What are the three cultural characteristics of the Olympic Games?

What are the three cultural characteristics of the Olympic Games? I. Cultural Characteristics of the Olympic Movement

(a) Unique symbolic meaning

Gu has said many times that the Olympic movement is "a great symbol". Indeed, the Olympic movement shows the unity, progress and friendship of human society. There are a series of unique and distinctive symbols in the Olympic movement, such as the Olympic symbol, motto, Olympic flag, anthem, emblem, medal, mascot and so on. These signs have rich cultural connotations. Expressing the basic points of Olympic thought with concise artistic symbols, turning abstract concepts into visible, audible and tangible material culture, reflects people's deepening understanding of the Olympic movement. For example, the Olympic symbols: five interconnected rings of blue, yellow, black, green and red, represent the unity of five continents and the gathering of athletes from all over the world at the Olympic Games. Today, the Olympic rings have become a symbol of world peace and national unity. Another example is the Olympic mascot: the animals loved by our national traditional culture are artistically processed to make them anthropomorphic, thus becoming more humorous and humanized and becoming the symbol of the Olympic Games.

(B) rich artistry

In all kinds of Olympic activities, in order to increase elegant taste, people use various artistic means to make these activities reach a very high aesthetic mood and full of rich artistic atmosphere.

The Olympic Movement aims to create and show a beautiful world. It not only shows the world-class beauty of human body, such as the beauty of human body shape, strength and sports, but also condenses the beauty of other cultural and artistic forms. When people create these beautiful things, they also deepen their aesthetic cultivation. People's appreciation of these beautiful things is also a process of accepting aesthetic feeling. The role of beauty in the real society is to cultivate people's emotions, coordinate social life, and achieve the coordination between people and living environment and people. Only by advocating beauty and cultivating people's spirit with beauty can we sublimate real life. In this sense, the Olympic movement is also a large-scale aesthetic education process. It is also an important embodiment of human nature to enhance the spiritual outlook of the whole human society with artistic beauty.

(C) the rich connotation

The Olympic Movement has excavated and displayed all the beautiful things in human society from different angles and levels, thus making it rich in cultural connotations. It covers a wide range, from material civilization to spiritual civilization, from individuals to society, from concrete to abstract. Therefore, various cultural forms and artistic means have found their place in the Olympic Movement and become an integral part of this magnificent social and cultural movement. To some extent, the Olympic Movement is a colorful art world. There are distinctive Olympic buildings, vivid paintings and sculptures, melodious vocal music, dance, literature, singing and dancing, etc.

(D) the diversity of composition

The ancient Olympic movement originated in Greece, so it has a strong western cultural brand with ancient Greek culture as the main body. After a hundred years, the modern Olympic movement has spread all over the world, with more and more athletes from participating countries. The scale and influence of the Olympic Games are also growing. Therefore, the popularity of the Olympic movement needs its cultural diversity. Where the Olympic Games are held, the culture of the Olympic movement will be integrated with the culture of the host country, thus forming its cultural diversity. In addition, the Olympic Games will enrich itself by absorbing the national traditional events of the host country, such as Japanese judo, American basketball, Brazilian football, etc., so as to make the cultural characteristics of the Olympic Movement compatible with each other and develop into rich and colorful multiculturalism, which provides a broad space and fertile soil for the sustainable development and growth of the Olympic Games.

Second, the Olympic movement is an advanced culture with western culture as the main body.

The modern Olympic movement has gone through more than one hundred years. From the composition of the host country and the members of the International Olympic Committee, we can easily see that there are more Olympic Games held in western countries than in eastern countries, and only Japan and South Korea have been held in eastern countries. In addition, the decision-making level of the Olympic Committee is dominated by westerners, and 52.6% of the 23 members of the International Olympic Committee/KLOC-0 are from Europe and America. There is also the absolute dominance of sports events originating in the West in the Olympic Games. Among the 300 events in the 28 major events of the Summer Olympic Games, except for a few events like judo and taekwondo, the rest are all western sports. Therefore, the Olympic movement has a strong western cultural color. However, with the rapid development of economic globalization and communication informatization, the communication and integration between different cultures is more urgent than ever. Therefore, the Olympic culture has been enriched and developed many times, leading the world trend, so it will actively cater to this trend, blend and collide with the oriental culture with China traditional culture as the main body, and inject new vitality into the Olympic movement.

