Information on Chinese Folklore

1. Yao songs and dances

Panwang Festival, also known as jumping Panwang, according to legend, the birthday of the Yao ancestor Panwang is on the sixteenth day of October in the lunar calendar, and every year at this time, which is also the time of harvesting in the fall, in order to commemorate the ancestor and to celebrate the good harvest, the Yao people get together on this day, and hold the "Juggling Songtang" activity. The Day Before the Festival The day before the festival, the village began to kill pigs and cows, prepare chickens, ducks, fish and meat, grind tofu, make patties, and bring the brewed rice wine to entertain the four sides of the guests.

The Pangwang Festival is held in the bottom of a valley in the middle of a mountain, called "Gotangping," which is very spacious. On the day of the festival, starting in the morning, Yao men, women and children dressed in traditional costumes come out of the cottage, they are different identities, formed into a queue, gathered to the Nangang Yao Village on the Songtang Ping, playing Songtang began. And foreign tourists also drove to watch, the valley is lively and unusual.

The Yao people's song playing hall carries out the rituals of visiting the god, crossing the nine states, sacrificing Fazhen, etc., and at the same time, they also beat gongs and drums, sing songs, dance long drums, and fire cannons, which vibrate the hundred miles of Yao mountains. Yao people live in the mountains, the land is more barren than elsewhere, their living environment can be described as difficult, but they are also the same flaunt their happiness, from the difficult life to feel the song and dance of joy and inspiration.

Like many other folk festivals, the Juggling Song Hall is also an opportunity for young Yao men and women to begin a relationship. When young men and women begin to sing to each other, the atmosphere becomes even more heated. In the Yao family, a boy is called A Gui and a girl is called Sa Wa Mui, and the song pairing is also an opportunity for them to express their love for each other.

After singing and dancing, the enthusiastic Yao girls will invite outsiders and guests to **** dance with them, and by this time, the guests are not shy and are comfortable dancing with the Yao people.

2. Diet of the Yao People

Corn, rice, sweet potatoes are the main food, taro, corn, wheat as supplementary food. Frequently eaten vegetables include white watermelon, winter melon, pumpkin, radish, cabbage, mustard greens, chili peppers, eggplant, bean curd, tomato and so on. In addition, they also pick bamboo shoots, mushrooms, fungus and aromatic mushrooms in season as vegetable food. The Yao people like to make their own tofu, especially the "tofu round" made by the Yao people in Hunan Province, which is tender and delicious, and is a must-have dish for festivals. The Yao people also make bacon, smoked meat and edelweiss meat, especially the "bird edelweiss" cured by the Yao people in the Dayao Mountain of Jinxiu, Guangxi, which is a famous flavorful snack. Patty cake is also a traditional snack of the Yao people, and it is a necessary food for festivals. Yao people have a hobby of drinking, many places men drink with bowls without cups, especially festivals and celebrations, drinking all day long. Oil tea is a dietary custom of the Yao people. Get up early in the morning, boil water, set up a tea pot, put a handful of tea leaves with oil and salt small fry, to be fragrant tea, rushed on the boiling water to roll, that is made of fragrant oil tea. Whenever a guest arrives, the host often treats the guest with oil tea to show respect.

The Yao people like to drink sweet wine. Whenever there is a guest at the door, the host first honors a cup of sweet wine. There is a kind of sweet wine Yao women drink during menstruation, it is different from the general sweet wine, boiled with ginger, brown sugar and eggs, is a very good tonic. When women drink this kind of sweet wine during menstruation, they can receive the effect of strengthening the body, replenishing blood and restoring health.

In China, the Spring Festival is also a customary festival for people of various ethnic minorities. People of various ethnic groups in accordance with their own customs, held a variety of celebrations, with their own strong national unique style.

Tibetan New Year's Eve, people dressed in colorful costumes, wearing strange masks, with oboe, conch, drums, music, to perform a grand and grand "Jumping God will". The young men dance and sing to welcome the new year and to drive away evil spirits. To the New Year's morning, the women will go to the back of the "auspicious water", wishing a new year of good luck.

Yi compatriots of the Yi ethnic group selected according to the Yi calendar. Some of them celebrate the Spring Festival with the local Han Chinese. In some areas, Yi compatriots set up pines in front of their doors and pave the ground with pine needles, indicating that they are free from disasters and calamities. In other areas, pigs and goats are killed and eaten during the festival, and people visit each other and give each other meat and buns. On the morning of the first day of the Lunar New Year, the first thing you do when you get up is to carry water home. They compare the weight of a bowl of water with that of yesterday's. If the water is heavy in the New Year, it means that there has been enough rain this year.

The Zhuang compatriots, who are distributed in Guangxi, Guizhou, Yunnan and Guangdong, celebrate the Spring Festival at the same time as the Han Chinese. New Year's Eve night, to do a good job on the day of the festival to eat rice, known as the "New Year's Eve rice", some areas of the masses called "eat Lijie", the Zhuang language for the "over the late year" means. It is an omen of a good agricultural harvest in the coming year. Some also packaged with more than a foot long, five or six pounds of heavy alkali, a family with a small population a meal is not finished! Early in the morning on the first day of the New Year, before dawn, people get up, put on new clothes, firecrackers to welcome the new, women are scrambling to the river or wells, "draw new water", to start a new year of boiling life.

Buyi The whole family stays up all night on New Year's Eve at the watering hole. As soon as the sun comes up, the girls scramble to fetch water. Whoever is the first to pick up the first load of water is the hardest working and happiest girl.

Manchu The Manchus are divided into four banners: red, yellow, blue and white. Spring Festival, the red flag people in the door posted red hanging flag, yellow flag people in the door posted yellow hanging flag, blue flag people in the door posted blue hanging flag, white flag people in the door posted white hanging flag. These hanging flags have beautiful patterns and bright colors, symbolizing an auspicious start to the year.

