Who has a brief introduction of various operas in China?

1, Kunqu Opera, also known as "Kunqu Opera" and "Kunqu Opera", is an ancient opera. Originated in Kunshan, Jiangsu Province, it became popular after the middle of Ming Dynasty. At that time, most of the legendary operas were sung by Kunqu Opera. In addition to maintaining the characteristics of early Kunqu Opera, Nankun has formed many branches in China, such as Kunyi in the north, Xiang Kun, Chuankun and so on. Kunqu Opera, with its graceful and soft style, delicate and lyrical performance, singing and dancing, and rigorous program, is the representative of China classical operas. 2. The treble is the general name of China traditional opera tune system. Because it originated in Yiyang, Jiangxi, it was originally named "Yiyang Opera" or "Yi Opera". It is characterized by simple performance, popular lyrics, high-pitched and exciting singing, one person singing while everyone is in harmony, and only golden drums are used to play festivals without orchestral accompaniment. Since the middle of the Ming Dynasty, it has spread from Jiangxi to all parts of the country, and has formed high-pitched operas in different styles, such as Sichuan Opera, xiang opera Opera and Gan Opera. 3. Bangzi Opera Bangzi Opera is the floorboard of traditional opera vocal cavity system. It originated from "Shaanxi Bangzi" at the junction of Shanxi and Shaanxi, and is characterized by high-pitched and powerful singing and high-five with wooden bangzi. Then it developed eastward and southward, forming different forms of Bangzi cavity in different areas, such as Shanxi Bangzi, Hebei Bangzi, Henan Bangzi and Shandong Bangzi. 4. Beijing Opera Beijing Opera, also known as "Pihuang", consists of two basic tones: "Xipi" and "Huang Er". It also sings some local minor tunes (such as Liu Zi Opera and Blowing Cavity) and Kunqu Qupai. 1840 was formed in Beijing and prevailed in 1930s and 40s. It is sometimes called "National Opera". It is still a big drama with national influence. It is the representative of China modern opera, with comprehensive business, mature performance and magnificent momentum. 5. Pingju Pingju was formed in the late Qing Dynasty on the basis of the ditty "Opposite Lotus Fall" in Luanxian County, Hebei Province. It was first popular in rural areas of Hebei province, and then entered Tangshan, and was called "Tangshan Xiazi". It was popular in Northeast China around the 1920s, and a number of actresses appeared. After 1930s, under the influence of Peking Opera and Hebei Bangzi, Pingju became more and more mature, and schools such as Bai, Cailian and Ai Lianjun appeared. After 1950, Liu Qiaoer, Flowers as Media, Yang Sanjie's Complaints, Qin Xianglian and other plays had a great influence throughout the country, with new, famous and famous actors appearing. Pingju is still very popular in Hebei and Beijing. 6. Hebei Bangzi Hebei Bangzi is a popular opera in Hebei and Beijing. It originated from Shanshan Bangzi at the junction of Shanshan and Shaanxi, and was introduced to Hebei via Shanxi. It was formed by combining Hebei dialect and Beijing dialect. It keeps the characteristics of bangqiang, sings loudly and violently, and is good at performing tragic plots. Hebei Bangzi's famous dramas include Butterfly Cup, Yuanmen Chopper, Du Shiniang and so on. 7. Jin Dialect Jin Dialect, also known as "Middle Road Bangzi", was developed from Shanshan Bangzi at the junction of Shanxi and Shaanxi to Shanxi, and was formed by combining the characteristics of Shanxi language. Now it is popular in central Shanxi, Inner Mongolia and Hebei. It keeps the characteristics of clapping with the beat, and its musical style is not only high-pitched, but also gentle and delicate. The performance is simple and popular. Famous plays include Golden Branch, Little Banquet and Selling Paintings to Open the Door. 8. Pu Opera Pu Opera, also known as "Zhou Pu Bangzi", was developed from Shanshan Bangzi at the junction of Shanxi and Shaanxi, and was the original Shanshan Bangzi. Now it is popular in the southwest of Shanxi, Shaanxi and Henan, with a similar accent and Shaanxi dialect. Famous dramas include hanging pictures, killing dogs and killing post stations. 