Third, the basic characteristics of China traditional culture

China traditional culture is the material culture, institutional culture and spiritual culture created by China people for thousands of years. It can be said that China's traditional culture is the cultural accumulation in the long history of Chinese civilization, including the cultural accumulation in various periods of China's historical development. It is profound and profound, including extremely rich material achievements and profound ideological connotation, and permeates the philosophy and wisdom of China people.

(A) the spirit of patriotism from generation to generation.

Patriotism is the eternal theme of China traditional culture. Since ancient times, the Chinese nation has formed a great patriotic spirit of putting public interests first and national interests first. Such as "sacrificing one's life for righteousness", "serving the country wholeheartedly" and "serving the public in the world" have become lofty moral requirements that people admire. Fan Zhongyan's optimism, Wen Tianxiang's view of life and death, and Lin Zexu's view of happiness are all concentrated manifestations of China people's patriotism.

(B) Self-improvement enterprising spirit

Self-improvement is a kind of self-overload, enterprising quality, and an indomitable and indomitable will. "Strong and promising" and "self-improvement" fully reflect the mental state and perseverance of the Chinese nation. "Book of Rites" said: "New day, new day, new day" requires people to strive for self-improvement, be proactive, be brave in innovation, and strive for self-improvement. As far as a country or a nation is concerned, to survive and develop, it is necessary to be self-reliant, innovative and strong. If you don't strive for self-improvement, you will fall behind, and if you fall behind, you will be beaten. History has proved this more than once. Therefore, self-improvement and enterprising spirit are the foundation of life and the soul of the nation.

(C) the practical character of seeking truth and being pragmatic

China traditional culture pays attention to people's heart and life, so it faces reality and attaches importance to life. For example, Confucius said that "knowing is knowing, and not knowing is not knowing", and Laozi said that "knowing people is wise, and knowing oneself is clear". In addition, in the case of insufficient and unstable supply of agricultural society, China people mainly consider the needs of real life and pay more attention to the material needs and status in real life. Few people believe in religion, and often regard religion as a tool to realize the requirements of real life or get rid of the helplessness of real life.

(d) Attach importance to and maintain a sense of harmony.

The sense of harmony in China's traditional culture contains two meanings: one is "the unity of man and nature", which means the harmony between man and nature; The second is the "golden mean", which refers to interpersonal relationships, that is, the harmony between people and society. "The unity of man and nature" aims to recognize and affirm the similarity and unity between man and nature, the subjective world and the objective world, and the law of thinking and the law of nature, and opposes separating them. "The Doctrine of the Mean" emphasizes dealing with things and relationships in moderation, avoiding confrontation and conflict, and striving to create an orderly moral society. Therefore, the "golden mean" also led to the demise of the Chinese nation, and the concept of "forbearance, forbearance and benevolence" (in Chen Duxiu's place) was deeply rooted in people's hearts. In addition, for example, "home and everything prosper" and "contentment is always happy" are the portrayal of the "golden mean" in different aspects. Today, we keep pace with the times. In the process of building a well-off society in an all-round way, insisting on advocating the harmonious consciousness of "harmony is the most important" and "harmony is the most important" is conducive to handling various contradictions in progress and maintaining social stability.

(E) the pursuit of perfect moral cultivation

China traditional culture advocates moral cultivation and pursues perfection of moral cultivation. Confucius and Mencius advocated self-cultivation, serving people with virtue, and treating people with sincerity. When you see Si Qi, you don't see him. They believe that the purpose of "repair" and "harmony" is "governance" and "peace", and then achieve great harmony in the world. China is a country of civilization and etiquette. Since ancient times, we have attached importance to moral cultivation and have always regarded morality as an important criterion for evaluating a person. In today's rule of law and rule of virtue, the criterion for selecting talents is having both ability and political integrity. This once again shows the importance attached to moral cultivation.

Fourthly, the influence of the Olympic Movement on China's traditional culture.

