After watching the first domestic Yilong, 600 words.

China has a good saying that China culture has a history of "5,000 years", but the totem culture of the Chinese nation is not only 5,000 years. The "one-stop train in China" has a history of 6,000 years, which has witnessed that the Chinese nation is a descendant of dragons. In other words, the pterosaur excavation in China can be traced back to 1987. In order to solve the problem of industrial and urban residents' water use, Puyang City built a Yellow River water supply regulating pool in the southwest of Puyang County, and an early Yangshao cultural site was discovered during the construction. To the south of the site is the ancient wall of Puyang built by the back beams of the Five Dynasties. After scientific exploration by national cultural relics archaeologists, four groups of animal patterns, such as dragon and tiger, were unearthed under the fourth floor of Yangshao culture. 1987, "China Yilong" was discovered at Yangshao Cultural Site in Shui Bo, west of Puyang County, Henan Province. On the left and right sides of an adult man's skeleton in the center of the tomb, there are dragon and tiger patterns carved by mussels. The dragon pattern is1.78m long and 0.67m high, with head held high, bow bent, long tail, front paws raking the ground and rear paws pedaling the ground, taking off in a straight line. Tiger pattern is 1.39 m long and 0.63 m high. The tiger's head is slightly lower, its eyes are round, its mouth is open, its teeth are exposed, its tail hangs down and its limbs alternate, like a walking tiger. The dragon and tiger patterns carefully carved with clam shells on both sides of the tomb were identified by archaeologists as "the first righteous dragon in China" 1988 coincides with the lunar calendar in the Year of the Loong. This major archaeological discovery immediately caused a sensation in academia and the press, and attracted widespread attention overseas. 1998 is the year of the tiger in the lunar calendar. Painter Li Yan wrote in the capital newspaper: "The dragon culture in China is quite rich, and' One Dragon in China' comes from Zhuan Xu's hometown, the grandson of our ancestor Huangdi." China's Yilong is a funerary object in Yangshao period (in China legend, the representative figure of that period is "Three Emperors and Five Emperors"). Dragons and tigers are all made of clam shells, and the tomb owner is a dense white bone lying between dragons and tigers 1.79 meters. What is even more puzzling is that the oldest legend in China, the Yellow Emperor Lapras ascended to heaven, is confirmed by the sculpture of the clam shell Lapras ascended to heaven unearthed in this ancient tomb. Although Lapras ascended to heaven is a legend, it is a true reflection of history. Xishuipo site is located in the southwest corner of Puyang old city. 1May, 987, a magnificent ancient city wall built by the five generations of back beams was discovered in the west and south of the site. Approved by the Ministry of Culture according to law, scientific excavation began in June of the same year. From top to bottom, the cultural layers of the site are Song Dynasty, Five Dynasties, Tang Dynasty, Jin Dynasty, Han Dynasty, Yellow River Siltation Layer, Eastern Zhou Dynasty, Shang Culture Layer, Longshan Culture Layer and Yangshao Culture Layer. Yangshao culture can be divided into three layers: upper, middle and lower. The excavation of Xishuipo site cleared up many relics, such as ash pits, earth pits, house foundations, kiln sites, ditches, adult tombs, children's urns and coffins, burial pits for soldiers killed in the Eastern Zhou Dynasty, a large number of pottery, bones, stones, mussels and other relics, as well as rich animal remains. More importantly, four groups of mussel maps and a batch of mussel and snail shells have been developed. China is the hometown of dragons, which embodies the history of the Chinese nation and represents the great unity, unity and enterprising spirit of the Chinese nation. The earliest dragon image of China was unearthed in the archaeological excavation of Xishuipo site in Puyang City, Henan Province. 1987, in order to solve the problems of chemical industry and urban residents' water use, Puyang city built a water supply regulating pool for diverting water from the Yellow River at the west water slope in the southwest corner of the old city. In the archaeological investigation with the construction, rich Yangshao cultural settlement sites were found in the southwest of the regulating pool. Since June of that year, with the approval of National Cultural Heritage Administration, the cultural relics and archaeologists in Puyang City have carried out scientific excavation of the site, and gained a lot. The most important and meaningful thing is to sort out four groups of dragon and tiger patterns of clam shells under the fourth layer of Yangshao culture, which are represented by B 1, B2, B3 and B4 respectively. B 1 is a tomb with the number M45. 