Safety Management of Substation Technical Reform and Overhaul Engineering Projects

Abstract: It introduces the safety self-inspection procedure before the construction of technical reform and overhaul project of substation, standardized operation of construction, and target-oriented management of construction, analyzes the dangers of the construction safety system, and recommends the application of the safety checklist and the safety pre-control and analysis table in order to control the safety risks of construction.

Keywords: substation; technical reform; overhaul; construction; safety management

The implementation of substation technical reform and overhaul project is much more complicated and dangerous than the new electric power engineering project, due to the involvement of many departments, the quality of personnel varies, and the construction site is surrounded by energized equipment, the operating environment and the progress of the construction is affected by a number of factors, the difficulty of safety management. To safely, efficiently, quality and smooth completion of the technical reform and overhaul of the construction of the project, it is necessary to carry out effective safety monitoring of the whole process of construction, for the potential for accidents and links, to develop appropriate preventive measures to minimize the construction process of safety risks.

1, the design of safe construction procedures

Construction needs safety as a guarantee, because safety can promote the smooth progress of construction. The purpose of construction safety management is to find a balance between construction and safety, so that the construction process of people, machines and things organically combined together to safely complete the construction task. A safe operation procedure is designed in advance for substation technical reform and overhaul projects as a way to realize the goal of safe construction. Design such a program, all construction personnel must ensure that their own work links can function properly, otherwise, the upper level or the same level of safety monitoring function must intervene in this, to adjust its standardized operation.

1.1 Pre-construction safety self-inspection program for technical reform and overhaul projects have a full understanding of the preliminary preparatory work and the construction process, the possible sources of danger to carry out scientific prediction, and then based on the results of the prediction, combined with their own level of safety management to make the appropriate self-inspection conclusions. Only in the case of qualified safety self-inspection, you can carry out the next operation of the start of the program. Pre-construction safety self-inspection procedures should include the following aspects: (1) all levels of personnel safety construction responsibility system in place, clear safety goals and tasks in different construction periods; (2) the safety level of the integrated management functions functioning properly; (3) engineering survey, design, construction plan is perfect, the objectives of the various phases are clear; (4) the construction of a reliable safety early warning procedures, the formation of a closed-loop controlled state; (5) Construction equipment, labor safety protection and operating environment and safety construction management in accordance with the norms of the three aspects of operation; (6) with project safety risk prevention and control, emergency remediation and optimization of the construction program; (7) project safety management organization (including the owner, supervision, construction units) and the corresponding construction safety leadership group can work effectively, and information channels are smooth; (8) project supervision and safety supervision of the relevant Personnel safety responsibilities in place, on-site safety inspection can enter the programmed state; (9) construction equipment, instrumentation, safety instruments qualified, relevant professional operating standards; (10) operating personnel (including management personnel) safety and technical qualities in line with the requirements of the construction, the site can be in accordance with the requirements of safe and civilized construction of the construction work.

After the above 10 self-check procedures, qualified before entering the work session, as long as there is a unqualified must be rectified to meet the requirements of the operating standards.

1.2 Construction of standardized operations standardized operations, in fact, safety as a breakthrough, unit-based standardization activities. Substation renovation and overhaul project involves many types of work, a substation, electrical secondary, communications, civil engineering, lifting, welding and erection, etc., the construction unit or the relevant departments of each process, each construction link, up to each construction position to develop a set of standards. The main content involves the standardization of work (operation), standardization of construction preparation, standardization of operation action, standardization of operation connection, standardization of the operating environment, equipment, work equipment, standardization of the use of placement, standardization of labor protection gear wear standardization of safety activities and standardization of safety signs, standardization of safety inspections and so on. Where the regulations have requirements, in the standardization of the operation process must be followed. For example, before the official start of a technical reform project, what types of work are required, how many people to participate, with what equipment and tools, materials, how much time to complete the project. In large-scale technical reform projects, such as 110 kV and above substation integrated automation transformation requires how many departments to work with the operation, each department (such as substation, scheduling, communications, maintenance and other construction units) in cooperation with what kind of safety responsibilities should be borne, are to develop standards, clear safety responsibilities of the various types of departments, strict assessment. The development of standards should adhere to three principles: (1) first after the general focus; (2) the main construction units and the departments with full participation; (3) the principle of up and down cycle.