9. Shangdang Bangzi Shangdang Bangzi, one of the four major bangzi in Shanxi, was developed from Zhou Pu Bangzi in southwest Shanxi and is popular in Shangdang area in southeast Shanxi. Besides Bangzi, it also sings Kunqu Opera, Pihuang Opera and Luoluo Opera. Plays include "Three Customs Banquet" and "East Gate Meeting". 10, Yan Opera Yan Opera, also known as "North Road Bangzi", developed from "Zhou Pu Bangzi" and is popular in northwest Shanxi, Zhangjiakou, Hebei and Inner Mongolia. It is said that it has a great influence on the formation of Hebei Bangzi. Dramas include Bloody Handprints and Jinshui Bridge. 1 1, Shaanxi opera, also known as "Shaanxi Bangzi", is the earliest Bangzi opera, which was formed in the middle of Ming Dynasty. His performance is rough and simple, his singing is loud and exciting, his voice is like a roar, and he is good at expressing tragic plots. The repertoires include Butterfly Cup, You Gui Shan, Three Drops of Blood and so on. 12, Errentai Errentai is a popular opera in Inner Mongolia, Shanxi and Zhangjiakou, Hebei. It was formed on the basis of Inner Mongolia folk songs and Shanxi folk tunes, and later it absorbed the performance elements of Jin Opera and became mature. The performance is full of life and the lyrics are well-known. Most of the dramas are small dramas that show rural life, such as "Walking West" and "Five Brothers Grazing Sheep". 13, Jiju Jiju, a popular drama in Jilin Province. Developed in the 1950s on the basis of the "Errenzhuan" in Northeast China, the tune is light, the words and expressions are popular, the performances are simple and popular, and there are plays such as selling lines in Yan Qing and Bao Gong's Compensation. 14, Longjiang Opera Longjiang Opera, popular in Heilongjiang Province, was formed on the basis of "duet", shadow play, and local folk songs in the northeast in the 1950s, with relaxed and humorous performances and popular lyrics. Plays include Shuang Suoshan and Baoyu in the Wasted Capital. 15, Henan Opera, also known as "Henan Bangzi". Shaanxi Bangzi, which was introduced to Henan in the late Ming Dynasty, was developed by combining Henan dialect and folk tunes, and is now popular in Henan, Hebei, Shanxi, Shandong and other provinces. At first, there were four schools, namely Eastern Henan, Western Henan, Xiangfu and Sha Hetiao. At present, eastern Henan and western Henan are the main areas. Chang Xiangyu, Chen Suzhen, Cui Lantian, Ma Jinfeng, Yan Lipin and other famous actresses appeared in succession. The repertoires include Mu in Command, Matchmaker, Hua Da Chao, Hua Zhuan Gun and modern drama Chaoyanggou. 16, Yue Diao Yue Diao, Henan local opera, popular in Henan and northern Hubei. It is also called "Gu Si String" because it is the main accompaniment instrument. Music is dominated by banqiang, and qupai is also sung. Famous actors include Shen et al. Plays include Jiang Wei, Li Tianbao's Wedding Clothes, and Zhuge Liang's Funeral. 17, Henan Quju Henan Quju is a local opera in Henan Province, popular in Henan Province and northwest Hubei Province, and developed from the folk art "Henan Quzi". Singing softly and tactfully, he is good at tragic content. Plays include Tong, Chen Sanliang and Hua Ting Hui. 18, Shandong Bangzi Shandong Bangzi is a local opera in Shandong Province, which is popular in Heze, Shandong Province. Because of its ancient name "Cao Zhou", it is also called "Cao Zhou Bangzi". This bangzi system was formed after Shanshan Bangzi was introduced to Shandong via Henan. The main play is The Story of the Wall. 19, Shandong Opera is a local opera in Shandong Province, which is popular in central Shandong, Jiangsu and Henan. At the beginning of the 20th century, it was developed from the folk rap art "Shandong", and 1950 was named "Lu Opera". Lu opera performance is full of life, popular and simple, simple singing, easy to learn and sing. Therefore, Lu Opera has a great influence in the vast rural areas. Dramas include The Borrowing of the King, Sister Xian and The Remarriage of Li Ernian. 