How many years ago was Zhang Zhongjing?

Question 1: How many years ago was Four Great Classical Novels, a Chinese doctor and Four Great Classical Novels?

The four classics of traditional Chinese medicine refer to four classic works with important status and milestone significance in the history of the development of traditional Chinese medicine. The specific composition of the four classics is controversial. At present, the academic circles generally regard Huangdi Neijing, Difficult Classic, Treatise on Febrile Diseases and Shennong Herbal Classic as the four classics of Chinese medicine. There are also some Chinese medicine textbooks that regard Huangdi Neijing, Treatise on Febrile Diseases, Synopsis of the Golden Chamber and Treatise on Febrile Diseases as four classics. The former is widely used at present.

Huangdi Neijing, compiled during the Warring States Period, is the earliest extant monograph of TCM theory in China.

"Difficult Classics", formerly known as "Yellow Emperor's Eighty-one Difficult Classics", consists of three volumes, originally written by Qin Yueren, but according to textual research, this book was written before the Eastern Han Dynasty (Qin and Han Dynasties). Difficult Classics is a classic theory of China's traditional medicine. "Difficult classics" means "difficult classics".

Treatise on Febrile Diseases is a treatise on exogenous diseases and miscellaneous diseases. Zhang Zhongjing, a native of Nanyang at the end of the Eastern Han Dynasty, was written in 200-205 AD. Zhang Zhongjing's original Treatise on Febrile Diseases was edited as Treatise on Febrile Diseases by later generations during its circulation.

Synopsis of the Golden Chamber is a miscellaneous disease in Treatise on Febrile Diseases compiled by Wang Shuhe in the Western Jin Dynasty. Synopsis of the Golden Chamber is an ancient edition compiled by Wang Shuhe in the Jin Dynasty. Synopsis of the Golden Chamber is also the earliest monograph on the diagnosis and treatment of miscellaneous diseases in China.

Shennong's Classic of Materia Medica, referred to as Shennong's Classic of Materia Medica for short, has an unknown author and takes Shennong as an excuse. Shennong Ben Cao Jing is the earliest existing pharmacological monograph in China, and it is the first monograph in China that systematically summarizes the experience of early clinical medication, and has been praised as a classic of Chinese medicine in past dynasties. From ancient times to the present, there are different textual research results, some of which were written in the Qin and Han Dynasties and some in the Warring States Period, but the original work has long been lost, and the book we can see is the result of later generations' compilation.

Question 2: How old is it? Period and specific events ● Chapter 1 Prehistoric human beings.

5 million years ago to 5000 BC (5 million years ago to 5000 BC)

The evolution of early humans

The evolution of Australopithecus Australopithecus, early ape, late ape, early homo sapiens, late homo sapiens, Paleolithic and consanguineous families, the emergence of consanguineous families in the early Paleolithic, matriarchal clan commune and matriarchal clan commune, the prohibition of consanguineous marriage and the emergence of pairing marriage in the Neolithic. The emergence of primitive agriculture, primitive animal husbandry, patriarchal commune, private ownership, military democratic country, primitive society culture, primitive religion, primitive painting, primitive sculpture and primitive music.

The second chapter, the emergence of ancient civilization.

5000 BC ~ 500 BC

Asia (5000-500 BC)

