The history of telecommunication companies now have what business

The establishment of the market economic system has prompted a huge change in China's telecommunications industry, after a major reform, China's communications has been from the original government-enterprise General Administration of Telecommunications, reorganized into China Telecom, China Netcom, China Mobile, China Unicom, China Tietong, China Satellite Telecommunications and other six major operators.

Which China Telecom Group Corporation in May 2002 was officially established.

So, the history of China's telecommunications enterprises should be counted from where? There are different views in the industry.

In my opinion, China's telecom industry, as an enterprise, should first determine the criteria and basis for its division when exploring the source of its history.

First, the criteria for division

1, from the attributes of the enterprise to analyze.

As the attributes of the business is to provide consumers with products or services to obtain a certain profit.

Purely *** official or militarily specialized communications are relevant to the creation of a communications business, but cannot be considered the origin of the business.

2. To be closely related to the origin of China Telecom.

Today's China Telecom, where did it come from? Before and after there must be a clear relationship of inheritance, not far-fetched.

Second, the origin of China's telecommunications enterprises

1, the historical background

In 1840, the Western powers used cannons to open the door of China, Chinese society began to semi-feudal and semi-colonial turn, which, in turn, opened the first page of the modern history of China's communication.

The sound of the Opium War awakened the people of China, a large number of people with knowledge of China's national conditions were re-examined, and the rise of the foreign affairs movement.

From the 1960s to the 1990s, with the loss of China's ***, the Western telecom industry also attacked China, trying to dominate the market on the one hand, and serve its aggression and plunder on the other.

In this situation, in 1868, the early reformist Wang Tao resolutely returned to China, he wrote an article pointed out that: "urgently desirable to plan for nothing such as wires"; in 1873, the overseas Chinese businessman Wang Chengrong returned from France and Wang Bin manufactured China's first home-grown telegraph, and petitioned the Qing Dynasty *** to run its own telegraph, he said: "China's stagecoach, beacon, although fast, but not as fast as the foreign telegraph can reach thousands of miles"; 1875, Zheng Guanying in his "easy to say" said "telegraph is beneficial to the country and the people, as a matter of urgency".

At this time, Li Hongzhang also began to change the view of the telegraph, the main self-organized telegraph, in order to maintain the Chinese telecommunications ***.

On September 16, 1880, he wrote a letter requesting the establishment of the Tianjin-Shanghai telegraph to communicate with the North-South link, two days after the approval of the Qing ***.

2, the founding of the time

In 1875, Ding Richang, governor of Fujian, Fujian ship school attached to the telegraph school, training of telegraph technicians, which is China's first telegraph school; in 1877, Ding Richang to Taiwan to take advantage of the opportunity to see the Taiwan Telegraph Bureau, the same year, the construction of Kaohsiung to the telegraph line in Tainan, which is the first telegraph line, which is constructed by Chinese themselves, their own management, creating the first telegraph line, the first Chinese to build, the first Chinese to build, the first Chinese to build, the first Chinese to build, the first Chinese to build a telegraph line. This was the first telegraph line built by the Chinese themselves and under their own control, opening a new chapter in the history of Chinese telecommunications.

In 1879, Li Hongzhang built a telegraph line from the Arsenal to Li Hongzhang's Yamen in Tianjin, which became the first military telegraph line built by mainland China.

Guangxu six years (1880) in mid-August, the Beiyang Minister of Commerce Li Hongzhang played to prepare for the establishment of the Tianjin-Shanghai telegraph line, in Tianjin, the establishment of the government-run General Administration of Telegraph of Tianjin-Shanghai, appointed Sheng Xuanhuai for the General Office.

It should be said that this is the historical origin of China Telecom as an enterprise.

Before the completion of the Tianjin-Shanghai line in November of Guangxu 7 (1881), it was officially named the General Administration of Telegraph of China.

3. The initial government supervision and management laid a good foundation for healthy development.

After the notification of the Tianjin-Shanghai wire, operating four months, a great loss.

Because the construction of the Tianjin-Shanghai telegraph line of funding by Li Hongzhang in the military pay advances, in order to return the advances and further construction of telegraph lines, the General Administration of Telegraph in Guangxu eight years from the first of March (April 18, 1882) from the prospectus of the commercial office, * * * * solicited commercial shares of 100,000 silver dollars (100 yuan per share, * * * 1000 shares).

Half of the funds collected were returned to the army, and the other half was used for the construction of telegraph lines.

Since the eighth year of Guangxu (1882), March 1, changed to the official supervision of the commercial office, the prospectus to collect funds, paid back to the government in the annual principal silver (Xiangping silver 178,700 yuan more than two), listen to their own newspaper capital, in order to fill the funding.

