What is the structure and classification of milling machines?

Fig. 5-30 Horizontal universal lifting table milling machine 1- spindle speed change mechanism; Two beds; 3- main shaft; 4 beams; 5— Toolbar support; 6- workbench; 7-turntable; Figure 8 cross skateboard; 9— Lifting platform; 10— There are many kinds of table milling machines with feed speed change mechanism, which can be divided into horizontal lifting table milling machines (hereinafter referred to as horizontal milling machines), vertical lifting table milling machines (hereinafter referred to as vertical milling machines), CNC milling machines, tool milling machines and gantry milling machines according to their structural forms and uses. Among them, the horizontal universal lifting table milling machine is the most widely used one at present, as shown in Figure 5-30. It is mainly characterized in that the spindle axis is parallel to the workbench, and it mainly consists of a lathe bed, a spindle, a cross beam, a longitudinal workbench, a turntable, a transverse workbench, a lifting platform and the like.

(1) bed. It is mainly used to fix, support and connect all parts of milling machine, and is equipped with transmission mechanism.

(2) the main shaft. The spindle is a hollow shaft with a precise taper hole at the front end, which is used to install the milling cutter or cutter shaft and drive the milling cutter or cutter shaft to rotate.

(3) cross beam. Hangers can be installed on the cross beam to support the extended end of the cutter shaft to enhance the rigidity of the cutter shaft. The cross beam can move along the horizontal guide rail at the top of the lathe bed to adjust its protruding length.

(4) Longitudinal workbench. The workpiece is fixed on the longitudinal workbench and can move longitudinally on the turntable guide rail to drive the workpiece mounted on the workbench to feed longitudinally.

(5) turntable. The function of the turntable is to rotate the longitudinal workbench by an angle in the horizontal plane (clockwise and counterclockwise can rotate at most 45) for milling spiral grooves, etc. Whether there is a turntable is the main difference between universal horizontal milling and ordinary horizontal milling.

(6) Horizontal workbench. The transverse worktable is located between the lifting table and the turntable, which can drive the longitudinal worktable to do transverse feed together.

(7) Lifting platform. The lifting table can make the whole workbench move up and down along the vertical guide rail of the lathe bed to adjust the distance between the workbench and the milling cutter, and can drive the longitudinal workbench to do vertical feed together.