Sumer? The establishment and unification of Akkadian city-state, the political structure of Sumerian temple, Akkadian's rule over the big economy, Ur III dynasty in the southern two river basins, the period of Babylonian kingdom, the rise of Babylonian kingdom, the rule of Hammurabi, the emergence and evolution of Assyrian empire, the establishment of Assyrian empire, the destruction of Assyria by the new Babylonian kingdom, the culture of ancient two river basins, cuneiform writing, forgotten one's epic, and the science and technology of ancient two river basins, Babylonian astronomy, Babylonian mathematical achievements, Phoenician civilization, the rise of Phoenicia, the development of Phoenician economy, the rise and fall of ancient Palestinian Hittites and Hittites, the emergence of ancient Palestinian unified Judaism, ancient Indian civilization, the emergence of early Halaba cultural classes and countries, the establishment of four Vedic Sanskrit languages, the establishment of sixteen Indian countries in various countries, the re-emergence of cities ruled by Morgato, and the emergence of new Buddhist thoughts of Shaman Sakyamuni. China's first dynasty ―― Xia Dynasty, Dayu's flood control, the emergence of class society, the founding of the country, Shao Kang's Zhongxing, Xia Jie's national subjugation, the rise and fall of Shang Dynasty, the agricultural production technology of Shang Dynasty, the magical Oracle Bone Inscriptions, the developed bronze culture, the Western Zhou Dynasty's hierarchical enfeoffment system under the rule of rites and music, the ritual system of the Duke of Zhou, the worship of ancestral temples in the Western Zhou Dynasty, the riots in China and the promotion of Wang Zhongxing and Shang Dynasty. "Pure and inaction" Taoism, the establishment of Confucianism by Confucius, the publication of Gong Ji, the rise and fall of the Persian Empire, the establishment of the Persian Empire, the reform of Darius I, Darius' foreign policy, the economy of the Persian Empire, and the decline of the Persian Empire.

Africa (5000-500 BC)

The emergence of the country and the early civilization of the pre-dynasty, the establishment of the Tiannis Dynasty, the economy and society of the ancient kingdom, the economy of the ancient kingdom, the disintegration of the ancient kingdom, the Pharaoh and the pyramid period, the first intermediate period and the people's uprising, the reunification of Egypt, the foreign war of the Chinese kingdom, the agriculture and handicrafts of the Chinese kingdom, the demise of the Chinese kingdom, the rise and fall of the new kingdom, the first 18 dynasty of the new kingdom, and the metallurgy and textile industry of the new kingdom. Developed commerce and overseas trade, religious reform in Okhennathan, hegemony between Laguan II and Hittites, decline of new kingdom, late Sethi Dynasty in Egypt, early economy of Egypt, Persian conquest of Egypt, Persian rule over Egypt, Egyptian people's resistance, struggle in late Persia, Egypt's demise, early hieroglyphics and totem worship of ancient Egyptian culture to nature worship, magnificent sculpture architecture, exquisite craftsmanship, art and developed astronomical calendar. Other civilizations in Africa, Saharan farming society, Nubian culture, Kelmai culture, the rise of Carthage civilization, Carthage's political system, Carthage's expansion in North Africa, and Carthage's trade and exploration.

Europe (5000 ~ 500 BC)

Aegean civilization, Crete civilization, Mycenae civilization, Mycenae's tomb, Trojan War, ancient Greek polis, emergence of state, formation of polis, formation of Sparta polis, formation of Athens polis, Solon reform, prosperity of Greek polis, post-war Greece-Poland, economic development of Greek polis, slavery, development of polis democracy, decline of Greek polis, maritime hegemony of Athens, Berbers. The hegemony and decline of Greek city-states in the later period, Greek culture in the classical period and before, Greek religion and mythology, developed drama, exquisite architecture and sculpture, historical prosperity and the rise of philosophy.

America (5000-500 BC)

Early American Civilization, Asian Immigrants, Olmec Civilization and Special Olympics >>

Question 3: Many years ago, the Eastern Han Dynasty (AD 25-220), together with the Western Han Dynasty, was a powerful unified feudal dynasty in ancient China.

In 25 years (the first year of Jianwu in the Eastern Han Dynasty), Liu Xiu, a royal family of the Western Han Dynasty who participated in the peasant uprising, proclaimed himself emperor, followed the name of the Han Dynasty and made Luoyang its capital, which was called the Eastern Han Dynasty in history. Liu Xiu is Emperor Guangwu of Han Dynasty.

/kloc-After the Yellow Scarf Uprising in 0/84, the Eastern Han Dynasty existed in name only. In 220 (the first year of Yankang in the Eastern Han Dynasty), Cao Pi abolished the Han emperor, proclaimed himself emperor, built Wei in Luoyang, and the Eastern Han Dynasty perished. After the twelfth emperor of the Eastern Han Dynasty, it enjoyed the national status of 195.

