Gaoshanzu diet

Name of food picture of Gaoshan nationality

What are the traditional foods of Gaoshan people? Gaoshan people in Taiwan Province Province have the custom of eating "long-year dishes". Long-lived vegetables are also called "mustard greens", which indicates longevity. Some people add long vermicelli to long dishes to symbolize immortality.

Gaoshan people eat two or three meals during the solar eclipse. The food sources are mainly rice, millet, taro, sweet potato, banana and miscellaneous beans, supplemented by hunting birds and animals, fresh fish and collected wild vegetables.

The staple food is mostly made of rice, porridge, cakes, cakes or bazin. Use leaves instead of aged grains to wrap millet, peanuts and animal meat for cooking. Among them, A-mei is used to cooking with pepper, Bunong people mostly cook millet into paste, Yamei people like taro and sweet potato, and Pingpu people often use the specialty "fragrant rice" to cook. Side dishes are generally pork, animal meat, pumpkin and potatoes, and love mustard. Paiwan used betel nut shells to hold water as meat, and put hot stones into cooked stone cook the meat; A-mei's "half-breed meat" is a mixture of chicken, pig and animal meat; The Atayal's "Chili Jiang Shui"; Ah Mui's Salt and Mustard; Bunun people's "flowers wrapped in Linxiya leaves" and so on are all creations. The tableware of Gaoshan nationality is extremely simple. They use local materials, use bamboo or rattan to hold rice, use bamboo tube to hold soup, and use bamboo spoon, wooden spoon and water cup to make tableware. When eating, everyone squats next to the iron pot, holding coconut shells and snail shells of rice in their hands and grabbing rice with their hands, which is somewhat similar to the practice of some countries in Southeast Asia. In recent years, they have gradually become accustomed to using chopsticks.

The non-staple food of Bunun nationality includes bacon or dried meat, dried wild vegetables and dried vegetables, but the quantity is not much. If they catch game or fish, they will go to cook the meat and invite friends and relatives to get together.

There are many kinds of condiments in the north and south, such as salt, lard, brown sugar, honey and ginger. Pepper, etc. Bacon and salted fish are also added to the non-staple food, and pickles are pickled with mustard.

In her spare time, Ah Mui often goes to the stream to catch shrimps, shellfish and crabs as delicacies on the table. They also like many kinds of fruits, besides the common ones, there are grapefruit, breadfruit, coconut and so on.

Yamei people live on taro and potatoes every day, and there are many varieties. According to statistics, there are 0/0 species of sweet potato/kloc-0, 8 species of yam, 9 species of black taro and 8 species of water taro. Their orchards are developed, but few vegetables are planted, so women and children often have to eat wild plants, fruits and shellfish as food supplements.

Pingpu nationality was influenced by * * earlier in Gaoshan nationality. /kloc-rice became their staple food after * * * arrived in Taiwan Province province in the 6th century. According to historical records, the rice of Pingpu nationality is full of fragrance, and the aroma of cooked rice will not decrease for two or three days. However, due to the small planting area and low yield, the crops planted every year are only enough for one year's consumption.