17 August, in Discovery Square 137 (hereinafter referred to as T), the owner of the tomb was an old man, with his head in the south and his feet in the north, and his length was1.84m. On both sides are mussel shell dragon and tiger patterns. Dragon and tiger are opposite, and the dragon is on the east side, with a length of1.78m; The tiger is on the west side, with a length of 1.39 meters, with a head in the north and a tail in the south, and a pile of mussels in the north of the tomb owner and middle foot; B2 was found 20 meters south of B 1 and was found on T 176 September 10. Its contents include dragons, tigers, deer and stone axes. Tigers are in the west and deer are in the east. Their heads are facing north. The dragon is in the south of the tiger, with its mouth open and its tongue sticking out, showing its upper and lower teeth. There is a pile of nearly round mussels in the south of its mouth. The dragon body is folded under the tiger body. There is a spider-like pattern in the east of the faucet and a stone axe in the east. B2: the length from north to south is 2. 1m, and the width from east to west is1.33m:1B3 was discovered at T2 1 15, 25m south of B2 on October 23rd. The content is a running tiger, with its head west and tail east, and its back south and feet north running like a tail. Back-to-back with the tiger is Yilong, flying with his head held high, riding alone on his back; B4 is in the southwest of B3, and its image cannot be distinguished because it was broken by two late ash pits. The three groups of mussel pictures are unique in shape, large in scale and rich in connotation, which are first discovered in the history of cultural archaeology in Yang Yun. Experts agree that mussels belong to the early relics of Yang Yun culture in archaeological dating and are the authentic ancestors of various dragons in the Forbidden City. Subsequently, the carbon 14 was measured in the laboratory of the Institute of Archaeology, Chinese Academy of Social Sciences. The age was 6,600 years ago, and the error was less than 1.35 (corrected by tree rings). Therefore, experts nicknamed the mussel dragon "the first dragon in China". "China Yilong" caused a sensation at home and abroad. Experts and scholars from various disciplines at home and abroad have conducted comprehensive and in-depth research on it and achieved remarkable results. As the source of dragon culture in West Shui Bo, its profound connotation is being revealed, and its practical significance has gone beyond academic research itself. 1995 10 The Chinese Yanhuang Culture Research Association, Henan Yanhuang Culture Research Association and Puyang Municipal People's Government jointly held an academic seminar on "Long Culture and the Chinese Nation" in Puyang. Experts and scholars from all over the world participated in this grand meeting and achieved many research results. At the closing ceremony, the Chinese Yanhuang Culture Research Association officially named Puyang as "Dragon Township", and Zheng Feng, executive vice president, presented Puyang with a bronze medal engraved with the word "Dragon Township". 1May, 1987 to1September, 1988, the cultural relics department cooperated with the huang tang Water Diversion Engineering Team to excavate three groups of dragon and tiger patterns built by mussels during Yangshao culture in Xishuipo, southwest corner of Puyang County. Tomb No.45 in the first group has a male skeleton, which is 1.84m long, lying on his back with his head facing south and his feet facing north. On the right, Yi Long is made of clam shells, with its head facing north and east, its head held high, its back arched, its front paws leaning forward, its hind legs pedaling to the ground, and its tail swinging, which seems to roam at sea. On the left is a tiger made of clam shells, with its head facing north and west, its eyes wide open and its mouth wide open, like a tiger going down a mountain. This pattern is consistent with the black dragon in the East Palace and the white tiger in the West Palace in the four ancient astronomical phenomena. A young man is buried in three small niches in the east, west and north of this tomb. The human bone in the west niche is 1. 