What you know about Tibetan culture

The Tibetans are mainly found on the vast Tibetan Plateau, living in the Tibet Autonomous Region as well as in Tibetan autonomous prefectures and counties in Qinghai, Gansu, Sichuan and Yunnan. The Tibetans believe in Lamaism, which has a profound influence on their culture and customs. In terms of diet. Tibetans abstain from eating odd-footed and five-clawed animals and birds, such as horses, donkeys, mules, chickens, ducks and geese. Tibetans in most areas also do not eat sea food and fish. Tibetans can eat is even hoof animal meat, such as pasture-raised cattle, sheep, wild deer, etc., hooves are double flap, that is, even hoof, its meat is edible.

Tibetan herdsmen's diet is mostly four meals a day, the first meal at 7:00 in the morning. Eat more tsampa, drink ghee tea, 10 o'clock to eat the second meal, 2 o'clock in the afternoon to eat the third meal, also known as lunch, in order to consume meat-based food. 8 p.m. to eat the fourth meal, food to porridge-based. Overall herdsmen to cattle, mutton and milk tea as the main food, dairy products such as ghee, yogurt, cheese. The diet of the Tibetans in the agricultural area is based on grain, with vegetables as secondary. Tsampa is the daily food of the Tibetans, it is made of barley or peas by frying and grinding powder, and then by several channels of processing and blending procedures made of poi food. Po food is rich in nutrients, crispy and sweet, not only Tibetans eat all their lives, other ethnic groups living in the Tibetan region also like.

Tibetan daily life can not do without tea, ghee tea is the Tibetan people always indispensable beverage. Barley wine is a necessary drink for Tibetans at festivals. Customarily, barley wine refers to barley beer, this wine is yellow and green light, wine sweet and sour. In Tibet, in addition to monks in accordance with the rules of taboo wine, Tibetan men, women and children almost all drink barley wine.

Tibetan Folk Crafts

There are many kinds of Tibetan folk crafts, with rich national style and unique craft characteristics, which are quite famous in the world.

The carpets have unique weaving method, bright color, simple and auspicious composition, and rich national style; the carpet surface is delicate and soft, the craftsmanship is exquisite, beautiful and generous, with great appreciation and collection value; the washing does not lose hair and fading, and it is durable. Especially in jiangzi carpet is the most famous.

The Tibetan quilt has a thousand years of history, originated in Langkazi County, west of the Yangzuo Yong Lake. The traditional products of Tibetan quilt are Aini, Aisong, Aixi and four kinds of foot meshes. Tibetan quilt has delicate, soft, tight density, thick texture and other characteristics.

Tibetan Blanket is the top grade woven with yak wool, the middle grade woven with sheep fine wool, and the bottom grade woven with general wool and yak wool or pure wool. Tibetan blankets are durable, warm and moisture-proof, easy to carry, the majority of monks and lay people, especially farmers and herdsmen will use it as bedding.

The serge is also called the Tibetan woolen nickname. To the mountain south zacang, after Tibet jiangzi, Tibet east mangkang and other places produced by the most famous. Serge is fine and flat, soft and smooth, is the main raw material for processing Tibetan clothes, Tibetan boots, gold flower cap.

Aprons are mainly produced in Shannan, Rikaze and Lhasa, etc., is the favorite decoration of Tibetan women, the Tibetan language called "Bongdian". Gonggar County apron production is said to have a history of five or six hundred years, known as the "township of aprons", the production and quality of Tibet's top.

Woolen pockets are Tibet, Hui, Menba, Lhoba people's life necessities. There are more swing (small satchel), zabujie (small pocket), kende (pouch) and so on several kinds of, generally woven with sheep's wool, red, blue, green various patterns, small and beautiful, out of food, utensils and so on.

The tent is the herdsman's lodging equipment. Tent is divided into three kinds: yak wool tent, strong, not leakage, is the herdsman's necessities; canvas tent, the top painted with flowers, patterns, people, animals, auspicious patterns and yongzhong, etc., go out to work with; flat cloth small tent, is to visit the linca or over the folk festival when the supplies.

The Tibetan waist knife There are decorative, self-defense, production, life and other uses. Lhasa, Lhatse, Dangxiong, Yi Gong and other places of the waist knife is the most famous. Generally in the copper sheath engraved with dragons, phoenixes, tigers, lions and other patterns, some also embellished with gemstones, agate and other decorations, exquisite, delicate and detailed. Lazhi Tibetan knife, sharp edge, beautiful style, durable, over the years best-selling at home and abroad.

Wooden bowl is to tung, birch and other tree roots and branches on the giant tumor and grapes, rhododendron rhizome processed into a wide variety of styles, texture, not easy to rupture. The Menba region is known as the home of wooden bowls. The advantages of wooden bowls are convenient and durable, smooth and beautiful, easy to carry.

Tibetan shoes, cowhide leather for the bottom, the upper with various colors of silk thread or various colors of leather, serge, gold satin made. Tibetan shoes are roughly divided into three kinds, namely, "Songba shoes", "Garo shoes" and "Duozha shoes". "Songba shoes" is known for its beautiful pattern; "Garo shoes" is beautiful and sturdy; "Duozha shoes" is produced in Chamdo. Do shoe craftsmen are concentrated in Lhasa, Shigatse, Chamdo, Zedang and other places.

Ethnic cap Many kinds of hat, which is the "Jiren Jinke" national cap (also known as the Tibetan gold flower cap or treasure top hat) is the most famous. Fine production, style and color has a unique national style. Hat edge around the general use of otter or rabbit hair around the system, cap with gold ribbon or silver ribbon to do decorative, golden, bright and colorful. Wearing a hat is quite elaborate, women wear the front and back of the two big hat folded into the hat, leaving only the left and right two small hat edge. When men wear, the hat is slightly oblique, young and strong people generally behind the hat folded into the hat, the old people generally put the four hat edge are placed outside.

Gold and silverware The production of gold and silverware is one of the most complex and difficult traditional crafts in the Tibetan national handicraft industry. Its main tools are hammers and carving knives, in addition to fireplaces, bellows and so on. There are two procedures, first put the gold and silver on the charcoal fire, and then use the hammer to make semi-finished products. Then they are carved on the semi-finished products to make the finished products. Bracelets, necklaces, hair ornaments, knife pins, wine cups and other gold and silver more carved with a variety of exquisite patterns.

Tibetan mural art

Tibetan mural painting has a long history, in the long river of history, through successive generations of painters continue to practice

and refinement, learning and absorbing the strengths of foreign paintings, integration and integration, so that it has a unique national

style, colorful forms of art, a rich and wide range of performance content. Such as historical stories,

character legends, folklore, Tibetan medicine illustrations, astrological divination, religious myths, etc., is the western

Traditional Tibetan culture and art in the garden of a flower, but also in the world of painting art treasury of a

jewel.

Tibetan writing

The history of Tibetan writing has been more than 1300 years, the Tibetan language is divided into Weizang, Kham, Amdo three dialects. The Tibetan language was created in the early 7th century A.D., since the 33rd generation of the Tubo tribe Zanpur Songganbuzan took power, sent minister Tunmi Sangbuza and his entourage to study Sanskrit in Tianzhu, and according to the characteristics of the language of Tubo, created 30 consonants and 4 rhymes of the pinyin script. By the 9th century AD, after Tibetan King Rebabu ascended to the throne, he simplified the pinyin of Tibetan, enriched the vocabulary, improved the grammar, compiled dictionaries, and wrote the history of Tibet, which led to a greater development of Tibetan culture.