Classification of eating habits of Gaoshan people

Cultural craft

Hand-made leather carving

Cotton painting | Lamian Noodles wool

Chopsticks sculpture | Cloisonne

Carved porcelain | Creative hand painting

Bowl of | * * flowers

Painting | Doudou painting

Cotton-padded jacket embroidery

Handmade clay figurine

Ceramic Art | Zeng's Shadow Sculpture

Micro-book | engraving paper

Micro-carving | bamboo carving

Kite | paper cutting

Word cutting | clay figurine painting crescent moon

Mud | asphalt paint

Egg carving | Q version doll

Silk and bamboo musical instrument | gourd pyrography

Silhouette | inside painting

Department store plaza

Health products | tea

Curtains | lighting

Household articles | audio-visual books

Popular clothes

Watch | belt

Jewelry | custom-made clothes

Popular clothes | children's clothes

Headdress | scarf gloves

Shoes | glasses

China clothes | bag

Boutique world

Pearl | Tibetan ornaments

Artifacts | antiques

Crystal | ceramics

Toy | jade

Folk customs in China >>

Clothing characteristics of Gaoshan nationality

The men's and women's costumes of Gaoshan nationality are colorful and colorful. The most representative clothing is shell clothing, also called shell clothing. This kind of clothes is carved with shells or small round beads with holes, worn with hemp thread and sewn on the clothes according to horizontal lines. A beaded coat needs about 50,000 to 60,000 beads. In the past, it was usually used to make clothes for chiefs or heads of families. Take the current series as an example, the collarless sleeveless buttonless double-breasted gown is 100 cm long and 44 cm wide. With the original white linen woven with red patterns as the bottom, the whole body is covered with pearl strings polished and cut by shells, with more than 2,700 rows of about 80,000 pearls; The back is decorated with three rows of copper bell beads, each with four strings. Because there are many shells and beads, it takes a long time to make, so it is very valuable. Judging from the shape of shell clothes, the shell clothes of Atayal people are white and dazzling, and they are arranged neatly, giving people a pure and beautiful feeling. However, orange, yellow and green are the common colors of paiwan shell clothing. In recent years, some of them are mostly black and dark yellow, with more meticulous workmanship, more patterns and more delicate and transparent beads, showing the pursuit of gorgeous style. The ancient beaded clothes were flat and long, plain and obscure, but the locals took the ancient beaded clothes as precious and proud. This is related to the simple folk custom of ancestor worship. Shell clothing has a long history. Gong Yu, one of China's earliest geographical works, records that "the island is clothed with flowers, and the basket weaves shellfish". If you mean this shell coat, it has a history of more than two thousand years. Shell clothing can sometimes be used as currency, but it is more of an aesthetic appreciation value and a contribution of Gaoshan people to China culture.

The clothing of Gaoshan men is generally equipped with a feather crown, a horn crown and a corolla. Generally, women of brotherly nationalities like to take flowers as the crown, while men of Gaoshan nationality take flowers as the crown, which can be said to be a feature. Men in some tribes also wear earrings, headdresses, foot ornaments, armbands and bracelets, which are colorful. The women's dresses of Gaoshan nationality are basically open-chested, and the skirts and sleeves are embroidered with exquisite and beautiful geometric patterns. This cardigan suit is suitable for subtropical climate, which can not only quickly dissipate heat and cool down, but also easily show the plump and solid figure of the upper body of the human body, making people feel lively, free and charming. Women wear knee-length shorts, beads, bracelets, gorgeous belts and garlands around their necks. Its hat is also very distinctive. Men wear rattan hats when they go up the mountain. There is a circular pattern on the top of the hat, which is a symbol of Yamei totem. Gaoshan people like to wear tall silver helmets when offering sacrifices. A silver helmet is a record of wealth accumulation. They cast the silver coins exchanged in kind into silver rings and made helmets, which were handed down from generation to generation and future generations. The heir adds at least one ring to the helmet, and the son divides the silver helmet into rings and distributes them to his son. On this basis, a new helmet was cast and passed down from generation to generation. People often wear this kind of silver helmet when they hold various festivals or launch new boats. This is a symbol of hard work, thrift and wealth. There are still some differences in the costumes of Gaoshan tribes. Clothing is the symbol of culture and the externalization of national aesthetic characteristics. The costumes of Gaoshan ethnic group pursue diversified colors and gorgeous styles.

commodity classification

Cultural craft

Hand-made leather carving

Cotton painting | Lamian Noodles wool

Chopsticks sculpture | Cloisonne ... >>

Cooking methods, raw materials and practices of Gaoshan cuisine

Crystal shrimp dumplings

1. minced pork 150g, fresh shrimp 175g, and half a carrot.

2. Cut the shrimp into small pieces and chop the carrots.

3. Put three kinds of fillings into a large bowl to prepare fillings, and first add 20g salad oil.

4. Add the right amount of salt.

5. Add another 5g of soy sauce.

6. Stir everything evenly and put it together for later use.

7.200 grams of flour (above) and 50 grams of raw flour (below)

8. After mixing the two powders, pour boiling water and knead into dough.

9. After kneading into dough, add 20g lard and knead into a smoother dough.

10. If it is not used for a long time, cover the kneaded noodles with a wet cloth.

1 1. Divide the dough into appropriate sizes and start wrapping. I didn't use a rolling pin and it cracked when I rolled it. I am

If you knead dough by hand, you should be more careful when wrapping it.