(A) is conducive to the cultivation of patriotism and national pride

The Chinese nation has regarded great patriotism as a fine virtue of the Chinese nation since ancient times. The Olympic movement with western culture as the main body, especially the four-year Olympic Games, will stimulate the cohesion of the Chinese nation. Bao believes that "there are three things that can enhance social cohesion and centripetal force. First, the emergence of war, second, serious natural disasters, and third, the emergence of major events that can attract the sustained attention of the whole nation. " The first two projects will not appear in China at present, but the Beijing 2008 Olympic Games, which lasts for two weeks, is just a major project that meets the third condition. During the Olympic Games, coaches, athletes and officials from all over the world gathered in Beijing, and all countries will broadcast the Olympic Games. When the five-star red flag is raised in the Olympic Games, everyone in China will cheer for it, be proud of it and be proud of it. Therefore, patriotism and national pride have been fully demonstrated.

(2) The slogan "Faster, Higher and Stronger" will inspire the enterprising spirit of the Chinese nation.

The slogan "Faster, Higher and Stronger" is not only about the outstanding achievements in the field of sports, but also a clarion call for all mankind to work hard, forge ahead, explore constantly and be brave in innovation. This is consistent with China's traditional culture-self-improvement and enterprising spirit. Comrade * * * once said that innovation is an inexhaustible motive force for the development of a nation. Regardless of the past, present and future, personal perfection and progress, national development and strength, endeavor and self-improvement are the source of its power. Now, the Olympic slogan has gone beyond its original meaning, and to some extent, it has become another driving force for the development and innovation of China's traditional culture. It is precisely because of the self-improvement and innovation of the Chinese nation that we have today's prosperity and development, the capital to host the Olympic Games, and the opportunity to fully contact the Olympic Movement. The collision between them will certainly give new impetus to China's traditional culture, thus providing advanced cultural support for China to go global.

(C) the combination of pragmatic and practical character and beautiful ideals

The practical character of seeking truth and being pragmatic is one of the fine traditions of the Chinese nation. From small countries and few people in the past to farmers who are getting richer now, they are still concerned about their own reality and the beautiful ideals that may be realized. However, today's China is an open China, and China's traditional culture should also face the world. Today, when building a well-off society in an all-round way, we need to seek truth from facts, take the beautiful socialist ideal as the guide, adapt to the current trend, and have a beautiful blueprint for the future. This is also in line with the purpose of the Olympic movement, that is, to strive to build a peaceful and beautiful world. Therefore, the combination of practice and ideal complements each other, which is another achievement of inheriting China's traditional culture.

(D) Harmonious consciousness will have new scientific connotation.

Lu believes that "Olympic culture is a strong culture" because the original slogan "Always surpass your opponent and always strive for the first place" also reflects the will of the strong. Although it has been revised now, it is still a strong culture, that is, western culture, because it embodies the will of westerners in many ways. However, China's traditional culture does not completely exclude the Olympic culture. Because the good compatibility of China's traditional culture will absorb its advanced ideological content. In this way, the tradition is preserved without losing originality, and more importantly, the sense of harmony has a new connotation, that is, the publicity of personality and the display of self. Among them, publicity and exhibition are the products of adapting to modern society and blending with western culture. In addition, in reality, in many cases, talking about the doctrine of the mean is enterprising, mediocre and outdated, not to mention the harmonious coexistence between man and society, man and nature, and man and man. Therefore, China's traditional culture will be endowed with new contents, otherwise we will be abandoned.

(5) moral cultivation has been further improved.

Justice, openness and fairness are the essence of the Olympic spirit, which not only means fair competition in sports, but also means that athletes must abide by the rules, be aboveboard, equal and fair. It is a model of competition in human society. This is in line with the moral cultivation in the traditional culture of China. China has always had the reputation of "a country of civilization and etiquette", and has always regarded moral cultivation as an important criterion for evaluating a person. Among them, Confucian morality is the most representative, emphasizing benevolence, righteousness, courtesy and honesty as its highest moral principles. In addition, the modernization of China under the catalysis of western culture is not only conducive to the establishment of the concept of equality in China's traditional culture, but also conducive to the construction of market ethics. China's modernization is improving the socialist market economy, and ideological and moral construction is one of its important pillars. Therefore, the blending and collision of eastern and western cultures is a baptism of China's concept of inequality, a correction of market misconduct, and a better adaptation of China's traditional culture to social development.

