Main types of new energy buses

(1) Hybrid bus-occupying more than 90% of the new energy bus market in China, it is the undisputed leading model. For the bus industry in China, the hybrid power is mainly diesel-electric hybrid, which has the advantage of reducing fuel consumption by more than 30%, and the emission standard can reach the national IV level. However, the problem of battery capacity and life has not been completely solved. Hybrid bus is a developing product, which allows mass production, but it can only be sold and used in the approved area, scope, duration and conditions, and at least 20% of the products sold can be monitored in real time, which leads to the increase of bicycle prices.

(2) Pure electric bus-battery powered. Using motor instead of oil machine has low noise and no pollution, and uses a single electric energy source. Moreover, the batteries of pure electric vehicles can be charged by using the cheap "valley power" of the power grid at night, which can stabilize the peak-valley difference of the power grid. China's pure electric vehicles are mainly used in airports, residential areas, stadiums and other places. As a product in the initial stage, pure electric bus can only be produced in small batches, and it is demonstrated in the approved area, scope, time limit and conditions, and all products are monitored in real time.

(3) Fuel cell buses, mainly hydrogen fuel cell buses, are considered as the most promising products, which can really solve the energy shortage problem and achieve zero emissions. But it is also an initial product.

(4)CNG bus -CNG (compressed natural gas), as a gas fuel, is more evenly mixed with air, burns more fully, and emits less harmful substances such as CO and HC; There is no carbon deposit after natural gas combustion, which can reduce engine wear and low maintenance cost; The modification of natural gas engine is simple, especially the dual-fuel engine modified by gasoline engine, which has high cost performance and wide application; In addition, more importantly, the fuel cost of natural gas buses is much lower than that of diesel or gasoline engines, and the economic benefits are very high.

(5)LNG bus-LNG (liquefied natural gas) can greatly reduce the volume of natural gas, and it can travel more than 500km or even 1000km once inflated, which is very suitable for long-distance transportation. Moreover, LNG is liquid and is not affected by natural gas pipeline network, and all indicators are obviously better than LPG.

(6)LPG bus-LPG (liquefied petroleum gas) is basically similar to CNG in performance and use. There are three main reasons for its use: first, as a substitute for fuel; Second, the emissions are clean and the pollution is small; Third, it is very cheap to use. However, because LPG also comes from petroleum and its resources are limited, its popularization has been widely questioned.

(7) Alcohol Fuel Bus-Alcohol fuel is mainly nail alcohol and ethanol. Mixing a certain proportion of alcohol fuel into gasoline is widely used at home and abroad, and the proportion of alcohol fuel used in some areas is high. Because of its wide sources, methanol fuel can be extracted from natural gas, inferior coal, oil sands, sawdust and other substances that can produce carbon monoxide and hydrogen, and its production process is simple, equipment is few and transportation is convenient, so it is mainly used in China. However, the research of ethanol fuel has attracted more and more attention all over the world.

(8) Other energy buses-In China, there are mainly dimethyl ether fuel and hydraulic hybrid buses and supercapacitor buses.