12. Boil the water and steam it in a steamer 10 minute.

What kind of millet, rice, potatoes and taro do Gaoshan people usually eat with miscellaneous grains, wild vegetables, prey, millet, upland rice, fragrant rice and rice?

Gaoshan people are addicted to alcohol, tobacco and betel nut.

Food that Gaoshan people like to eat 150 words. The diet of Gaoshan people is mainly cereals and rhizomes. Generally, millet, rice, potatoes and taro are common foods, supplemented by miscellaneous grains, wild vegetables and prey. Pingpu people also specialize in fragrant rice and like to eat "herbal paste" (the grass paste in deer intestines is ready-to-eat with salt). In the past, the diet was raw, and the diet, cooking and enjoyment were very particular. Gaoshan people generally love to eat ginger, and some directly use ginger dipped in salt as a dish; Some are pickled with salt and pepper. Ten ethnic groups in Gaoshan have their own unique foods, among which the typical food is bacon.

Customs and habits of Gaoshan nationality (clothing customs and residence) Customs and habits of Gaoshan nationality

Gaoshanzu clothing

The traditional costumes of Gaoshan nationality are colorful, and the styles of costumes of different nationalities are different.

There are generally four styles of clothing for Gaoshan men: one is the northern style represented by Atayal, Xia Sai and northern Ami. Characterized in that two pieces of linen are sewn together to form a sleeveless coat; The second is the middle type represented by Cao people and Bunong people. Characterized in that deerskin is used as a material, the coat is a deerskin vest with fur, and the coat is a deerskin shawl; The third type is the southern type represented by Paiwan people, Peinan people, Rukai people and southern Ami people. It is characterized by a double-breasted long-sleeved shirt, a waist skirt, or a wide belt hanging down at both ends as a front skirt; The fourth is the elegant beauty of Lan Yu Island. Cover your lower body with a thong made of thick cloth about three or four inches wide.

There are generally three kinds of clothing styles for Gaoshan women: one is the short skirt and long skirt style of Atayal, Cao and A-mei; The second is the narrow-sleeved long skirts of Bunun, Rukai and paiwan; The third is the elegant and beautiful semi-style. Upper body often only wear a vest, * * * waist only around a piece of cloth. Wrap a square towel around your left shoulder in winter and tie it on your left shoulder.

All ethnic groups in Gaoshan attach importance to decoration. There are many kinds of ornaments, mainly shellfish beads, shellfish slices, glass beads, pig teeth, bear teeth, feathers, hides, flowers, silver and copper jewelry, coins, buttons, bamboo tubes and so on. They use these ornaments to decorate their bodies with dazzling colors. Men, in particular, dress up almost from head to toe. Some men's crowns, especially those of leaders, are even more complicated and colorful than women's.

residence

The settlements of Gaoshan people are mostly on the back of the mountain, facing the river. Amy and people from the North and South live in the vertical valley of Taitung, while Yamei lives in the seaside around Lan Yu Island. In the past, the houses of Gaoshan people were mostly on the ground, and some were recessed underground.

The houses of Atayal people are generally built halfway up the mountain, with the houses facing down. One kind of house is completely built on the ground, and the other is a semi-cave building. The house is recessed into the ground and the eaves are not higher than one and a half meters.

Xia Sai people's houses are generally built on relatively flat hills without a certain direction. Bunun's house is built on a steep hillside with the door facing down. It is a semi-basement house. Most Cao people's houses are built on the flat ground on the hillside, and the doors are not facing.

Paiwan's house is built on a hillside, facing down. Houses are generally built on the ground, and some are dug at a low place about half a meter inside the house. There are two kinds of wooden houses and stone houses: wooden houses are large wooden houses with square timber as columns, wooden boards as walls, wooden boards or thatched roofs. There are many humanoid or serpentine carvings on the beams, columns, eaves, doors and walls of this wooden house, which has a unique style; The stone house takes logs or vertical boards as columns, flaky as walls, and small slate as tiles on the gable roof, which looks like a turtle shell and is covered with large slate.