1.3 construction of the target management according to the principle of holistic target management system, the development of a total safety target, and then the construction safety target for the "horizontal" and "vertical" expansion. Horizontal development, that is, the development of horizontal development to achieve the objectives of the chart and specific countermeasures table, construction units and the relevant functional departments of the personnel, should be to "meet the standard" as the center of each work program to develop the corresponding standards and safety responsibilities. In the construction process which department should be responsible for which department to develop standards, and the construction site of each link should be considered in a comprehensive manner, according to the development of the target, the implementation of safe operation of the pre-control table. "Vertical" expansion, refers to the next level of the sum of the objectives should be greater than the upper level of the objectives, only in this way can increase the reliability of the target system to achieve, such as construction general contracting unit, construction project department, construction team and individuals and other levels should have their own goals. It should be emphasized that the unit objectives of the construction personnel involved must be guaranteed, that is, they must ensure that individuals in the construction process without violations, otherwise, the upper level of the goal can not be achieved. After the construction of the overall goal, according to the size of the project, the length of the period and then sub-stage, sub-scope and sub-target target decomposition, quantification, to achieve the construction of all personnel are doing their own work, the responsibility is in place.

2, analyze the danger of construction safety system

Construction safety system analysis are: construction system function analysis, construction system safety goal analysis, construction system risk analysis.

Construction system functional analysis is in accordance with the functional requirements of the construction system or functional principles, starting from the analysis of the structure of the construction, the study of the construction system of the interconnection of the components of the interconnection and role, and through these connections and roles, the study of the construction system is how to operate smoothly and to achieve the required function. Functional analysis is the basis for safety goal analysis and hazard analysis.

The task of construction system safety goal analysis is to determine the safety goals or standards for the construction system.

The task of construction system hazard analysis is to analyze and study the factors affecting the safety of the system and the possible hazards of these factors on the construction system on the basis of the above 2 analyses. In the substation technical reform and overhaul project before the start of construction, the construction unit and related departments, according to the characteristics of the construction, combined with the actual situation of the department, can be carried out in advance of the hazard analysis (predicted accidents), the construction process of the type of possible hazards, the conditions under which hazards may arise and their possible consequences of the approximate analysis, which is aimed at identifying the potential hazards of the system to determine the level of risk, and to take precautionary measures. The purpose is to identify potential hazards in the system, determine their hazard levels and take preventive measures. The implementation steps of hazard analysis can be summarized as the following six points: (1) analyze the possible types of accidents that may occur in the construction object according to the past experience of substation technical reform, such as electrical secondary operations in the main control panel, excessive vibration, short circuit or connecting the wrong line may cause misoperation, resulting in equipment or grid accidents; (2) investigate which subsystems or links the source of the danger exists in, and the danger points of the links should be taken into account, such as Civil engineering foundation excavation should think of the underground cable, gas pipelines and other facilities, can not be determined and no precautionary measures are prohibited to move the soil excavation; (3) identification of the transformation conditions, i.e., study and analyze the risk factors into a hazardous state of the triggering conditions and hazardous state of the state of the necessary conditions for accidents, and to take further precautionary measures; (4) delineation of the level of risk, ranked successive priorities for priority treatment; (5) the realization of accident prevention, and the prevention of accidents. (5) Realization of accident prevention measures; (6) Designation of departments and personnel responsible for the measures.

In the technical reform and overhaul project, such as the implementation of the risk control analysis, can greatly reduce the probability of accidents, and effectively ensure the safety of the whole process of construction.

3, the development and implementation of safety checklist and safety pre-control analysis form

Safety checklist as a safety system engineering the most basic method, not only is the implementation of safety inspection and diagnosis of an effective tool, but also to find potential risk factors and analyze the effective means of accidents. The safety pre-control analysis table is the most direct and easy-to-use method of hazard analysis.

Safety checklist can be formulated according to the construction characteristics and requirements, divided into departments and specialties. In the substation technical reform and overhaul project implementation of the investigation, according to different specialties and construction characteristics, the development of "substation and power line construction site safety checklist" and "on-site safety pre-control analysis table", in order to promote the substation technical reform and overhaul project site safety management. Overhaul project site safety management efforts. Each construction unit participating in the project, according to different construction stages and sub-construction characteristics, conducts sufficient danger point analysis of the operation project before construction, and fills in the content of the analysis in the "on-site safety pre-control analysis form", so as to find out the danger points and take precautionary measures to prevent accidents from occurring. Practice has proved that the application of safety checklist and safety pre-control analysis table, further improve the safety management of the construction site, standardize the safety behavior of the construction unit, and effectively control the safety risk of the whole process of construction, for the technical reform and overhaul of the project's safety, reliability, and smooth progress has laid a solid foundation.