Dong compatriots in Guizhou, Hunan, Dong compatriots, during the Spring Festival prevailed a kind of "playing Dong years" (also known as the Lusheng will be) of mass activities. This activity is similar to the Han Chinese "reunion", only than the "reunion" seems more joyful, enthusiastic. This kind of activity is generally organized by two villages **** with the agreement. The two teams officially hold a Lusheng song and dance competition in the square. At this time, the audience from both villages, accompanied by music, dancing and enjoying themselves.

The Bai compatriots in Yunnan Bai New Year, there is a kind of celebration called "put high up". The so-called "put high" is a whole large bamboo, in the bamboo joints loaded with gunpowder, ignited after the whole large bamboo can be crashed into the sky 100 feet, become a veritable "high". Some areas of the Bai compatriots and Miao, Zhuang, as from the Spring Festival to the Lantern Festival, are in the "embroidered ball" activities. Where the catch can not catch the embroidered ball, to give each other souvenirs, many times lost the ball and redemption of souvenirs, that is, expressed willingness to allow love.

Tujia Spring Festival, the Tujia people to hold a grand hand-waving dance. Hand-waving dance is a popular ancient dance of the Tujia people, including hunting, military, farming, banquets and other more than 70 dance movements, rhythmic, beautiful, simple dance, healthy mood, without props, with distinctive ethnic characteristics and a strong sense of life.

The Dai People The Water Splashing Festival is the New Year's festival of the Dai people, and it is the grandest traditional program of the Dai people in a year. It is the biggest traditional program of the Dai people in a year. The day of the beginning of the rainy season is designated as the "Water Splashing Festival". During the three or four days of the festival, people splash water on each other to wash away the old dirt on their bodies and bless the new year with happiness and peace.

Li people living on Hainan Island Li people, whenever the Spring Festival comes, every family has to slaughter pigs and chickens, set up a sumptuous delicacies and wine, the family sat together to eat "New Year's Eve"; the whole family will also be singing "New Year's Eve song". On the first day, the second day, the village of young and strong men, but also held a "Spring Festival hunting". This day's prey village **** enjoy. Interestingly, in the division of the prey, the first half of all the prey to the first hit the prey shooter; the other half by everyone equally. Pregnant women can get two shares, and passers-by who happen to meet, can also get a share.

The Lisu people of the Lisu ethnic group called the annual festival for the "Qash", most of them do indica rice, glutinous rice poop and brewing water wine, the first mortar pounded out of the poop to put a little in the peach, plum and other fruit trees, and wish the coming year fruitful. The Lisu people in the Nujiang region of Yunnan Province first feed salt to their oxen to show respect for their labor. Young men and women like to hold target shooting competitions in the Spring Festival. The girls hang their embroidered purses on bamboo poles, and the purses are shaken from side to side, inviting the young men to shoot, and whoever shoots down the purses first, the girls will send the wine as a prize to whoever is in front of their mouths.

Lahu On the night of New Year's Eve, the whole family of Lahu compatriots will take a bath and clean themselves, and make good food for the following day. In the food, special attention is paid to glutinous rice poop, in addition to eating, always give a little to the cattle to eat, off in the plow, hoe, machete and other farm equipment on a little, in order to reward its year to cooperate with the master, and wish to create more wealth in the new year.

Daur People living in the northeast on both sides of the Nenjiang River Daur, the first morning of the first day of the first month of the Lunar Calendar, young men and women dress up, first to the elders, toast, salute, and then pay tribute to the New Year, each family is prepared to have steamed cake, to pay tribute to the New Year's Eve, once the door to the steamed cake, it is said to have eaten, the production and life are able to "high year".

Mulao Tribe From the first to the fifteenth day of the first month of the lunar calendar, men, women and children of the Mulao ethnic group dress up in festive costumes, and dozens, hundreds or even thousands of people gather on the slopes of the hills or in the racecourses to sing songs about their labor, their lives and their love.

The only festival of the Dulong people is the "Kachuowo" festival, which takes place in the winter months. The most solemn ceremony is the cow sacrifice to heaven. On this day, the chief of the clan ties the ox to a stake in the center of the square. A young woman hangs a chain on the bull's horn, and then a brave and strong young man, holding a sharp bamboo spear, stabs the bull in the armpit until the bull falls down and dies. At this moment, people will dance "cow pot Zhuang" dance, and then share the beef.

Oroqen Oroqen compatriots in the Northeast, the Spring Festival morning, the first in the family according to the size of the generation pouring wine, the younger to the elders kowtow, the younger generation is to invite each other, the second and third horse racing. The first fifteen days of the first month of delicious food. On the morning of the 16th day of the first month, the activity of smearing each other's black faces is carried out. Young people should kowtow first when they wipe the black face of the elderly.

Herzhe Spring Festival, Herzhe language for the "Fo Feshix", that is, the meaning of the New Year's Eve. People wear in the hat ears, collars, cuffs, pants legs, aprons, shoes embroidered with beautiful patterns, geometric patterns and birds and flowers and other laces on the animal skin and other clothing. During the New Year's festivals, the average family makes a "fire feast" or a cake made from a wild fruit called "Bird cherry," which is also filled with fish and animal meat. To treat the guest of honor, it is used to kill the live fish, or roast the fish sticks, with this "Taraha" hospitality.

Kinuo Spring Festival, gathered in Xishuangbanna, Yunnan Province, the Kinuo tribe, betel nut chewing old man raised his head to play the cymbals, wearing a big pointed hat of the crone bowed his head to sound the gong, by the Zhouba (Zai father) was the first to play the drums, male and female youths gathered in a circle to dance unarmed.