Verb (abbreviation of verb) conclusion

In China, an ancient civilization with a long history and rapid development, hosting the Olympic Games under the socialist system will promote the rapid development of China's politics, economy, culture, education and peace, and further improve the national quality. Because the Olympic Games will bring new impetus and vitality to our country. At the same time, China has become an important member of the Olympic family, which will definitely have a positive impact on the development of the international Olympic movement. The blending of Chinese and Western cultures is the driving force for the development and self-renewal of China's traditional culture, thus providing advanced cultural support for China's modernization and further promoting the construction of China's material and spiritual civilization.

Olympic English Olympics

The Olympic purpose is highly summarized as (). The Olympic motto is () and the Olympic slogan is a high generalization of (): "Peace, friendship and progress".

Olympic motto: higher, faster and stronger.

The slogan of the Olympic Games is different every year:

1984 Los Angeles Participation History

1988 Seoul Olympic Games was harmonious and progressive.

1992, Friends of Life in forever friends

196 century celebration in Atlanta

1998, Nagano, from all over the world, took flowers as a whole and condensed the world into a flower.

Sharing the Spirit Sharing the Olympic Spirit in Sydney in 2000.

Igniting the fire in Salt Lake City in 2002 ignited the fire in my heart.

Welcome to Wele House in Athens in 2004.

The ever-burning lamp of Turin in 2006

In 2008, Beijing has one world, one dream, one world and one dream.

The pronunciation of the Olympics

Olympism was put forward by Coubertin, the founder of modern Olympic movement. It is the theoretical basis of the basic principles of the Olympic Charter and the core of the Olympic spirit. Modern Olympism is a philosophy of life, which combines the improvement of people's physique, intelligence and will quality into a balanced whole, integrates sports with culture and education, and creates a way of life that makes people seek pleasure in struggle. Modern Olympism pursues exemplary educational values and respects universal basic ethical principles. The ultimate goal of modern Olympism is to make sports serve the harmonious development of mankind and promote and establish a peaceful society that safeguards human dignity. This is a process from strength to social transformation. We need the whole society to work together. Run forward together for that goal.

Greece, the hometown of the Olympics, is the cradle of European civilization and the hometown of the Olympic Movement.

Ancient Greece was a mythical kingdom. Beautiful fairy tales and bizarre folk stories cast a mysterious color on the origin of the ancient Olympic Games. There are many legends about the origin of the ancient Olympic Games, the most important of which are the following two: First, the ancient Olympic Games was a regular sports activity to worship Zeus. Another legend is related to Hercules, the son of Zeus. Hercules is known as "Hercules" because of his infinite strength. He finished the task that ordinary people couldn't finish in Elis city-state, and cleaned the king's cowshed full of cow dung in less than half a day, but the king didn't want to honor his promise of giving away 300 cows, so Herakler drove the king away in a fit of pique. To celebrate his victory, he held a sports meeting in Olympia.

The most popular story about the origin of the ancient Olympic Games is Pelops's marriage. In order to choose a husband who is both civil and military for his daughter, Elis, the king of ancient Greece, proposed that the candidate must compete with himself in the chariot. In the competition, 13 youths were killed by the king's spear, 14 youths were Pelops, the grandson of Zeus and the sweetheart of the princess. Encouraged by love, he bravely accepted the king's challenge and finally won with wisdom. To celebrate this victory, Pelops and the princess held a grand wedding in front of the temple of Zeus in Olympia. At the meeting, chariots, gladiators and other competitions were arranged. This was the original ancient Olympic Games, and Pelops became the legendary founder of the ancient Olympic Games.