20. Huai Opera Huai Opera is a local opera in Jiangsu Province, which is popular in Jiangsu, Shanghai and Anhui. It originated from Jiangsu folk drama, and then absorbed the artistic factors of Huizhou opera, and gradually developed and matured. His performance was crude and simple. The repertoire includes the traditional repertoire "Female Judge", "Three Women Grab the Board" and the new drama "Golden Dragon and the Ephemera". 2 1 Shanghai Opera Shanghai Opera is a popular local opera in Shanghai, which originated from the folk songs in Pudong, Shanghai, and later formed the beach spring tune in Shanghai, and was influenced by the beach spring tune in Suzhou. In 1930s, it was performed in Shanghai in the form of civilized drama, and it was named Shanghai Opera. Most of the plays are modern themes, such as laughing and crying, marriage, arhat money and Lu Danghuo. 22, burlesque burlesque, popular in Jiangsu, Shanghai, Zhejiang and other places. "One-man show" originated in Shanghai, and later developed into a farce with complicated tunes and funny performances. The main repertoires are San Mao's Students' Intention and 123 trot. 23. Yue Opera Yue Opera is a local opera popular in Zhejiang. Originated in "Duban" in Shengxian County, Zhejiang Province, it entered Shanghai around 19 16 and performed in the name of "Shaoxing Literary Opera". First it was dominated by actors, then it became dominated by actresses. After 1938, use the name "Yue Opera". During the period of 1942, the actors of Yue Opera, led by Yuan Xuefen, reformed their performance and singing, absorbed the advantages of Kunqu Opera, and formed a gentle and delicate performance style. There are many artistic schools, such as Yuan (Xuefen) School, Yin () School, Fan (Ruijuan) School, Fu (Quanxiang) School and Xu (Yulan) School. Yue operas include Xianglinsao, butterfly lovers, A Dream of Red Mansions, Five Birthday Women, The West Chamber and so on. 24. Wu Opera Wu Opera is a local opera popular in Jinhua, Zhejiang Province, also known as "Jinhua Opera". This is a multi-part opera. Its vocal cavity is composed of Gao Qiang, Kunqu Opera, Tan Chun and Hui Diao, each with its own repertoire and performance characteristics. Plays include Monks and nuns' Meeting, Peony Coming to Class, Broken Bridge, etc. 25. Shao Opera Shao Opera is a local opera popular in Shaoxing and Ningbo, Zhejiang Province, which was formed in the late Ming Dynasty. With "357" and "Fan Er" as the main vocal cavity, he is good at martial arts in performance, and his style is rough and simple. Plays include Monkey King Thrice Defeats the Skeleton Demon, Long Hudou, Hanging Impermanence, etc. 26. Anhui Opera, popular in Anhui, Jiangsu and other regions, was formed in the middle of the Qing Dynasty and is a multi-voice drama. The main voices are plucking, blowing and Huang Er, and they also sing Kunqu, Gaoqiang and Xipi. 1790, Huiban went to Beijing to celebrate Qianlong's birthday, which later evolved into Peking Opera. Most of the plays are historical themes, such as Seven Armies under Water, which is adapted from Romance of the Three Kingdoms. 27. Huangmei Opera Huangmei Opera originated in Anhui and is popular in Anhui, Jiangxi and Hubei. Its predecessor was the tea-picking tune in Huangmei area. After the middle of Qing Dynasty, a folk opera called "Huangmei tune" was formed, which was sung in Anqing dialect. In 1950s, under the reform of Yan Fengying and others, Anhui Opera became more and more mature and developed into an Anhui local opera. Famous plays include The Fairy Match, The Cowherd and the Weaver Girl, The Woman Xu and so on. 28. Fujian Opera Fujian Opera is a popular opera in Fujian. It rose in the middle of Ming dynasty and basically took shape in Qing dynasty, but on a smaller scale. At the beginning of the 20th century, the influence of Peking Opera became more and more great, and the vocal cavity was basically complete, including five kinds: funny cavity, foreign cavity, Jianghu, minor and bango. Plays include Lian Yin and Swan Banquet. 