When building a house on a slope, Lu Kairen first pushed the foundation into a "dustpan shape", which is a semi-underground house. Ah Mui's house is built on the flat ground, with no clear direction. The living room of Peinan people is round and surrounded by bamboo fences. Most of Yamei's houses are built on the slopes of the coastal foothills, facing the sea. Building materials are mostly taken from pebbles by the sea, which are used to lay foundations and build walls, and covered with thatch. The foundation of the house is deeply dug, the house sinks two or three meters, and the eaves are only about one meter from the ground. This is a typical semi-underground house, which can withstand typhoon attacks.

Most Pingpu houses are dry-column buildings, that is, buildings on piles that "put ladders into rooms". Most houses of Gaoshan nationality have doors, windows and chimneys. The rooms are generally dark and the furnishings are simple. At present, the living conditions of all ethnic groups have changed significantly, the building materials and construction methods are basically the same as those of the Han nationality, and the indoor furnishings have been greatly improved.

traffic

The mountainous areas where Gaoshan people live together are mountainous, so it is difficult to walk like Shu Road. Mountain roads can be divided into "social roads" and "hunting roads". A wooden bridge, a bamboo bridge or a rattan bridge shall be erected at the place where the deep valley and dangerous cliff stream pass. Wooden bridges are mostly single-plank bridges, that is, a big tree is cut into squares and placed on both sides of the stream. There are also two trees across the ravines, with the lower end inserted into the stream and the upper end leaning against the rock wall. There are two kinds of bamboo bridges: short bridges with three or four thick bamboos placed on rocks; Long bridge with thick bamboo inserted side by side in the middle of the stream as a bridge, and then put four or five rows of bamboo on the bridge and rocks. Some people erected bamboo railings on both sides of the bridge as support. Rattan bridges are generally built between cliffs and deep valleys, often facing each other on high mountains, with large streams in the middle, which are thousands of meters deep.

Not afraid of natural disasters, Gaoshan people made two thick rattan ropes from rattan bark and hung them on both sides of the river in parallel ... >>

Living habits of Gaoshan people In ancient times, Gaoshan people were beautiful in nudity. Use only a piece of cloth to shade the shade, and use fur to bind the waist. However, after contact with China culture, men gradually wear gowns, while women wear skirts and pay attention to the beauty of clothes. Except for hides and barks, clothes are mostly made of linen woven by themselves and decorated with colorful patterns. Men's clothing types, sleeveless corsets, shawls, corsets and belts are common in the north; Deerskin vest, chest bag, purse, corset and black cloth skirt are common in the middle; Long-sleeved coats, waist skirts, trousers and black headscarves are common in the south. There are short dresses and long skirts for women's wear. Yamei's dress is simple. Men cover their nakedness with T-shirts and wear vests. Women usually wear vests and skirts and wrap them in square towels in winter.

The diet of Gaoshan people is mainly cereals and rhizomes. Generally, millet, rice, potatoes and taro are common foods, supplemented by miscellaneous grains, wild vegetables and prey. Millet and upland rice are dominant in mountainous areas, and rice is dominant in plains. Pingpu people also specialize in fragrant rice and like to eat "grass paste" (grass paste mixed with salt in deer intestines). In the past, the diet was raw, but now the diet, cooking and enjoyment are very elegant. Gaoshan people are addicted to alcohol, tobacco and betel nut.

In the past, Gaoshan people lived in caves near mountains and rivers, or made grass from bamboo and made wood as their houses. At present, there are wooden houses, bamboo houses, huts, stone houses, grass-topped underground palaces and so on. But they pay great attention to the combination of modeling and practicality. Most of them are rectangular or square, with doors and no windows.

Gaoshan people also have the custom of body decoration, such as tattooing, tooth cutting, ear piercing, hair removal, abdominal girdling and so on. Body decoration is generally for adulthood, beauty, marriage, discipline and honor.