In fact, the origin of the Olympic Games is closely related to the social situation in ancient Greece. In the 9th-8th century BC, the Greek clan society gradually disintegrated, the slave society of city-state system gradually formed, and more than 200 city-states were established. City-states are fragmented, there is no unified monarch, and wars between city-states continue. In order to cope with the war, every city-state actively trains its own soldiers. The children of the Spartan city-state were raised by the state from the age of seven, engaged in sports and military training, and lived a military life. War needs soldiers, soldiers need strong bodies, and sports is a powerful means to train soldiers who can fight. The war promoted the development of Greek sports, and the events of the ancient Olympic Games also had obvious military brand. The people are disgusted with the continuous war and generally long for a peaceful environment to recuperate. Later, the King of Sparta and the King of Elis signed the "Holy Truce Month" treaty. As a result, the military training and sports competitions to prepare for the troops have gradually become games of peace and friendship.

The origin of the Olympics In 776 BC, the Greeks stipulated that a sports meeting should be held in Olympia every four years. During the sports meeting, all Greek athletes and nearby citizens gathered in Olympia, a scenic town in southern Greece.

In 776 BC, the first Olympic Games was held here, and Dorian Klose won the 192.27 meter sprint. He became the first winner of the first event in the International Olympic Games. Later, the scale of the ancient Greek Games gradually expanded and became a grand event to show the national spirit. The winner of the competition can get a wreath of laurel, wild olive and palm. From 776 BC to 394 AD, after 1 170 years, * * * held the 293rd ancient Olympic Games. It was banned by the Roman emperor in 394 AD.

1875 ~ 188 1 year, Kutius in Germany excavated cultural relics in Olympic sites, which aroused the interest of the whole world. Therefore, Pierre De Coubertin, a French educator, believes that it is of great significance to restore the tradition of the ancient Greek Olympic Games to promote the development of international sports. Under his advocacy and active running, the first international sports conference was held in Paris in June 1894. The International Sports Conference decided to call the world-wide comprehensive games the Olympic Games. The first modern Olympic Games was held in Athens, Greece, on April 1896, and it was held in every member country in turn every four years. By 1992, 25 Olympic Games have been held.

The ancient Olympic Games were basically held every four years, and this cycle was called "Olympiad". According to this cycle, from 776 BC to 394 AD, * * * should be held for 293 sessions; But in fact the number of meetings is much less. However, according to the ancient Olympic Games, one Olympic Games is one, whether it is held or not.

In the early days of the ancient Olympic Games, there were not many events, so the first 22 sessions only lasted for one day. Later, with the increase of events, it was extended to two days. Since the 37th session, the time has been extended to 5 days after the addition of juvenile competitions. The first day is the opening ceremony, where sacrifices and oaths are held, the second, third and fourth days are the specific contents of the competition, and the fifth day is the closing ceremony, where prizes are awarded and sacrificial activities are held.

At present, Olympic events include (excluding the Winter Olympics): track and field, swimming (including diving, water polo and synchronized swimming), shooting, weightlifting, cycling, archery, basketball, volleyball, football, handball, hockey, gymnastics (including rhythmic gymnastics), fencing, international wrestling (freestyle and classical), boxing, judo, rowing and kayaking.

The development scale and level of the modern Olympic Movement have attracted worldwide attention. The Olympic spirit has been widely spread. People see that Olympism, as a cultural phenomenon, closely links ethnic groups with different skin colors and cultural backgrounds in the form of competition, which has a far-reaching impact on human social activities and human civilization. As a sports phenomenon, the Olympic Games is the most fascinating stage for human beings to explore the limits of physical fitness. Olympic records and medals have become lofty goals pursued by athletes, and the Olympic movement has become a global activity with great attraction, penetration and cohesion in many participating countries and regions.

The origin of the ancient Olympic Games

On the peninsula, on the alfons River, at the foot of Crophius Mountain, it belongs to the Olympia village in Ilya area, and is considered as the place where the gods live together. Therefore, the temple of Zeus was built here, and its vicinity was called Altz. At that time, every city-state came here in July and August to worship Zeus. In addition to offering sacrifices and holding ceremonies, competitive sports are also listed as activities of offering sacrifices to gods. The leap year, which is held every four years, expanded the sacrificial ceremony and later formed a system, which is the origin of the Olympic Games held every four years. The four-year cycle of the ancient Olympic Games was called "Olympiad".