29. Puxian Opera Puxian Opera, a local opera in Fujian, was originally named "Xinghua Opera". It was fully mature in the middle of the Ming Dynasty and was popular in Putian and Xianyou. The music is Qupai style, and the performance is quite quaint and lyrical. Plays include Zhang Xie's No.1 Scholar, After Reunion, Spring Grass Running to the Moon Hall and so on. 30. Liyuan Opera Liyuan Opera is a kind of opera with a long history and can be said to be a "living fossil" of opera. Many southern operas in the Song and Yuan Dynasties have been preserved, such as ghosts, Jing, Liu, worship and killing in Zhu Wen. After 1950s, Dong Sheng, Shi Li and Yin Jiefu were edited and performed. 3 1, Gaojia Opera Gaojia Opera, popular in Jinjiang and Longxi areas of Fujian, originated in the middle of Qing Dynasty, and gradually formed a scale after absorbing the performance factors and repertoire of Liyuan Opera. In the 1920s, influenced by Peking Opera, it gradually matured. Its main business is clowns, and its performances are like puppets, which are very distinctive. The plays include "Continuously Ascending to Level 3" and "Jin Kuixing". 32. Gan Opera Gan Opera is popular in the northeast of Jiangxi Province and developed from Yiyang Opera in the Ming Dynasty. It is a kind of drama composed of Yiyang Opera, Qingyang Opera, Kunqu Opera and Luantan Opera. Plays include Dou Eyuan, Chai Jing Ji, Pearl Ji, Rebirth Ji and so on. 33. Tea-picking Opera Tea-picking Opera is a kind of opera popular all over Jiangxi, which is mainly developed by combining songs sung by local tea farmers with folk songs and dances. Jiangxi Tea-picking Opera is divided into East, South, West, North and China, and has its own characteristics in performance. Plays include Sun Cheng Da Jiu and so on. 34. Han Opera Han Opera generally refers to operas popular in Hubei, Henan, Shaanxi and other places. It originated in Hubei and was originally called "Chu tune" or "Han tune". The main melody is Xipi tune, and Huang Er tune is also sung. It has a history of nearly 300 years. The main plays are Frontline of the Universe, Two Plums, Shen Tao University, etc. In addition, there are Han operas in Changde, Hunan and Guangdong, all of which are multi-cavity operas, which are very different from those in Hubei. 35. xiang opera xiang opera is a local opera in Hunan Province, which is popular in Changsha and Xiangtan. It originated from Yiyang Opera in the Ming Dynasty, and later absorbed Kunqu Opera and Pihuang Opera, forming a multi-cavity opera including high-pitched, low-pitched, Kunqu Opera and random play. Plays are mainly high-pitched and casual, such as Pipa, White Rabbit and Yue Bai. 36. Qi Opera Qi Opera, also known as "Qiyang Opera", is popular in Qiyang and Shaoyang, Hunan. Originated from Yiyang Opera in Ming Dynasty, the vocal cavity is dominated by high notes, and it also sings Kunqu Opera and Opera. The repertoires include Biography of Mulian, Biography of Zhongjing, Master Play and Guanyin Play. 37. Hunan Huagu Opera Hunan Huagu Opera is the general name of Huagu and Lantern Opera in Hunan, including Changsha Huagu, Yueyang Huagu, Changde Huagu, Hengyang Huagu and Shaoyang Huagu. They have different stage languages and formed their own styles. The performances of ancient paintings are simple, cheerful and lively, with xiaosheng, Xiao Dan and clown as the main businesses, and they are good at using fans' towels. Plays include Shooting Birds and Chopping firewood with bangs. 