What are the ten main materials used in construction?

Construction materials can be divided into structural materials, decorative materials and certain specialized materials.

Structural materials include wood, bamboo, stone, cement, concrete, metal, masonry, ceramics, glass, engineering plastics, composites, etc.;

Decorative materials include all kinds of paints, coatings, plating, veneers, tiles of various colors, glass with special effects, etc.;

Specialized materials refer to those used for waterproofing, moisture-proofing, corrosion-proofing, fire prevention, fire-retardant, soundproofing, heat insulation, insulation, sealing, etc.

Extended information

Building materials

1, coarse aggregate. Coarse aggregate should be used with reasonable grading, good shape, uniform texture and solid, small coefficient of linear expansion of clean gravel, can also be used crushed pebbles or pebbles, should not be used sandstone gravel.

2, fine aggregate. Fine aggregate should be used with reasonable grade, uniform texture and solid, low water absorption, low void rate of clean natural medium-coarse river sand, but also can be used in specialized units of artificial sand production, not suitable for the use of sand, shall not use the sea sand.

3, cement. Cement is a powdered water-hard inorganic cementitious material. Mixed with water in the air or in the water hardening, and sand, stone and other materials firmly cemented together. Concrete made from gravel cemented with it is not only stronger after hardening, but also resistant to erosion by fresh or saline water.

4, fly ash is from the coal combustion flue gas captured in the fine ash, fly ash is the main solid waste discharged from coal-fired power plants. The use of fly ash gelling effect of part of the cement instead of cement in construction projects in large quantities, can reduce environmental pollution, waste utilization.

5, additives. Mainly high-efficiency alkaline water agent, used to improve the performance of concrete.

6, mineral powder will be crushed and processed products of ore, used to improve the performance of concrete.

Decorative materials

Decorative materials (finishing material): decoration of various types of civil engineering buildings to improve their functionality and aesthetics, to protect the main structure of the stability and durability of a variety of environmental factors in the building materials and products. Also known as decoration materials, finishing materials.

Mainly grass, wood, stone, sand, brick, tile, cement, gypsum, asbestos, lime, glass, mosaic, ceramics, paint and coating, paper, metal, plastic, fabrics, and a variety of composite products.

Divided into 3 main categories according to the main use: ground, interior walls, exterior walls.

Baidu Encyclopedia-Building Materials