Sheng Xuanhuai, Zheng Guanying, by Yuan Shan, Xie Jiafu, Wang Ronghe and other shares of Xiangping silver 80,000 taels, is its founding capital.

4, rapid development, good profits

Guangxu ten years (1884) spring, the General Administration from Tianjin to Shanghai, on the one hand, and foreign companies to negotiate with the discount telegraph rights, on the other hand, co-ordination of the establishment of various lines, and one after another, the completion of a number of trunk lines, such as the Guangdong-Guangxi line, Jiangxi-Guangdong line, Zhili-Shaanxi line, Hubei-Sichuan line, as well as Beijing-Chaktu line and so on.

And assist the government to set up a number of official lines.

Business line official line throughout the provinces, the different side of the 10,000 miles, breathing can be passed.

Also helped neighboring North Korea to build more than two thousand miles of power lines.

Guangxu 34 years (1908), the commercial line *** counted 41,417 miles, accounting for 45.56% of all telegraph lines.

The General Administration of Telegraphy in China is in good condition, from the twentieth year of Guangxu (1894), the earnings increased significantly, the dividend per share from the thirteenth year of Guangxu (1887) of more than 20 yuan per share dividend to more than 35 yuan.

Recruitment of commercial shares of 100 yuan par value per share rose to 160 yuan at the highest.

Part of the profits into capital, Guangxu 25 years (1899) the total capital amounted to 2.2 million yuan.

In addition to the annual payment of shareholders in accordance with the rules of the official profit of one cent, the dividends issued a few percent to one point, becoming the envy of the investment object.

5, the management mode change

Guangxu eight years (1882) in March, officially changed the government-run for the Government Supervisor of the commercial office, habitually known as the "Bureau of Commerce and Electricity".

Guangxu twenty years (1894) after the General Administration of Telegraphy in Tianjin and Shanghai prospectus commercial office, by the Qing Dynasty *** sent to supervise.

Guangxu 28 (1902) in November, the Beiyang Minister Yuan Shikai played to authorize the telegraph back to the government.

In March of Guangxu 29 (1903), the General Administration of Telegraphs was changed to a government-run organization, but the name and authority remained unchanged.

After the Ministry of Posts and Communications took over telecommunications in March 1907, the General Telegraph Office was reorganized into the Telegraph Bureau.

Tianyi

The Chinese name "Tianyi" is intuitively related to flying, wings, and the sky, reflecting the free and easy mobile experience and broad coverage; "Tianyi" is a homonym for "add wings", implying that "Tianyi" is the same as "add wings". The Chinese name "天翼" is synonymous with "添翼", which implies that after using China Telecom's mobile services, users will be able to experience mobile information services more freely and enjoy a new life of higher quality and more freedom of information.

"Tianyi" is a brand born from the development of China Telecom's 3G services, first endorsed by Deng Chao, to promote its healthy, high-speed, convenient, wireless and other characteristics of the 3G network to the majority of cell phone users, so as to introduce to the customer and choose the CDMA2000 for the network format of the 3G network.

The English name of "Tianyi" is e surfing, which is a condensation of information, Internet, and information age; e surfing, information surfing, fully embodies the positioning of mobile Internet.

The logo of "Skywing" is an auspicious cloud that is transformed from e.

The whole logo of "Skywing" is an auspicious cloud that is transformed from e to e.

The whole logo is dominated by e, which harmonizes with the word "wing", fully reflecting the relevance of the Internet and information applications; the deformed e is shaped like a cloud, which is a good interpretation of the symbolism of "Skywing", representing that "Skywing" will bring people into the new era of free and easy mobile Internet; the pattern has the same characteristics as a cloud, which is a symbol of the new era of mobile Internet. The pattern has traditional characteristics and is rich in futuristic and technological sense.

China Telecom's "Tianyi" cell phone (CDMA network cell phone): (1) You can use your Tianyi cell phone number to access the Internet with your Telecom laptop everywhere (one card, two cores).

(2) The default chat number is a cell phone number, which is convenient and easy to remember.

(3) Use your cell phone number as your email account, remember your email, no more trouble.

(4) Broadband roaming.

(Currently released nationwide) Skywing packages currently include Skywing 3G Fashion Package Skywing 3G Popular Package Skywing 3G Business Travel Package Skywing 3G Chat Package Skywing 3G Wireless Broadband Package

Unlimited WIFI

The China Telecom Skywing Broadband WiFi Client is a customized dialing software client developed for the China Telecom Skywing Broadband WiFi service.

China Telecom Tianyi Broadband WiFi Client is a customized dialing software client developed for China Telecom Tianyi Broadband WiFi service.

China Telecom Tianyi Broadband WiFi users can still use it abroad, the client will automatically search for current China Telecom partner hotspots, will give you active prompts, as long as the use of international roaming account login can be.

