The traditional surgical method for varicose veins is

First of all, secondary factors such as renal tumor, hydronephrosis, retroperitoneal tumor and ectopic blood vessels should be excluded. Surgical treatment of varicocele includes surgical treatment and interventional therapy (antegrade or retrograde).

Surgical treatment includes traditional inguinal ligation, retroperitoneal ligation, subgingival ligation, microsurgical inguinal ligation or subgingival ligation, laparoscopic spermatic vein ligation and so on.

Regardless of the severity of symptoms, primary VC with infertility or abnormal semen is the indication of treatment. At present, surgical treatments include high ligation of internal spermatic vein through inguinal canal, laparoscopic surgery, high ligation of internal spermatic vein through retroperitoneum, and interventional embolization of spermatic vein. Compared with inguinal canal surgery and laparoscopic surgery, retroperitoneal ligation of spermatic vein has the advantages of less surgical trauma, less damage to other blood vessels, less spermatic vein leakage, shorter operation time, lower operation cost, fewer postoperative complications and lower recurrence rate, and it is the first choice for the treatment of unilateral varicocele.

The improvement degree of semen parameters of patients treated by surgery combined with drugs is obviously better than that of patients treated by surgery alone.