The Eastern Han Dynasty is an important stage in the development of science, technology and culture. Cai Lun improved papermaking; Zhang Heng invented armillary sphere and seismograph; Both Zhang Zhongjing and Hua Tuo have made great medical achievements. After Historical Records written by Sima Qian in the Western Han Dynasty, Han Shu written by Ban Gu in the Eastern Han Dynasty became another important historical masterpiece. The Eastern Han Dynasty also produced an outstanding materialist thinker Wang Chong.

Question 4: jiaozi originated in China and has a history of at least many years. Jiaozi originated in China and has a history of about 2,000 years.

Legend has it that jiaozi was invented by Zhang Zhongjing, a famous doctor in the Eastern Han Dynasty.

According to "Guangya" written by Zhang Yi, wei ren of the Three Kingdoms, there was a crescent-shaped food called "Wonton" at that time, which was basically similar to the shape of jiaozi now. By the time of the Northern and Southern Dynasties, wonton had been "shaped like a crescent moon, and it was delicious all over the world". Presumably, when jiaozi cooked it, he didn't take it out and eat it alone, but put it in a bowl with the soup, so people called jiaozi "wonton" at that time.

Jiaozi was called "Crescent Moon Wonton" in Tang Dynasty, "jiaozi" in Song Dynasty and "Flat Food" in Yuan Dynasty. The Qing Dynasty called it "Jiaozi".

Question 5: Who and What jiaozi was originally named "Joule", which was first invented by Zhang Zhongjing, a doctor in China.

At the end of the Eastern Han Dynasty, disasters were serious everywhere, and many people fell ill. There is a famous doctor in Nanyang named Zhang Ji and Zhong Jing. He studied medical books hard since childhood, learned from others and became the founder of traditional Chinese medicine. Zhang Zhongjing is not only good at medical skills, but also noble in medical ethics. He took the poor and the rich seriously and saved countless lives.

When Zhang Zhongjing was an official in Changsha, he often treated the people. One year, when the local plague was prevalent, he made a cauldron at the entrance of Yamen, giving up medicine to save people, which was deeply loved by Changsha people. After Zhang Zhongjing retired from Changsha and returned to his hometown, he walked to the shore of the Baihe River in his hometown and saw many poor people hungry and cold, and their ears were frozen. He was very upset and determined to treat them. When Zhang Zhongjing came home, many people sought medical treatment. He is as busy as a bee, but he always remembers those poor people with frozen ears. He followed Changsha's example and told his disciples to build a medical shed and cauldron in an open space in Dongguan, Nanyang, and open it on the day of winter solstice to send medicine to the poor to treat their injuries.

Zhang Zhongjing's medicine is called "Quhan Joule Decoction". Its practice is to put mutton, pepper and some herbs to remove cold into a pot and cook them. After cooking, take these things out and chop them up, and make them into ear-shaped "Joules" with leather bags. After cooking in the pot, it will be distributed to patients who ask for medicine. Everyone has two charming ears and a bowl of soup. After eating Quhan decoction, people feel feverish all over, their qi and blood are smooth, and their ears are warm. After eating it for a while, the patient's rotten ears healed.

Zhang Zhongjing didn't give up taking medicine until New Year's Eve. On the first day of the new year, people celebrate the new year and the recovery of rotten ears. They cook New Year's food like Joules and eat it on the first morning. People call this kind of food "jiaozi's Ear", "jiaozi" or partial eclipse, and eat it on the winter solstice and the first day of the New Year to commemorate the day when Zhang Zhongjing opened the shed to give medicine and cure patients.

Zhang Zhongjing's history is nearly 1800 years ago, but his story of "Quhan Joule Decoction" has been widely circulated among the people. On the solstice of winter and the first day of New Year's Day, people eat jiaozi, and they still remember Zhang Zhongjing's kindness in their hearts. Today, we don't need charming ears to cure frozen ears, but jiaozi has become the most common and favorite food for people.