There are many myths and legends about the origin of the ancient Olympic Games. One of the most popular myths and legends is that Polosse, the son of Poseidon, defeated Oenomais, the king, in a racing car to marry Princess Hippodamia and won the princess and the throne. In order to celebrate the victory and thank the gods for their protection, Olympia held a competition.

Of course, the myth well is not history. In fact, the appearance of the ancient Olympic Games in ancient Greece is an objective historical phenomenon cast by geographical environment, economic life style, cultural customs, religious beliefs, values, aesthetics and other historical and cultural factors. Most historians believe that since 776 BC, competitive performances have appeared in the form of competitions, so people usually regard this as the beginning of the ancient Olympic Games.

The modern Olympic movement rose in the capitalist industrial age in Europe, but its origin can be traced back to the Olympic Games in ancient Greece. The ancient Olympic Games was held every four years. From the first recorded Olympic Games in 776 BC to 393 AD, * * * held 293 sessions, which lasted165,438+069, and experienced several classes of emergence, development and decline.

First of all, the natural environment of ancient Greece and the formation of competitive sports customs.

The superior geographical location made ancient Greece a meeting point of various cultures, thus accelerating the process of social development, making outstanding contributions to mankind in various fields such as science, culture, art and sports, and becoming the birthplace of western civilization. Competitive sports is an important part of Greek life.

Second, the events of the early Olympic Games also reflected the development relationship between the war and the ancient Olympic Games. In the 500 years since 776 AD, the Olympic events have gradually expanded, from a single competition to wrestling, mixed martial arts, boxing, four-horse chariots, horse racing, wrestling, horse racing and pentathlon. Most of these events are related to military skills, reflecting the role of war in promoting the development of Olympic events. Although the events of the ancient Olympic Games had obvious military brand, the Olympic Games itself was a grand event of the whole Greek nation. Although there are frequent conflicts between city-States, they are also closely linked, especially since the 8th century BC, with the rise of the ancient Greek colonial movement, a Greek civilization circle has formed in the Mediterranean region.

Third, the religious customs of ancient Greece and the formation of the Olympic model.

The ancient Olympic Games is a pan-Greek religious celebration, which has the following three characteristics: first, the worship of the gods of Olympus; Second, there is a unique sacrificial system; Third, there are rich religious myths and legends.

Fourth, the rise and fall of the ancient Olympic Games.

It can be roughly divided into three stages. The first stage (8th century BC-6th century BC) developed into a grand event attended by Greek city-states. The second stage (6th century BC-4th century BC) was the heyday of slavery in ancient Greek city-states, and the ancient Olympic Games reached its peak. In the third stage (4th century BC-4th century AD), ancient Greece was conquered by Macedonia and the Roman Empire, and the ancient Olympic Games entered a period of decline.

Second, the motivation of the Olympic movement:

In order to meet the needs of international sports development,/kloc-in the second half of the 9th century, with the development of international political and economic situation, modern sports showed two obvious development trends. One is the rapid development of competitive sports, and the other is the internationalization trend of sports. 188 1 year, the first international individual sports organization, the International Gymnastics Federation, was established. With the expansion of international sports exchanges, it has become an urgent need of the times to establish a comprehensive stage for international sports exchanges and an international sports organization that coordinates the activities of individual organizations and plays a management role.

Finally, at the suggestion of Coubertin 1893, the French Federation of Athletics Associations held an international sports conference. Discuss the revival of the Olympic Games.

1894 the international sports conference was grandly opened at the Sorbonne theological seminary in Paris. And adopted an important document-Resolution (Revival of the Olympic Games). As the first Olympic Games will be held in Athens, Greece, the birthplace of the ancient Olympic Games from 65438 to 0896, Kailas VI of Greece will be the first president and Coubertin will be the secretary-general. Congress stipulates which country's big cities hold the Olympic Games every four years.

Three. Comparison of Main Features between Modern Olympic Games and Ancient Olympic Games

1. The name "Olympic Games" has already been used.

2. Inherited the tradition of "Olympia" with a cycle every four years.

3. Learn from and develop some ceremonies of the ancient Olympic Games.

4. Absorbed and developed the traditional ideas of ancient Olympic Games.

The pinyin of Olympic numbers? The pinyin of the Olympics is as follows:

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