What are the characteristics of agricultural tools in the Song and Yuan Dynasties?

In the Song and Yuan Dynasties, with the economic center of gravity moving southward and the flourishing of rice farming, a large number of agricultural tools related to rice farming appeared one after another, and in the Tang Dynasty, the paddy field preparation agricultural tools represented by the Jiangdong plow appeared, including the paddy field harrow, threshing ground, and the rice paddy. In the Song Dynasty, the popularity of the middle and high schools marked the perfection of paddy field preparation farm tools, and the emergence of rice transplanting related farm tools such as rice-planting horses and rice-planting boats, etc. The Song and Yuan Dynasties was a period of perfection of paddy field plowing farm tools, with the emergence of quite a few farm tools related to paddy field plowing, such as weed claw, weed swings, weed drums, and field funnels, etc. The Song and Yuan Dynasties also saw the appearance of guandan, which is the most popular type of farm tools. In the Song and Yuan Dynasties, there were also some drying tools such as the guandan (rice fling), the woven mat, and the jiaokong (a wooden frame). At the same time, some of the original agricultural tools were further popularized and used due to the needs of rice production. The traditional southern paddy rice farming tools have basically appeared here, and supporting stereotypes.

Northern dry-land farming tools with the dry-land farming technology system in the Wei and Jin dynasties, has also been basically stereotyped. In the Song and Yuan Dynasties, the development of dryland farming tools is mainly in the original improvement of agricultural tools, and further improve. Among them, the most typical ones are plows, columbariums, dung columbariums, natural gas cars, sickles, wheat cages, wheat samariums and wheat nickers, and so on. Sowers, for example, it was originally a kind of animal power sowing farm equipment appeared in the Han Dynasty, Song and Yuan Dynasties, this dryland farm equipment has been improved, the development of columbarium hoe and dung columbarium seed two new animal power farm equipment.

Yuan Wang Zhen "book of agriculture" in the "agricultural atlas" is about the traditional agricultural tools collection of writings, in which contains more than a hundred kinds of agricultural tools, in addition to some of them are inherited or recorded in previous generations of agricultural tools, most of them are used in the Song and Yuan dynasties, newly created or improved. It embodies the characteristics of high efficiency, labor-saving, specialization, perfection and matching. The development of traditional Chinese agricultural tools to this point, has reached a mature stage.