Question 6: Do you know how long the history of jiaozi is? Jiaozi originated from an ancient corner, also known as jiaozi. It is said that it was first invented by China medical sage Zhang Zhongjing (about150 ~154—about 2 15 ~ 2 19).

If the rumor is reliable, it has been more than 1800 years since jiaozi was born, but the earliest usage of jiaozi is not edible, but medicinal. According to legend, Zhang Zhongjing used dough to wrap some drugs to treat diseases, so as to prevent patients from taking drugs because of bitter taste;

Jiaozi really became a delicacy on the table, dating back to the Three Kingdoms period at the earliest, and it was not until the Southern and Northern Dynasties that it began to "eat all the delicacies in the world"; If traced back to food, it should have a history of 1700 years.

To sum up, around 1800 is a more accurate time.

Question 7: Please answer this question. Jiaozi was originally named "Joule", which is said to have been first invented by Zhang Zhongjing, a medical sage in China. The story of his "Quhan Joule Decoction" has spread among the people to this day.

According to legend, when Zhang Zhongjing was the magistrate of Changsha, he often treated the people. One year, when the local plague was prevalent, he made a cauldron at the entrance of Yamen, giving up medicine to save people, which was deeply loved by Changsha people. After Zhang Zhongjing retired from Changsha, he just caught up with the winter solstice and walked to the shore of the Baihe River in his hometown. He saw that many poor people were hungry and cold, and their ears were frozen. It turned out that typhoid fever was prevalent at that time and many people died. He was very upset and determined to treat them. When Zhang Zhongjing came home, many people sought medical treatment. He is as busy as a bee, but he always remembers those poor people with frozen ears. He followed Changsha's example and told his disciples to build a medical shed and cauldron in an open space in Dongguan, Nanyang, and open it on the day of winter solstice to send medicine to the poor to treat their injuries.

Zhang Zhongjing's Quhan Joule Decoction is a summary of more than 300 years of clinical practice in Han Dynasty. Its practice is to put mutton, pepper and some cold-dispelling medicinal materials into a pot and cook them, then take them out and chop them up, make them into ear-shaped Joules with flour bags, put them into a pot and cook them and distribute them to patients seeking medicine. Everyone has two charming ears and a bowl of soup. After eating Quhan decoction, people feel feverish all over, their qi and blood are smooth, and their ears are warm. People eat from the solstice of winter to New Year's Eve, fighting typhoid fever and curing frozen ears.

Zhang Zhongjing didn't give up taking medicine until New Year's Eve. On the first day of New Year's Day, people celebrate the New Year and the recovery of rotten ears. They cook food for the New Year like burnt ears and eat it on the first morning. People call this kind of food "jiaozi", "jiaozi" or "flat food" and eat it on the solstice of winter and the first day of New Year to commemorate the day when Zhang Zhongjing opened the shed to deliver medicine and treat patients.

Zhang Zhongjing's history is nearly 1800 years ago, but his story of "Quhan Joule Decoction" has been widely circulated among the people. On the solstice of winter and the first day of New Year's Day, people eat jiaozi, and they still remember Zhang Zhongjing's kindness in their hearts. Today, we don't need charming ears to cure frozen ears, but jiaozi has become the most common and favorite food for people.

Question 8: What is Zhang Zhongjing's wonderful hand rejuvenation? 1. The origin of the name 183 1 Years ago, a boy was born in Zhangjia, a big village called Nieyang on the north bank of Nieshui in ancient Nanyang County. At the full moon, the whole family 100 people came to congratulate. Everyone was full of praise when they saw that the child was beautiful and lovely. The elders of several ethnic groups repeatedly urged the father of the child to say, "The child is so smart that he can afford a good name!" " Father looked down, immediately raised his head and said with a smile, "I think we should take a single name' Ji'." What does my father think? " As soon as the voice fell, I saw a brother Zhang Bozu clapping his hands and whispered, "Zhang Ji, Zhang Ji." Suddenly loudly praised: "Piece of cake! It's the apple of our Zhang family's eye! " When everyone heard him shout, they froze at first and immediately understood: "Isn't it just a bead?" Good name! "Happy people have picked up the glasses on the table and drank to this lovely child and the beautiful name of the child.