15 meters long, like a woman. She was about 12 years old. She had a knife wound on her head and died miserably, like a martyr. In the second group of tombs, 20 meters south of Tomb 45, patterns of dragons, tigers, deer and spiders were built with clam shells. The dragon and tiger are connected in the opposite direction, the deer crouches behind the tiger, and the spider is located at the head of the tiger. There is a refined stone axe between the deer and the spider. The third group, 25 meters to the south, is a ash pit, from northeast to southwest, with people riding dragons and tigers inside. This is consistent with the legend that "the Yellow Emperor ascended to heaven by riding a dragon" and "Zhuan Xu and Lapras traveled all over the world". In addition, birds, mussels and scattered mussels are scattered among them, just like the stars in the Sun, Moon and Galaxy. Its people gallop in the air by dragon and tiger, which is very vivid and has high aesthetic value. In addition, around the three groups of mussel patterns, the base site of Yangshao period and a large number of tombs, utensils and stone carvings have been discovered, which are very rich. The legend of dragon has a long history, and it is a totem composed of many animal features worshipped by ancient people. For thousands of years, people regarded it as a symbol of power and majesty, carved on beams and columns, molded on walls and embroidered on robes, which became the unity of truth, goodness and beauty. Therefore, it has many titles, such as "real son of the dragon", "son-in-law" and "son-in-law who wants to be a dragon", which embodies the ideals, aspirations and pursuits of the people of China. 1987 The dragon and tiger pattern unearthed in Xishuipo, Puyang County is the earliest dragon pattern found in China. According to scientific determination, they were 6460 135 years ago, so they were praised by experts as "the first Yilong in China". This great discovery caused a sensation among the national press and historians. 1988 People's Pictorial was published in 120 countries 19 edition. Major domestic newspapers, People's Daily, Guangming Daily, China Heritage Newspaper, Cultural Relics, huaxia archaeology, etc. , has made a report. The discovery of the Xishuipo site in Puyang is of great significance for exploring the origin of Chinese civilization and dragons, and for studying the ancient history, aesthetic history, religious history and astronomical calendar of China. Archaeologist Zou Heng wrote an inscription: "Chinese civilization has its own origin, dragons and tigers are everywhere, and irrefutable evidence is like a mountain", which spoke highly of it. 1995101In mid-October, the academic seminar "Long Culture and the Chinese Nation" was held in Pu. At this meeting, Puyang was named "Longxiang", and the Chinese Yanhuang Culture Research Association presented Puyang with a bronze plaque engraved with the word "Longxiang". Since then, "Longxiang" has become synonymous with Puyang. The first Yilong in China-Hongshan Yulong Hongshan Culture Yulong was made in Neolithic Age, made of jade and 26 cm high, and is now in the Wengniute Banner Museum in Inner Mongolia. The specific use of Yulong in Hongshan Culture needs to be further explored, but there is a small perforation in the middle of the dragon's back. After the test, if it is suspended by rope, the tail of keel is just at the same level. Obviously, the location of the hole is calculated accurately. Considering the huge shape and special shape of Yulong, it is not only an ordinary ornament, but also a ritual vessel closely related to the primitive religious worship in China. Yulong in Hongshan Culture was once known as "the first Panlong in China". Although we have found earlier dragon-shaped traces since then, the typical significance of Hongshan Yulong is still beyond doubt. The Chinese nation regards itself as a "descendant of the dragon", and the origin of the dragon is closely related to the formation of our national history and culture and the beginning of the civilized era. Hongshan Yulong is of great significance for studying ancient primitive religions in China and summarizing the sequence of dragon-shaped development. From this point of view, how to evaluate the cultural value of Hongshan Yulong cannot be overemphasized. Yulong is dark green, curly, flat like "C", oval in cross section and 2.3 ~ 2.9 cm in diameter. The dragon's head is short and small, the kiss is extended forward, slightly pouted, the mouth is closed, the nose is truncated, the end face is nearly oval, and there are two symmetrical round holes as nostrils. Longan is prismatic, with a round front end and a slender upturned tail. There is a long ring on the back of the neck, which is curved and rolled up, with a length of 2 1 cm, accounting for more than one third of the dragon's body. Beads are flat and thin, with inconspicuous shallow grooves and sharp edges. Most of the dragon's body has no lines, only the forehead and the bottom of the jaw are carved with fine grid-like patterns, and the grid-like protrusions are regular small diamonds. It is worth noting that the image of Yulong has a strong