What does junior high school mathematics literacy include?

Middle school mathematics is an important basic subject, which shoulders the historical responsibility in the process of promoting quality education and is of great significance to the cultivation and development of middle school students' quality. In mathematics teaching, how to cultivate and improve middle school students' mathematics quality to meet the needs of socialist modernization is a major issue facing the majority of mathematics educators.

A definition in Professor Zhang Dianzhou's Design of Mathematics Quality Education (draft) is: to analyze and study from four aspects: mathematical knowledge concept, creative ability, thinking quality and scientific language; Professor Zhu pointed out in "Introduction to Teaching Research of Mathematical Thinking Methods" that mathematical quality includes four aspects: ideological and political quality, scientific and cultural quality, mental health quality and labor skill quality.

The traditional expressions in China are: basic computing ability, logical thinking ability, spatial imagination ability, and the ability to analyze and solve practical problems with mathematical knowledge. It is suggested to increase "the ability to build mathematical models".

According to the American Mathematics Curriculum Standard, the goal of mathematics education should be to have the following five mathematical qualities:

① Understand the value of mathematics;

(2) Have confidence in their mathematical ability;

③ Ability to solve mathematical problems;

④ Learning mathematics communication;

⑤ Master mathematical thinking methods.

More generally speaking, mathematical literacy is a professional habit of mathematicians, and we hope to make our major better, more precise and stricter. It is certainly a good thing to have such excellent professional habits.

Of all human practices, conscious practice is much faster than unconscious practice only by natural growth. As long as there is such a strong demand, desire and consciousness, everyone can form a higher mathematical literacy if they persist.

Extended data:

Let's take an example to see how mathematical literacy plays a role in it. /kloc-there was a river in Gothenburg, Germany in the 0 th and 8 th centuries. There are two islands in the river, and there are seven bridges between the two islands on both sides. The question is: how can one go back to the original place without repeating the seven bridges?

This question seems to have little to do with mathematics. It's a geometric problem, but it's not Euclidean geometry about length and angle. Many people failed, and Euler, with a keen mathematician's eye, guessed that there might be no solution to this problem (this is reasonable reasoning).

Then he turned the problem into a highly abstract "one stroke" problem. The modeling is as follows: See the right figure, can you draw all the lines from a point without leaving the paper, so that the pen can still return to the original starting point.

The following deductive analysis begins. The requirement of a stroke makes the graph have such characteristics: in addition to the starting point and the ending point, a straight line must come in at the intersection of straight lines in a stroke, so the curves intersecting at the intersection must be even.

In the seven-bridge problem, all four intersections are odd curves, so the problem has no solution. Euler further proved that a connected undirected graph has a path that passes through each edge of the graph once and only once if and only if the number of odd vertices is 0 or 2. This is his pioneering work on graph theory, a new branch of mathematics, which was later called euler theorem.

References:

Baidu Encyclopedia-Mathematical Literacy