China Telecom's Tianyi Broadband WiFi client is a customized dialing software client developed for China Telecom's Tianyi Broadband WiFi service.

Smart terminals with Android 1.6 or above operating systems can connect to the wireless Internet in the network coverage area where the wireless network signal name is ChinaNet.

1. Support for Tianyi cell phone users: the cell phone number is the Internet account, with 10 hours of free Internet access per month, and the exceeding hours are charged according to telecom tariffs (0.03 RMB/minute).

Users can enter their Tianyi cell phone number in the account setup interface, and can get a dynamic password to log in through the client; 2. Support for non-Tianyi cell phone users: the cell phone number is the Internet account, and there are 5 consecutive hours of free experience per month, and the password is valid within 5 hours.

Users can get a free account through the "Free Experience" function; 3. Support for "Tianyi Broadband Wi-Fi Hourly Card" account: Users can visit China Telecom's online business hall or Wi-FiPortal page, and use online payment methods such as online banking, Alipay and Telecom rechargeable cards, etc. to purchase a card that includes a certain amount of national roaming Wi-Fi service. Purchase an electronic virtual card that includes a certain number of hours of national roaming Wi-Fi access; 4. Support the login of Tianyi broadband account.

Broadband account refers to China Telecom's ordinary WLAN users, wireless broadband package users, e8, e9 premium users, the account number is the home broadband number, such as 02100000000.

Xiaolingtong (小灵通)

1. "Little Smart" wireless local telephone (Personal access System) referred to as PAS, which adopts micro-cellular technology to realize wireless coverage through the micro-cellular base station, the user end (i.e., wireless local telephone handset) to access the local telephone network in a wireless way, which is an extension of the traditional fixed-line telephone, and becomes a useful supplement to the fixed-line telephone in a specific period. It is an extension of the traditional fixed-line telephone, and a useful supplement to the fixed-line telephone in certain periods of time.

Clear voice

The call quality is close to that of a regular landline phone because the system uses 32KADPCM coding.

Extremely low transmitter power

The transmitter power of the "Little Smart" cell phone is only 10MW, so there is no discomfort when using it for a long period of time.

Long standby time "Xiaolingtong" cell phones use lithium batteries, standby time of up to 500-800 hours, continuous talk time of up to 8 hours, in general, can be used continuously for 4-5 days without charging, and do not need a second battery. The second battery is not required.

February 3, 2009 news, after the official release of China's 3G license, the competent authorities have also allocated 3G frequency bands to the three telecom operators, and recently made clear that all 1900-1920MHz band wireless access systems should be completed by the end of 2011 to clear the frequency of the decommissioning work, in order to ensure that there is no harmful interference with the TD-SCDMA system.

This means that the 1900-1920Mhz frequency band occupied by the existing Smartphone will formally give way to the development of domestic 3G technology TD-SCDMA.

Previously, due to China's 3G license has not been issued, this 3G frequency band was used by China Telecom and the former China Netcom for the development of the small Lingtong and large Lingtong business, and currently has nearly 70 million users.

This time, the competent authorities will unconditionally recover the frequency band resources occupied by the existing Little Smart and Big Smart, and explicitly require China Telecom and China Unicom to take measures to ensure that this band of Little Smart and other wireless access modes do not have harmful interference with the network signals of China's 3G standard TD-SCDMA, etc., and to formulate the relevant decommissioning program, which must be completed before the end of 2011, according to the requirements of the *** department. The work must be completed by the end of 2011.

This decommissioning may be like a pager, but it's also just a flash in the pan.

My eHome

My eHome is a new comprehensive broadband Internet package from China Telecom, which is the first family-oriented customer brand in China's telecom market to effectively meet the increasingly diverse and personalized needs of families in terms of communication and information application!

Now we take China Telecom's My eHome business to do some specific introduction, My eHome business is mainly applicable to the family Internet broadband package, is tied to the fixed-line telephone costs, the user to join the My eHome business can enjoy the benefits of phone calls and Internet access, you can surf the Internet at the same time you can also make phone calls, Internet access and calls without interfering with each other, so that the Internet users to enjoy the fun of home Internet surfing, My eHome business is also applicable to the family Internet access. My eHome service provides your family with a full range of comprehensive information services, allowing you and your family to use fixed-line telephone, broadband voice and data services more freely and conveniently, but also enjoy video entertainment, family finance, home office, information home and other colorful family information applications, so that you can realize more comprehensive family information dreams at any time, any place, anytime and anywhere through computers, fixed-line telephones and cell phones! My eHome service will be available through China Telecom!　Through China Telecom's comprehensive information services, My eHome will create a stylish, healthy, harmonious, warm and affectionate family atmosphere for you, and provide you with more comprehensive and convenient communication applications for the pursuit of modern tastes and a happy life, making it an ideal platform for your family to enjoy a new life of information!