Why develop industrial economy? The role of industrial parks in it. From a famous theoretical point of view,

1 industrial park (1 NDU industrial park) is called industrial land in Japan and South Korea and industrial village in China and Hongkong. After World War II, the geographical concentration of enterprises is an important construction mode adopted by some developed countries to develop economy and improve urban layout structure. In many countries and regions, industrial parks have played a role in introducing foreign capital, promoting industrial development, solving employment, expanding exports and increasing foreign exchange income. Especially since the 1960s, the establishment of various industrial parks has played an important role in the research and development of new technologies and the revitalization of export-oriented industries in some newly industrialized countries and regions.

Among the early industrial parks in the world, the success of eight industrial parks, including Silicon Valley in the United States, Hsinchu in Taiwan Province Province, China, Bangalore in India, Cambridge in England, Sophia Antifilis in France, Dade in Korea, Ramat-Hovo in Israel, and Irish National Science Park, has been widely recognized in the world and is recognized as the representative of world-class parks. They are characterized by rapid development, leading industries in the world, focusing on technological innovation and industrial upgrading, and establishing a set of models suitable for the park's own development, such as Silicon Valley, which can cope with the local economic recession through technological innovation and high-tech industrial development and eventually become the engine of economic development in the United States and even the world.

The construction of China Industrial Park (National Economic and Technological Development Zone) started at 1979 Shekou Industrial Zone. By the end of 2000, Shekou Industrial Zone Co., Ltd. had become a company with total assets of11000 billion yuan, with net assets rolling from 200 million yuan at the time of development to 5.63 billion yuan, annual sales income of 4.7 billion yuan and after-tax profit of nearly 400 million yuan. After more than 20 years of pioneering work, Shekou Industrial Zone Co., Ltd. has now developed into a modern comprehensive enterprise group integrating modern high-tech industries such as finance, securities, tourism, culture and entertainment, commerce, ports, real estate, petrochemical storage and transportation and sales, water supply and power supply and communication, electronics, software and information technology. Shekou Industrial Group promoted economic development through reform, created one miracle after another in China's reform and economic construction, and gave birth to China Merchants Bank, the first corporate bank in China. Ping An Insurance Company, the first insurance company in China, has become a "test tube" for China's reform and a "window" for opening to the outside world, attracting worldwide attention with the "Shekou model" of economic construction.

Over the past 30 years, with the continuous improvement of the policies of the CPC Central Committee and the State Council on industrial parks, the development of industrial parks has been accelerating and its role has become increasingly apparent. The construction of industrial parks has directly promoted the development of regional economy and the upgrading of traditional industries in China. At present, China has established 54 national economic and technological development zones (including Suzhou Industrial Park, Shanghai Jinqiao Export Processing Zone, Ningbo Daxie Development Zone, Xiamen Haicang Taiwanese Investment Zone and Hainan Yangpu Economic Development Zone). For a long time, 54 state-level economic development zones have maintained a good momentum of development, and the main economic indicators have maintained an average annual growth rate of more than 20%, which has become an important "booster" for China's economic development. According to the data provided by the Ministry of Commerce, in 2006, 54 state-level economic and technological development zones in China realized industrial added value of 7.41400 million yuan, total industrial output value of 3021900 million yuan, tax revenue157 billion yuan, export149.2 billion US dollars and import1. As an indispensable carrier for the rapid development of modern industry, industrial parks are becoming more and more important.

First of all, the industrial park is the engine of regional economic development and the locomotive of GDP and local fiscal revenue growth. Take Jurong Industrial Park in Singapore as an example, which is one of the earliest development zones in Asia. After World War II, Singapore is a tiny place, lacking in resources, backward in industrial base and extremely high in unemployment rate. In order to change this situation, Singapore has established development zones and chosen a development path focusing on attracting investment from multinational companies. Jurong is located in the southwest coastal area of Singapore Island, about 10 km away from the urban area, with an area of 60 square kilometers. This area used to be a barren land, and most of the landforms were swamps and hills, but it has good natural and geographical conditions for building a modern industrial zone. 196 1 year, the government plans to delimit 6480 hectares of land in Jurong to develop an industrial park, and allocate S $ 1 100 million for infrastructure construction. During the period of 1968, the infrastructure construction of factories, ports, docks, railways, highways, electricity and water supply in the park was basically completed. In June of the same year, the Singaporean government established Jurong Town Government (JTC) to manage Jurong Industrial Zone and other industrial zones in China. By the end of 2003, more than 30 industrial parks have been established in Singapore Island, covering an area of 8,025 hectares, and 5,069 square kilometers have been developed, including more than 7,000 multinational companies and local high-tech manufacturing enterprises, which directly contributed 25% of Singapore's GDP and employed more than 1/3 of the country's labor force. The successful establishment of Jurong Industrial Park has enabled Singapore to achieve rapid industrialization and still maintain its development vitality. Its development model has always been the object of reference and imitation by other developing countries in Asia.

