuffling across the stone alleyway "clack" sound; morning mist, the depths of the alley seems to come "tea food tea food"...... "yellow rice cake light cake" of the call, the old man selling olive skewers, with a bamboo tube with bamboo sticks, one by one, slowly and steadily thrown out the crisp sound, from the Tang Dynasty has been ringing to today ......

Today's Rongcheng, the motherland's southeastern coast of a bright jewel. Since 1990, the county established a city, the old city renovation, planning and construction, the urban landscape is changing day by day, millions of people in Fuqing, the construction of the new city of overseas Chinese Qi efforts, a modern city is rising. Nostalgic writers and writers knocked the history of the old man: seven streets and thirty-six lanes today?

(1)

Turning over the long scroll of history, I respectfully read the city from the old glasses. We live and work in this small city, from the Tang Shengli two years (699 AD) analysis of Changle southeast of the eight townships built Wan'an County (Fuqing City, the first name), has been the county seat of the residence, through the expansion, repair, has been more than 1300 years.

Rongcheng, as the political and cultural center of Fuqing, has been in feudal society for 1,114 years, semi-colonial and semi-feudal society for 109 years in the past 1,300 years, and then later on, it belongs to the primary stage of socialism in new China. Rongcheng's street and alley names, in the feudal society, mainly by the people of cloth taken, the official literati interest, or for some kind of need, but also took a lot of, and then the official many times to rectify, literati also intervene everywhere, this aspect of the proportion of street and alley names are increasing day by day, the cultural atmosphere is gradually thick. Carefully retrieve the rongcheng, we grabbed the history of the old man's fluttering silver beard:

Tang and Song dynasties have: Xiaoqiao, on the well, the production of ponds, summer store, fish market, cross-street ***6 Street 33 alleys; Ming and Qing dynasties have: the county in front of the, before the school, the west gate, on the well, the well, Xiaoqiao, the production of ponds, the back of the Po, the fish market, cross-street, the field in front of the, *** counting 11 Street 33 alleys.

Doos and stars, in the twinkling of an eye, the establishment of new China, Fuqing liberation. 1950, Rongcheng has: the river before, new streets, a whisker, the production of ponds, Houpu, Xiaobiao, Huanjie, Fuxing, the fish market 9 streets and 58 alleys; to 1979, Rongcheng also has a large north, Houpu, Xiaobiao, the production of ponds, water and land, before the school, the fish market, Hengjie, Fuxing, the new street, such as 10 streets and 61 alleys.

1988 Fuqing revision of the record, recorded 7 Street for: Houpu Street, Fish Market Street, Shuilu Street (Westgate Street), production of pond Street, Xiaoqiao Street, Dabei Street, Huan Street; 36 alleys for: on the Lane, Hetou Lane, Zheng Lane, Wang Lane, Footbelt Lane, connected with the Lane, Shing Wong Lane, Yangchun Lane, Guxia Lane, East Lane, Gao Lane, Fungshan Lane, Wucuo Lane, Xuewei Lane, Shum Lane, Dubuo Lane, Heng Yuan Lane, Lakeshore Xia, Yudou Yuan, Senfuqian, Futangzhuang, Jiechangpujing, and Wude Tang.

In 1990, Fuqing County on the eve of the establishment of the city, *** there are 42 roads 124 alleys.

We were pleasantly surprised to find that the names of Xiaoqiao Street, Houpu Street (Xiapu during the Tang and Song dynasties) and Yantang Street are used from the Tang and Song dynasties to the present. Ancient Rongcheng, long history, endless traditional culture, how not to let Yurong sons and daughters of feelings and proud of pride!

(2)

With the gradual deepening of the city's reform and opening up and the continuous development of economic construction, municipal construction has made great progress, the old city renovation and construction of the new city at the same time, the area of the urban area by the original 4.6 square kilometers to the current 10 square kilometers more than 10 square kilometers of new construction and expansion of more than a dozen main roads and more than 30 secondary roads, the transformation of nearly a hundred alleys, pieces of the old city was transformed into new! The old city has been transformed into new residential areas, with high-rise buildings standing on both sides of the street, and the appearance of the city is changing day by day. At the same time, the place names have also changed a lot, patches of the place name entity disappeared, a new place name came into being. Outstanding characteristics, pay attention to history, take care of habits, maintain stability, reflecting the principle of planning", Rongcheng City, the city's main streets drafted names, respectively:

YiFu Street, DongMen Street, LiQiao Street, HouPu Street, WenXing Street, ShuiLu Street (Ximen Street), XiaoQiao Street, and phoenix road, jiangbian road, LongXing Road, LongWang Road, LongShan Road, RongNan Road, under the bridge road, Luminous Road, Yuping Road, Fengbei Road, Longhua Road, Donggao Road, Lushan Road, Hongshang Road, Yutang Road, Chenghuang Road, Jindun Road, Tianjian Road, Longjin Road, Xiangyang Road, Fenghuang South Road, Rongxi Road, Longmen Road, Qiaoxi Road, Jiangnan Road, Tianbaolu Road, Shuangjie Road, Fushan Road, Yong'an Lane, Yongju Lane, Yongle Lane, Yongye Lane, and other 7 Street, 28 Road, 4 Lane. Over the past six years, these names in the construction of the city gradually accepted by the people, and now, wide streets with traffic, stone alleys no longer exist, replaced by a neat cement road. The guy selling tea and food wears leather shoes on his feet, baskets set up on either side of the back of his bicycle, and pedals while yelling in a very traditional manner, "Tea and food, tea and food!" Buses travel through the main streets, and the new Xianggao Street is a harmonious blend of ancient and modern flavor. Next to it, relying on the famous gardens in the bean district, the birth of an antique street, and Ruiyun Tower in front of the Huangge heavy spandex under the Liqiao Street echoes and rivals.