fantasy color and has shown many factors of mature dragon shape. Jade Dragon is carved from a whole piece of jade, and the details are also carved in relief and bas-relief, which shows the development level of jade carving technology at that time. Hongshan Yulong is unique in shape, exquisite in craftsmanship, smooth and full of vitality. The mysterious implication of jade dragon load adds a layer of beauty to it. 197 1 year, the symbol of Hongshan Culture, Hongshan Biyulong, was unearthed at the Hongshan Culture site in Chifeng City, which is also known as the "hometown of China Yulong". The discovery of Hongshan Jasper Dragon not only enabled China people to find the source of the dragon, but also fully confirmed the long history of Chinese jade culture. Before and after the excavation of Hongshan Jasper Dragon, a large number of jade articles were unearthed in Hongshan Culture site. There are images of dragons, fish, turtles and cicadas in jade articles, and ornaments that integrate natural phenomena into artistic conception, such as jade articles, rings and gouyun patterns, which are both vivid and refined. As Hongshan Jasper Dragon is recognized as "Yi Long of China" by archaeologists, the dragon-shaped pattern carefully carved with clam shells was unearthed at Yangshao Cultural Site in Shui Bo, western Puyang County, Henan Province. Fishtail dragon-shaped rock paintings were also found in Shizitan, Jixian County, Shanxi Province. Stone dragon patterns were unearthed at Chahai site in Fuxin city, Liaoning province. These three places all call the dragon pattern they found "China's Yilong". As the name implies, the so-called first, naturally there should be only one, suddenly so many "China's first dragon", so the debate is inevitable. However, although a lot of dragon patterns have been found in archaeology all over China in recent years, at the fourth symposium on Chinese jade culture and jade science held in late May this year, experts attending the conference thought that Hongshan Jasper Dragon unearthed in Liaohe River Basin could be called "the righteous dragon of China". Experts pointed out that Hongshan Jasper Dragon was hook-shaped, with a long mouth, a nose protruding forward, an upturned edge, a flat end face, two nostrils side by side, long hair on the neck and a curled tail tip, which looked like the word "dragon" in Oracle Bone Inscriptions. Liu Guoxiang, captain and associate researcher of the First Task Force of Inner Mongolia, Institute of Archaeology, Chinese Academy of Social Sciences, believes that Hongshan Jasper Dragon is the dragon with the largest number of dragons found so far. Dragon is a miraculous animal in China mythology, which is fickle, sexually stimulating and beneficial to all things. It is said that it can be hidden and displayed, reaching the sky in the spring breeze and diving in the autumn wind. It can also cause clouds and rain. It was the leader of many scales, the head of the four spirits (dragon, phoenix, unicorn and turtle), and later became a symbol of imperial power. Emperors all claimed to be dragons, and their vessels were decorated with dragons. According to Shan Hai Jing, Xia Houqi, Ru Shou and Ju Mang all "rode the rain dragon". There are other secretaries, Zhuan Xu, Lapras and the Four Seas, Di Ku, Spring and Summer, Lapras. The predecessors divided dragons into four types: the scaly ones are called dragons; The winged one is called Ying Long; Those with horns are called dragons; A man without horns is called a dragon. For modern people in China, the image of the dragon is a symbol, a mood and a feeling of flesh and blood. Titles such as "Descendants of the Dragon" and "Descendants of the Dragon" are often exciting, energetic and proud. Besides spreading and inheriting in China, Dragon Culture has also been brought to all parts of the world by overseas Chinese. In China residential areas or in China, dragons are still the most eye-catching decorations. Therefore, "Descendants of the Dragon" and "Dragon Country" have also been recognized by the world. Dragon is a unique cultural creation, concept creation and symbol creation of China people. "Dragon Spirit" is a symbol of the Chinese nation, a symbol of China's 5,000-year great history, and the spirit of the great China people who are industrious, brave, indomitable, bold and innovative, honest and harmonious. Dragon ranks fifth among the traditional Chinese zodiac animals in China. Dragon, phoenix, unicorn and tortoise are also called "four great beasts". (There are also many ancient books and history books that refer to the "four auspicious beasts" as: caring for each other, nurturing, caring for each other and caring for each other. ) Qinglong and Baihu, Suzaku and Xuanwu are the four astronomical phenomena in China.