38. Cantonese Opera Cantonese Opera is popular in Guangdong, Hong Kong and Southeast Asia. Formed in the early Qing Dynasty, it was a combination of high-pitched tune, Kunqu opera, yellow skin and bangzi imported from other places and local folk music. Music is both a board cavity and a musical style. Plays include Search College and Guan Hanqing. Chaozhou Opera Chaozhou Opera is popular in Shantou, southern Fujian and Taiwan Province Province. Mainly influenced by Yang Opera, Kunqu Opera and Han Opera imported from other places, it was formed in the middle of Ming Dynasty, and many works of Song and Yuan Dynasties were preserved in the repertoire, such as Chen Sanwu Niang, Sweeping the Window, Lulin Hui and so on. 40. Guangxi Opera is popular in northeastern Guangxi and southern Hunan, and was formed in the late Ming and early Qing dynasties. Its singing method is mainly Pihuang, and it also sings Kunqu opera, Gao Qiang and Chuiqiang. Plays include grabbing umbrellas, picking up jade bracelets, cabinets and so on. 4 1, color tone and color tone, formerly known as "tune" or "tea picking", is popular in Guangxi. Formed on the basis of local folk songs and dances, it has a history of nearly 200 years. 1955 was named "Caidiao". Its performance is free and lively, full of life. The most famous play is Third Sister Liu. 42. Zhuang Opera Zhuang Opera, popular in Guangxi, Yunnan and other Zhuang inhabited areas, is divided into South Road and North Road. The former originated from the local "bench play", and its main plays are Long Wen and Xiao Ni. The latter originated from "Double Spring Opera", and its main play is "Treasure Hulu". 43. Sichuan Opera Sichuan Opera is a local opera in Sichuan Province, which is popular in Sichuan and its surrounding areas. It consists of Kunqu Opera, Gaoqiang Opera, Huqin Opera, Tanxi Opera and Dengxi Opera, each with its own repertoire. Sichuan opera has a high-pitched and exciting singing voice, humorous performances and a strong flavor of life. The main repertoires include the traditional repertoire "Hosta", "The Story of Liu Yin" and "Capturing Wang Kui alive", as well as the new repertoires "Dead Water", "FACE/OFF" and "Gold". 44. Guizhou Opera Guizhou Opera is a local opera popular in Guizhou Province. It is developed from the folk art "Qin Wen", mainly accompanied by dulcimer, and has strong local characteristics. Plays include Zhu Niang Lang Mei and Mrs. Luxury Fragrance. 45. Yunnan Opera Yunnan Opera is a local opera popular in Yunnan and parts of Sichuan and Guizhou, which was formed in the late Qing Dynasty and the early Republic of China. It is composed of imported Sixian, Xiangyang and Huqin, with Sixian as the main one. The play includes Niu Hao's deception and breaking into the palace. 46. Dai Opera The Dai Opera is popular in the Dai inhabited areas of Yunnan Province. It was formed in the middle of the Qing Dynasty, originated from local folk songs and dances, and absorbed the artistic nutrition of Beijing Opera and Yunnan Opera. With erhu as the main accompaniment instrument, the performance is simple, singing and dancing. Plays include E and luo sang. 47. Tibetan opera Tibetan opera, that is, opera popular in Tibet, Qinghai and other Tibetan areas, is sung in Tibetan. Formed in the17th century, mainly represented by Buddhist stories and folklore. Actors wear masks when performing. The performance is divided into three parts, the first part is the opening, named "Dun"; The second is a drama called "Bear"; The third part is the blessing at the end, called "Tashi". The most famous play is Princess Wencheng. 48. Shadow Play Shadow Play is also called "Shadow Play", "Light Shadow Play" and "Local Shadow Play". A drama in which the outlines of characters carved from animal skins or cardboard are illuminated with lights to perform a story. Traditional Chinese opera and aria mostly interact with local operas, which are manipulated by artists and sung with music. China movies have a history of 1000 years. Due to the differences in popular areas, vocals and silhouette materials, many categories and operas have been formed, among which the donkey shadow play in Tangshan, Hebei Province and the cowhide shadow play in Northwest China are the most famous. Among them, Tangshan shadow play has developed into a comprehensive art with exquisite carving skills, dexterous manipulation skills and lyrical singing music.