How to pay attention to the traditional culture in poetry and prose

China's traditional ancient poetry is not only beautiful in artistic conception, but also diverse in forms, concise in language and profound in thought, which recorded all aspects of China's politics, economy, military and culture at that time, especially in culture. Ancient poetry is a rare artistic treasure to study the traditional culture of China. Ancient poetry can truly convey the traditional cultural life of China, some show the quality of the Chinese nation, some show the integrity of the Chinese nation, and some show the traditional virtues of the Chinese nation. Ancient poetry is easy to remember and memorize, and it is catchy to read, so it can be said that it is widely read. There are ancient poems to learn and recite in primary school Chinese reading textbooks all over the country, and the length is very large, and the content and form also involve many aspects. For example, Unit 1, Volume 11 of the Chinese People's Education Edition for Primary Schools, and three ancient poems "Mo Mei", "Bamboo Stone" and "Poetry of Lime" interspersed after class all show the strong qualities of the author's perseverance, perseverance and courage to struggle. There are two ancient poems in Unit 5, among which the famous sentence "Spring breeze is green in Jiang Nanan, when will the bright moon shine on me" reflects the author's deep homesickness. What's more, "only an inch of grass has a little affection, and three wisps of spring scenery are appreciated" reflects the author's sincere and profound love and gratitude to his mother. Respecting the elderly has always been one of the traditional virtues of the Chinese nation. As can be seen from the primary school Chinese reading textbooks, there are many words used in learning and reciting ancient poems, but in fact, words can also convey rich traditional cultural knowledge, and they are more detailed and specific. For example, in Unit 8 of Book 10 of Chinese in primary schools, there are two words "Bodhisattva Xia" and "divination operator" after class. Parts of speech like this are also very suitable for primary school students to read and recite. The authors of ancient poems always write profound meanings with images and short sentences. It can be said that ancient poetry has a long artistic conception and a strong cultural atmosphere, which is one of the indispensable contents for primary school Chinese reading to penetrate China traditional culture. 2 Collecting Spring Festival couplets The traditional culture of our Chinese nation is rich and colorful, and folk culture is one of the essences. Teachers can assign students to do a special homework in winter vacation: each person collects at least 5 pairs of Spring Festival couplets. After school starts, let the students show and exchange their own couplets, and exchange them in class activities. Students can also be asked to express these types of couplets, such as: two words, three words … more than ten words; According to the location of the stickers, some are posted on the main entrance and side door, some are posted on the kitchen and stove, and some are posted on department stores and hardware stores; From the content point of view, some praise virtues, some praise leaders and great men, some reflect the achievements of reform and opening up, and some start with business names ... After this classification, students have a fresh feeling about Spring Festival couplets. When they think there is so much knowledge in the little Spring Festival couplets, they will take the initiative to read and recite them. In this process, students feel language, remember language and accumulate language. In addition to collecting and sorting out Spring Festival couplets, students can also be asked to pay attention to jingles, allegorical sayings, proverbs and traditional customs in daily life, and collect them appropriately to strengthen their accumulation for use. 3 recite idioms 3. 1 recite idioms in class. Some primary school Chinese textbooks have idioms that need to be recited in class, and some are in the garden of each unit. Most of these idioms are arranged in pairs, which are reasonable, similar in meaning, the same in structure, opposite in meaning or related. Teachers can ask students to memorize these idioms and help them understand their sources, original meanings, present meanings and scope of application, so as to truly master them. In addition, after-class idioms not only require students to memorize, but also require students to memorize. 3.2 Extracurricular excerpts of idioms. In extracurricular reading, students often come into contact with many idioms and accumulate them through "excerpt". For example, everyone prepares an "idiom excerpt" and records it as soon as they meet it. By consulting reference books, they can understand the general meaning of this idiom and try to use these idioms in their studies. In addition, in extracurricular activities, in order to cooperate with students to extract and accumulate idioms, teachers can also carry out some activities such as "I tell idiom stories", "idioms solitaire" and "Who is the king of idioms", which can greatly arouse students' enthusiasm in collecting idioms. 3.3 Pay attention to idioms in life. It is not difficult to remember idioms as long as you pay attention everywhere. In addition to idioms in textbooks and extracurricular reading, there are countless idioms in radio, movies, TV and daily language. If students pay attention to life and accumulate over time, there will be more and more idioms in their idiom library. Students' traditional cultural literacy has been steadily improved. 4. Make full use of traditional festivals for effective cultural edification. For example, the Mid-Autumn Festival is coming. Guide students to inquire about some information related to the Mid-Autumn Festival. For example, what are the nicknames for Mid-Autumn Festival? What is the origin of Mid-Autumn Festival? Which famous people have written poems about the moon? What are the traditional customs of Mid-Autumn Festival? What are the legends about Mid-Autumn Festival? On the basis of inquiry, organize materials, write reports, and communicate in the form of web pages and demonstrations. You can also recite poems, watch the bright moon and eat moon cakes ... A traditional festival can take a long period from information inquiry to actual experience, so that students can learn Chinese in practice and feel the unique ethnic customs in the process of creating a festive atmosphere. Spring Festival, Lantern Festival, Tomb-Sweeping Day, Dragon Boat Festival, Mid-Autumn Festival, Double Ninth Festival, if these important traditional festivals allow our students to explore and experience in Chinese learning in a planned way, such cultural inheritance is of far-reaching significance. 5 Create a cultural atmosphere Post portraits of ancient celebrities and famous sayings written by calligraphers on the classroom walls, and create a corner of "national cultural fast food" on the blackboard newspaper to create a strong cultural atmosphere. In the teaching of traditional cultural texts, allusions and poems related to the texts should be quoted to pave the way for introducing new courses and stimulate students' strong desire and interest in learning. At the same time, you can choose appropriate music or video materials according to the content of the text, so that students can feel the exquisite and wonderful culture and art in China. At the same time, we can also introduce the excellent traditional culture of China to students through campus broadcast, publicity column and blackboard newspaper. For example, guzheng music creates a campus education atmosphere of traditional culture. Being good at teaching and expanding, I found that in every volume of China Gardens, the contents of ancient poems, idioms, famous sayings, three-character classics, couplets, agricultural proverbs, couplets and other traditional cultures are systematically arranged. These contents are very beneficial for students to learn language, culture and life. For the teaching of these contents, my approach is to learn one and expand the other. In teaching, on the basis of understanding the original aphorisms of textbooks, teachers guide students to collect famous sayings, stories and anecdotes left by sages after class. In such learning activities, students broaden their horizons, from point to point, let students see the virtues of the ancients and get a profound education.