This child, Zhang Ji, a great physician who became famous at home and abroad and was honored as a medical saint by later generations, was born in 15O.

2. Not for a good photo, but also for a smart and diligent doctor, Zhong Jing. After enlightenment, he not only studied hard what ordinary children should learn, but also enjoyed extensive reading, especially the medical works left by his predecessors. At that time, there were often plagues in Nanyang. Every time the plague came, I don't know how many people would die. Light people cry from village to village, and every family wears filial piety; On the other hand, the roads are sparsely populated and the countryside is deserted. When I was a child, Zhang Ji often thought, "If I were a doctor, it would be great to cure these people's diseases!"

Zhang Zhongjing is known as a medical sage with a wonderful hand to rejuvenate.

The information is as follows, please refer to it. Zhang Zhongjing's uncle Zhang Bozu was a famous doctor in Nanyang at that time and often went out to treat diseases. One day, a farmer in a neighboring village got typhoid fever and invited Zhang Bozu to see it. Zhang Zhongjing happened to be at his uncle's house, so Zhang Bozu took Zhang Zhongjing to make a diagnosis and treatment. The patient recovered quickly after taking the medicine. Zhang Zhongjing was amazed to see his uncle's superb medical skills. He asked enviously, "How did you learn my uncle's excellent medical skills?" Hearing this, Zhang Bozu smiled and said, "I have been practicing medicine for so many years, and I have little experience to say, but I have realized that if you want to become a doctor, you must be diligent in seeking medical advice and learn from others."

Zhang Zhongjing suddenly realized that "seeking ancient teachings diligently and learning from all sides", so he worshipped Zhang Bozu as a teacher to study medicine and research prescriptions, and determined to be a good doctor who can "cure the diseases of relatives, save the poor and practice medicine, and keep healthy in China".

From then on, apart from studying medical books at home, Zhang Zhongjing went out to treat diseases with Zhang Bozu whenever he had the opportunity, and verified the medical theories learned in books through practice, which deepened his understanding of medical theories and enriched his clinical experience. In the evening, I humbly and sincerely ask Zhang Bozu to teach medical skills. In this way, day after day, year after year, three years passed unconsciously. Under the guidance of the teacher, Zhang Zhongjing finished reading Neijing, Difficult Classics and other books. I usually pay attention to observing everywhere and collect many remedies for treating diseases. Zhang Bozu was so happy to see Zhang Zhongjing so diligent and eager to learn, so he taught him all his skills.

Zhang Zhongjing, a teenager, worshipped Zhang Bozu as his teacher, studied medical skills diligently, and was determined to treat the people. This matter soon spread in Nanyang County. One day, Zhongjing went to visit He Jian, a celebrity in the same county in North Korea at that time. After talking with him, He J found that his ambition was very firm, and he said cheerfully to Zhang Zhongjing, "You love medicine so much, and you are so smart and diligent. When you grow up, you may not achieve much whether you are an official or writing poems. However, you will definitely become a famous doctor. " Zhong Jing said with a smile, "If you advance, you will save the world, and if you retreat, you will save the people. You can't be a good doctor, but you must be a good doctor. "

3. The story of practicing medicine

After several years of hard study, Zhang Zhongjing's medical skills have improved rapidly and he is famous in the county. More and more people seek his treatment. He never puts on airs, and he is most opposed to "pursuing fame and profit". No matter poor, rich, expensive, cheap, day or night, as long as someone comes to see him for treatment, he will go at once and make a serious diagnosis. Even when he met a patient when he went out to get medicine, he took the initiative to treat others. One summer, Zhang Zhongjing went to Tongbai Mountain to collect herbs. When he passed a village at the foot of the mountain, he heard crying. When he inquired, it turned out that there was a plague in this village and many people died. There was a family where the old couple had only one son, but they happened to have an epidemic and were unconscious. The old couple were helpless and cried their eyes out. Neighbors came to visit and saw the child so sick ... >>

Question 9: What does Joule mean? Jiaozi is a traditional food that our people love. Its production method is to make a thin and soft dumpling skin with flour, and then chop up fresh meat, cabbage and so on. Mix with seasoning to make stuffing, wrap it up and cook it in a pot until jiaozi comes to the surface. It is characterized by thin skin and tender stuffing, delicious taste, unique shape and wide appetite.