(3)

Rongcheng's street and lane names, or named according to the terrain and landscape, or according to the actual utility of the title, or a commemorative significance, or for praying for good luck and good fortune, competing, meaningful. Such as double jing road, east from the south end of the South Gate Bridge Jiangnan Road, west to double jing mountain foothills, double jing mountain is one of the shape of Fuqing, so the road to the name of the mountain. Houpu Street, formerly known as Xia Pu Street, ancient Xia's settlement, the street is lined with stores opened by the Xia surname, so the name. Because of "Xia" and "after" harmonization is gradually become Houpu Street, "Cultural Revolution" during the anti-imperialist road was renamed in 1987 and changed to Houpu Road, is now restored to its original name. Riverside Road, in the old days, in honor of the euphonious Ming Cabinet Chief Minister Ye Xianggao, to Xianggao number Taishan for the name, called Taishan Road, the Republic of China in honor of Dr. Sun Yat-sen, changed the name to Zhongshan Road, and then the name of the ring road, the Cultural Revolution, during the name of the liberation of the road, restored to the ring road in 1979. Yongan Lane, Yongju Lane, Yongle Lane, Yongye Lane is "live in peace and work in contentment" four words crown "Yong" named, said the residents of the good wishes of the tenants.

In the existing streets, it is difficult to find the shadow of the past. However, in the use of small bridges, production ponds, Houpu street name at the same time, there is a through the city east and west of the street but more and more long, more and more beautiful, that is, a whisk street.

Yi Fu Street, formerly known as Yifu Road, east from the Overseas Chinese Cinema connected to Eastgate Street, west to Hubinxia connected to Riverside Road, a total length of 0.8 kilometers, the old section had the name of the street in front of the school, Fukushin Street, the front of the House Street, Fish Street, the market street, the city's heart Street, the street of the Huan, and so on. The name of this street, in honor of the Northern Song Dynasty, Fuqing celebrity Zheng Man and up, the late eighties will be stretched across the entire street in front of the county government, the cancellation of the name of the street segments, collectively referred to as a whisk street. 1993 on the western side of a whisk of the Hubinxia renovation, a whisk of the western end of a small section of the road, so then cancel the name of the Hubinxia, a whisk of the street.

Memorial Zheng Man why called "a whisk street"? Because of Zheng Man called "Mr. One Whisk", there is a touching legend.

Cheng Man, Haikou people in the Northern Song Dynasty. Straightforward nature, all righteousness, Zhi Ping four years (1067) twenty-seven years old, because of concern for the plight of the people, denouncing the evil of the officialdom, to the emperor into the "displaced persons map" and "evil curved villain map", offended by the big bureaucrats, was exiled to the Qiongzhou, more than half a hundred years ago, the party! Permitted to return to Beijing, Su Dongpo recommended him to Quanzhou as an oracle. Soon after, he was ostracized by the treacherous ministers and transferred back to the capital as a minor official to guard the city gates.

Despite the trials and tribulations, Zheng Man's temper has become more and more stubborn, and his pike horn has become sharper and sharper. Once, he rebuked the master Cai Jing to his face, and offended the traitorous minister. When Zheng Man sued the old man to return home, Cai Jing stopped on the road, to check Zheng Man's ten boxes, after some verbal sparring, Cai Jing brutally opened the Zheng Man's imperial seal box. Who knows open nine boxes, all the rubble and stone, the last box to open, only to see the four treasures and books, Cai Jing thought the treasures must be at the bottom of the box, after turning out, but a duster, Zheng Man leisurely and proudly said: "The next official a clean, rely on this thing, when diligently wiping, do not make the dust." Said, holding the dust whisk to Cai Jing body a brush, laughed: "Unfortunately, adults are too thick, can not whisk away." Cai Jing open-mouthed, in the sneers of the onlookers gray away.

This is the "Mr. One Whisker" and the origin of the street, for the people, a righteous Mr. One Whisker will always be in his hometown in the hearts of the people. Fuqing Municipal Government body of the people's hearts to follow public opinion for clean government Zheng Man statue, placed in the southeast corner of the street park, facing a whisk street people come and go, view the peaceful times of Rongcheng prosperity, *** enjoy the results of reform and opening up, and a whisk road, that is, a whisk of Mr. Monument set in the Yurong land.

Rongcheng seven streets and thirty-six lanes, such as Min Opera tunes like a cry, is an epic chapter such as song and praise. Love me Rongcheng, let the seven streets and thirty-six lanes as beautiful as a picture scroll.