For another example, Suzhou Industrial Park in Jiangsu Province is an important cooperation project between the Chinese and New Zealand governments. 1994 was approved by the State Council in February, and started in May of the same year. /kloc-in the past three years, the development and construction of the park has maintained a sustained, rapid and healthy development trend. The main economic indicators have increased by about 40% annually, and the accumulated tax revenue paid to the central government, provinces and cities is 46 billion yuan. In 2006, the GDP of the whole region reached 68 billion yuan, an increase of 19%, exceeding the GDP of Qinghai Province. The local general budget revenue was 5.25 billion yuan, an increase of 26%; Investment in fixed assets was 39.5 billion yuan, an increase of11%; The total import and export volume was US$ 50 billion, of which exports were US$ 25 1 billion, up by 23% and 3 1% respectively. The newly registered foreign capital was US$ 3.8 billion, and the actually utilized foreign capital was US$10.60 billion, which kept growing steadily on a relatively high platform. At present, the park accounts for 4% of Suzhou's land and population, 7% of industrial electricity consumption, 15% of the city's GDP, local general budget revenue and fixed assets investment, 26% of registered foreign investment, 30% of foreign investment in accounts and 30% of total import and export.

Secondly, industrial parks play an increasingly important role in the development of industrial clusters. Industrial cluster is a major trend of industrial development in the 2 1 century, and the professional development and construction of industrial parks is the most important force to promote the development of industrial clusters. Based on certain regional conditions and resource endowments, the higher the industrial park's ability to gather various industries under the industrial chain, the stronger its core competitiveness, and the easier it is to form its own characteristics and brands, thus attracting more investors to gather under it. Bangalore Software Park in India, known as the Silicon Valley of Asia, is a prominent example. After 20 years of development, the park has become a world-famous IT industrial cluster, and IT giants such as Intel, Microsoft and Hewlett-Packard have R&D centers and production bases here. For another example, the professional development of industrial parks in China's Pearl River Delta has formed an industrial cluster dominated by computers and home appliances. More than 90% of computer parts, more than 80% of mobile phone parts and 100% of color TV parts can be purchased within 100 km. Promoting the development of industrial clusters in industrial parks can not only form resource highland, technology highland and talent highland, but also greatly improve the specialization and cooperation degree and output efficiency of auxiliary industries.

Third, industrial parks have become incubators for industrial upgrading and harmonious development. The development of the park economy will certainly drive the surrounding areas to urbanization to a certain extent, and the industrial park will gradually develop from a single industrial economic functional area to a multi-functional new city, which is the general trend of the industrial park development. In recent years, the actual situation of some excellent industrial parks has confirmed this change. Kunshan Industrial Park has been integrated with Kunshan City, Wuxi High-tech Industrial Park has been integrated with wuxi new district, and Yingkou Coastal Industrial Base even directly plans administrative center institutions such as municipal government, business district and living area in the core area of the first phase of the industrial park.

Fourth, the development of industrial parks has a great radiation and driving effect on the economic and social development of surrounding areas. 1955, the French development economist Peru put forward the theory of "growth pole". Its core point is that in economic growth, some leading departments or innovative enterprises or industries gather in some regions or big cities, forming a "growth pole" with highly concentrated capital and technology, economies of scale, rapid growth of itself and strong radiation effect on surrounding areas, which can be driven by the priority growth of regions with "growth poles" China has established a number of special economic zones with the government-driven development model, which has changed the geographical distribution characteristics of traditional industries in China and established a dynamic growth pole with emerging cities as the center and emerging industrial chain boundaries as the radius. Because the formation of this growth pole is obviously accidental, adopting the government-led development zone construction model in the late-developing areas can provide low-cost flow in the supply of funds, land, labor and other factors, thus accelerating the formation of this growth pole in this area. The growth pole will often bring huge technology spillover, thus changing the regional industrial structure and establishing regional competitive advantage.

Obviously, the development of industrial parks is not only to realize resource conversion, recycling, increase GDP, increase taxes and solve employment, but more importantly, industrial parks can improve the scientific and technological level and equipment level of the whole province by introducing and developing high-tech, and cultivate a group of high-quality scientific and technological and management talents, thus becoming an important industrial base for Qinghai's future sustainable development.