Jiaozi, formerly known as Joule, was first invented by Zhang Zhongjing, a doctor in China.

At the end of the Eastern Han Dynasty, disasters were serious everywhere, and many people fell ill. There is a famous doctor in Nanyang named Zhang Ji and Zhong Jing. He studied medical books hard since childhood, learned from others and became the founder of traditional Chinese medicine. Zhang Zhongjing is not only good at medical skills, but also noble in medical ethics. He took the poor and the rich seriously and saved countless lives.

When Zhang Zhongjing was an official in Changsha, he often treated the people. One year, when the local plague was prevalent, he made a cauldron at the entrance of Yamen, giving up medicine to save people, which was deeply loved by Changsha people. After Zhang Zhongjing retired from Changsha and returned to his hometown, he walked to the shore of the Baihe River in his hometown and saw many poor people hungry and cold, and their ears were frozen. He was very upset and determined to treat them. When Zhang Zhongjing came home, many people sought medical treatment. He is as busy as a bee, but he always remembers those poor people with frozen ears. He followed Changsha's example and told his disciples to build a medical shed and cauldron in an open space in Dongguan, Nanyang, and open it on the day of winter solstice to send medicine to the poor to treat their injuries.

Zhang Zhongjing's medicine is called "Quhan Joule Decoction". Its practice is to put mutton, pepper and some herbs to remove cold into a pot and cook them. After cooking, take these things out and chop them up, make them into ear-shaped "Joules" with flour bags, cook them in a pot and distribute them to patients who ask for medicine. Everyone has two charming ears and a bowl of soup. After eating Quhan decoction, people feel feverish all over, their qi and blood are smooth, and their ears are warm. After eating it for a while, the patient's rotten ears healed.

Zhang Zhongjing didn't give up taking medicine until New Year's Eve. On the first day of the new year, people celebrate the new year and the recovery of rotten ears. They cook New Year's food like Joules and eat it on the first morning. People call this kind of food "jiaozi's Ear", "jiaozi" or partial eclipse, and eat it on the winter solstice and the first day of the New Year to commemorate the day when Zhang Zhongjing opened the shed to give medicine and cure patients.

Zhang Zhongjing's history is nearly 1800 years ago, but his story of "Quhan Joule Decoction" has been widely circulated among the people. On the solstice of winter and the first day of New Year's Day, people eat jiaozi, and they still remember Zhang Zhongjing's kindness in their hearts. Today, we don't need charming ears to treat frozen ears, but jiaozi has become the most common and favorite food for people.

Question 10: What doctors were called "medical saints" in ancient China? On the Fourteen Saints in Ancient China.

First, the wine saint Du Kang

Records of Baishui County in Ming and Qing Dynasties recorded that "Du Kang, whose real name was Zhongyu, was a Kangjiawei native of our county and was good at making wine". The spring water in Du Kang Gully "still gushed weakly until winter, and flowed for four miles into Baishui River. The villagers said that the water still smells of wine. " According to legend, Du Kang took some water to make wine, and there are words to prove it: "He is a city wine, full of wine; Liquor alone cures diseases. Therefore, drinking all day long, not indulging; Take it for life and get the sum of qi and blood. A hundred miles away, sell more white wine. Xianze's heritage is unique to the local area. It is also obvious that the remains have been preserved along the trough. "

Du died in Baishui, which is the pride of Baishui people. Du Kang's wine has produced simple customs and ancient white water culture. During the Ming and Qing Dynasties and the Republic of China, there were thousands of boiled pots and four wineries. During the Three Kingdoms period, Cao Cao sang the eternal swan song "Bold and unforgettable, how to solve the worries, only Du Kang": Du Fu, a poet in the Tang Dynasty, wrote beautiful poems "Late at night, the moonlight shines on Baishui Mountain" and "Du Jiu often remonstrates"; Pi Rixiu, a poet in the late Tang Dynasty, also sang the quatrains louder, and the Du Kang language is empty, so the fragrant Du Kang wine spread all over the Loess Plateau.

