What treatments are available for breast cancer? What are the traditional treatments for breast cancer?

Breast cancer is a relatively common cancer disease in life, which will cause many adverse effects on health, and need to be timely adjusted to recover, so as not to cause further damage to health, so what are the treatments for breast cancer? What are the traditional treatments for breast cancer? There are many treatment methods for breast cancer, so let's learn more about the details below.

1. Surgery

1. Surgery

It is a kind of method for earlier breast cancer, and it is often used as a kind of palliative treatment for more advanced breast cancer. Total mastectomy, with axillary clearance and preservation of the pectoral muscles, is considered a contemporary standardized treatment for patients with stage I breast cancer and a portion of stage II patients.

2. Radiation therapy

Radiation therapy is a localized treatment. Radiotherapy is applied to: ① sexual radiotherapy; ② preoperative and postoperative adjuvant therapy; ③ palliative radiotherapy. The initial results of radiotherapy-based treatment with less extensive surgery (e.g., lumpectomy) have been encouraging.

3, endocrine therapy

Surgical resection and radiation therapy can reach the purpose, while endocrine therapy, the growth and regression of breast cancer has a controlling effect. About 1/3 of the patients with advanced breast cancer can be relieved or partially relieved by ovariectomy, adrenal gland or pituitary gland.

4. Chemotherapy

Chemotherapy has become an active treatment measure for all stages of breast cancer. Adjuvant chemotherapy is given to early stage cases after surgery, which can improve the cure rate; chemotherapy combined with other treatments in late stage cases also has the effect of relieving the condition and prolonging the survival period. Breast cancer is sensitive to chemotherapy. It is more suitable for menopausal women with positive lymph node signs.

5. Traditional Chinese medicine treatment

Therapy of traditional Chinese medicine plays an important role in all stages of breast cancer. Traditional Chinese medicine treatment emphasizes the overall therapeutic effect, which can effectively improve the symptoms of weakness of late-stage patients, enhance the resistance to disease by improving the patient's own immune system, inhibit the cancer cells, control the symptoms, and prevent the recurrence and metastasis of the disease.

2, postoperative exercise for breast cancer

1, lie down for 6 hours after surgery, put the affected upper limb in the functional position, place the elbow joint freely, support the forearm and hand with pillow, the same height or higher than chest wall. 6 hours later, you can take the semirecumbent position, and keep the shoulder joint braked for 3 days.

2, 1-2 days can be done to extend the finger, wrist movement 3 --- 8 times / times. 3 times a day when lying down the upper limb abduction 30 °

3, 3-4 days to do the elbow movement, forearm up and down, left and right, back and forth swing, practice elbow flexion inward 10-15 minutes / times, 3 times a day.

4, day 5 the shoulder can be intermittent forward flexion, backward extension, abduction.

5, 5-6 days to do grip ball movement, try to live self-care, the affected side of the palm touch the contralateral auricle.

6, 7-8 days can do shoulder exercises, the angle of movement extended to 60 °

7, 9-12 days can exercise to elevate the affected side of the upper limb, finger wall climbing exercises.

8, 13-14 days to practice the affected side of the palm to the back of the neck, the beginning of the low head position, and gradually reach the head up to the chest, that is, the affected limb inward, abduction, inward Shi, outward Shi, forward to elevate the stretching, and gradually upward activities.

9, 15-30 days of hanging movement, through the upper limb elevation, elbow joint straightening and shoulder joint as the center of the back and forth rotary movement.

10, 2-3 months, at this time, the flap has been healed with the soft tissues below it, shoulder flexion and extension, abduction angle can be expanded to 90 °, to achieve the basic recovery of the shoulder joint function

3, breast cancer symptoms

1. Breast lump

80% of the patients with breast cancer are first diagnosed with breast lumps. Patients often find breast lumps unintentionally, most of which are single, hard, with irregular edges and less smooth surface. Most of the breast cancer is painless lump, only a few with different degrees of hidden pain or tingling.

2. Nipple discharge

The discharge of blood, plasma, milk or pus from the nipple during non-pregnancy, or the discharge of milk even after stopping breastfeeding for more than half a year, is called nipple discharge. There are many causes of nipple discharge, and common diseases include intraductal papilloma, breast hyperplasia, ductal dilatation and breast cancer. Hemorrhagic overflow from a unilateral single orifice should be further examined, and more attention should be paid if it is accompanied by a breast lump.

3. Skin changes

The skin changes caused by breast cancer can show various signs, the most common one is that the tumor invades Cooper's ligament which connects the breast skin and deep pectoral muscle fascia, shortening and losing elasticity of the ligament, pulling the skin of the corresponding part, and then there is a "dimple sign", which means that a small indentation appears on the breast skin, like a small dimple, and it looks like a small wine. The "dimple sign" occurs when the skin of the mammary gland appears as a small indentation, like a dimple. If the cancer cells block the lymphatic vessels, there will be "orange peel-like changes", i.e., the skin of the breast will have many small dots of dimples, just like the skin of a tangerine. In the advanced stage of breast cancer, the cancer cells infiltrate into the skin along the lymphatic ducts, glandular ducts or fibrous tissues and grow, forming hard nodules scattered in the skin around the main cancerous foci, which is called "skin satellite nodules".

4. Abnormalities of nipple and areola

The tumor is located in or close to the deep nipple, which can cause nipple retraction. When the tumor is far away from the nipple and the large ducts in the breast are invaded and shortened, it can also cause nipple retraction or elevation. Eczema-like carcinoma of the nipple, i.e., Paget's disease of the breast, manifests as itching, erosion, breakage, crusting, flaking, and burning pain of the skin of the nipple, so that the nipple is retracted.

5. Axillary lymph node swelling

More than 1/3 of breast cancer patients admitted to big hospitals have axillary lymph node metastasis. Initially, the lymph nodes in the same side of the axilla may be enlarged, and the enlarged lymph nodes are hard, scattered and pushable. As the disease progresses, the lymph nodes gradually merge and become adherent and fixed to the skin and surrounding tissues. In the advanced stage, metastatic lymph nodes can be felt on the clavicle and in the contralateral axilla.