China's presumption of guilt or innocence?

1, China implements the principle of presumption of innocence. 2. Presumption of innocence, also known as innocent analogy (corresponding to guilty analogy), simply means that anyone should be regarded as innocent before being convicted according to law. In addition to the above, the presumption of innocence also includes: the defendant has no obligation to prove his innocence, and the defendant's act of providing evidence that proves his own advantage is an act of exercising the right of defense, and the defendant cannot be found guilty because he has not or cannot prove his innocence. The principle of presumption of innocence is an important principle of criminal justice in modern countries ruled by law, a basic human right recognized and protected by international conventions, and one of the lowest standards formulated and implemented by the United Nations in the field of criminal justice. 3. Article 12 of the Criminal Procedure Law: No one shall be found guilty without a judgment by the people's court according to law. Article 195 After the defendant's final statement, the presiding judge announced an adjournment, and the collegial panel made the following judgments after deliberation based on the facts, evidence and relevant laws and regulations: (1) If the facts of the case are clear, the evidence is true and sufficient, and the defendant is found guilty according to law, a guilty verdict shall be made; (2) If the defendant is found innocent according to law, a verdict of innocence shall be made; (3) If the defendant cannot be found guilty due to insufficient evidence, a verdict of acquittal shall be made because the accused crime cannot be established due to insufficient evidence.

Legal basis: Article 12 of China's Criminal Procedure Law stipulates: "No one shall be convicted without the judgment of the people's court according to law." Is this the true principle of presumption of innocence? I think it only absorbs some spirit of the principle of presumption of innocence to a limited extent. Because the presumption of innocence emphasizes that you should be considered innocent until you are confirmed guilty, and the provisions of article 12 say that you cannot be considered guilty until you are confirmed guilty. In fact, this is a vague statement and shows a skeptical attitude. I just can't be sure of my guilt but I don't admit my innocence. This seems illogical. If the true presumption of innocence is the confirmation of right and wrong, then article 12 is the evasion of right and wrong. Generally speaking, the true principle of presumption of innocence has not been determined in China.