Second, Wen Sheng Confucius.

Confucius (55 BC1~ 479 BC) was named Zhong Ni. A great thinker, educator and founder of Confucianism in the late Spring and Autumn Period. Lu people. He was the founder of the Confucian school and put forward the idea of "benevolence". He was a famous thinker and educator in ancient China.

He is studious, knowledgeable and versatile. He initiated the atmosphere of private lectures, and recruited disciples, regardless of wealth. It is said that there are 3000 disciples, 72 of whom are excellent. He became an emissary of cultural exchange. He traveled around the world, and devoted himself to the collation and dissemination of ancient documents, education, sorting out ancient classics such as poems and books, and deleting Chunqiu in his later years. Its students recorded their thoughts and actions in The Analects.

Through lifelong advocacy and the development of Confucianism in past dynasties, Confucius made China's Confucianism the mainstream of China culture and the guiding ideology of China people for more than 2,000 years. The core of Confucius' ideological system is the rule of virtue, and he persistently advocates a benign society and a benign life. The highest standard of Dehua society is "courtesy", and the highest value of Dehua life is "benevolence". Confucius taught people to actively pursue "don't do to others what you don't want them to do to you" and "don't do to others what you don't want them to do to you", so as to establish a correct outlook on life and correctly handle the relationship between people. Confucius advocated the teaching of "harmony between man and nature" to deal with the relationship between man and nature. He also expounded and spread the truth that people should not only be kind to people, but also love things. Confucius advocated that the country should implement the moral policy of "teaching the rich" to develop society and culture. Confucius believes that the highest achievement of civilization lies in cultivating ideal personality to create an ideal society, and by practicing "inner saints and outer kings", the realm of "the world is public" and "the world is a family" can be achieved. Because of Confucius' outstanding contribution and far-reaching influence, he was respected by the people of China as the most sacred teacher and a teacher for generations.

Third, Shi Sheng Sima Qian.

Before Sima Qian-145 or 135 ~? Historians and writers of the Western Han Dynasty. Zichang, Zuo Fengyi, was born in xia yang (now southwest of Hancheng, Shaanxi). Born in the fifth year of Emperor Jing of the Han Dynasty (BC 145), it is said that he was born in the sixth year of Emperor Jian Yuan of the Han Dynasty (BC 135), and the date of his death cannot be verified. Sima Qian 10 years old began to study ancient literature biographies. During Yuan Guang and Yuan Shuo of Han Dynasty, he studied under the modern writer Dong Zhongshu's "The Spring and Autumn Annals of the Ram" and the ancient prose writer Kong Anguo. At the age of 20, he roamed south from Chang 'an, the capital, and traveled all over the Jianghuai Valley and the Central Plains, where he visited local customs and collected legends. Soon, he became a doctor, bodyguard and retinue of Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty, and accompanied him to the Western Seas many times, and sent envoys to Bashu. In the third year of Yuanfeng (BC 108), Sima Tan, the stepfather of Sima Qian, was the official of Taishi, in charge of astronomical calendar and royal atlas, so it depends on the books collected by historians. In the first year of Taichu (before 104), he, Luo and others customized calendars to replace the Zhuan Xu calendar inherited by Qin, and the new calendar adapted to the needs of the society at that time. From then on, Sima Qian began to write historical records. Later, he was convicted, imprisoned and rotted for defending Li Ling who surrendered to Xiongnu.

After he was released from prison, he worked as a secretary, continued to write angrily, and finally finished the writing of Historical Records. People call his book Taishi Gongshu. It is the first biography of China, which has a far-reaching influence on later historiography. Historical Records is an excellent literary work with vivid language and vivid image. Sima Qian also wrote a book, Bao Ren 'an, describing his imprisonment and his ambition to write a book, which was praised by all previous dynasties.

Sima Qian is a great historian in the history of China ...