The marriage of Gaoshan people is monogamous, and it is forbidden for close relatives to get married. Most men and women are free to love each other. For example, Atayal people whistle to express their love, and some Ami women give gifts to men's homes to express their love for each other. In the form of funeral, Atayal, Bunun and Cao are all buried indoors and under the bed of the deceased. Paiwan people and Yamei buried the dead in the open space in front of and behind the house, and all the evil dead were buried on the spot.

Gaoshan people have many taboos: after pregnancy, women are forbidden to use knives and axes, avoid eating apes, bobcats, pangolins and fruits, and avoid having twins; Avoid snakes, bobcats and mice, and cross the dead and their burial places; Avoid seeing animals mate; No farting, no sneezing, no doing anything like that. Avoid eating animal heads and tails; Men are forbidden to touch women's special woven fabrics, hemp fabrics, hoes and pigsty; Women are forbidden to touch men's exclusive weapons, hunting gear, sticks, etc.

Pictures and introductions of ethnic food Mongolians-On New Year's Eve, when they were younger, the family sat around the stove in the bag, offered "farewell wine" to their elders, and then feasted on roast leg of lamb and dumplings. Gaoshan people-Gaoshan people in Taiwan Province Province have the custom of eating "long-year dishes". New year's dishes are also called "New Year's dishes" ...

Cultural Customs of Gaoshan Ethnic Group The diet of Gaoshan ethnic group is mainly cereals and roots, and millet, rice, potatoes and taro are commonly used as food, supplemented by miscellaneous grains, wild vegetables and prey. Millet and upland rice are dominant in mountainous areas, and rice is dominant in plains. Except Yamei and Bunun, several other ethnic groups take rice as their daily staple food, supplemented by potatoes and miscellaneous grains. Yamei people living in Lan Yu live on taro, millet and fish, while Bunun people live on millet, corn and potatoes (locally called sweet potatoes). Pingpu people also specialize in fragrant rice and like to eat "herbal paste" (the grass paste in deer intestines is ready-to-eat with salt). In the past, the diet was raw, and the diet, cooking and enjoyment were very particular. Gaoshan people are addicted to alcohol, tobacco and betel nut. In the production method of staple food, most Gaoshan people like to cook rice or steam glutinous rice and corn flour into cakes and cakes. Alpine vegetables have a wide range of sources, most of which are planted and a small amount is collected. Common ones are pumpkin, leek, radish, cabbage, potato, beans, pepper, ginger and various wild vegetables. Gaoshan people generally love to eat ginger, and some directly use ginger dipped in salt as a dish; Some are pickled with salt and pepper. The source of meat mainly depends on pigs, cows and chickens. Fishing and hunting are also a supplement to daily meat in many areas, especially the Gaoshan people who live in the mountains. Captured prey is almost the main source of daily meat. Ten ethnic groups of Gaoshan have their own unique foods, among which the typical ones are: bacon, the methods of storing meat by Atayal and Amir of Gaoshan, among which Atayal pickled monkey meat, Amir pickled venison and wild pork are unique; Miscellaneous liquor is a kind of rice wine brewed by Paiwan people and Bunong people of Gaoshan nationality. When the Bunun people are cooking staple food, they mash the small grains of rice in the pot into paste. People in paiwan like to roll up millet with banana leaves, mix it with peanuts and animal meat, steam it and eat it as a holiday delicacy, and take it with them when they go hunting. However, as a snack brought by hunting, salty spices such as salt are generally not added to the stuffing. When hunting in the mountains, Atayal people like to use bananas as stuffing, wrap them in glutinous rice, then wrap them in banana leaves, steam them and take them away. Paiwan people like to mix sweet potatoes, cajanus cajan, taro stalks, etc., and eat them when cooked. Atayal people like to drink cold water soaked in ginger or pepper. It is said that this drink has the effect of treating abdominal pain. I used to hunt in the mountains and also had the habit of drinking animal blood. Both men and women are addicted to alcohol and generally drink their own brewed rice wine, such as millet wine, rice wine and potato wine. Yamei likes to mix rice or porridge with taro and sweet potato and cook it as a staple food. When going out to work or travel, dry taro or cooked sweet potato and glutinous rice products similar to zongzi are often used as dry food. When paiwan and other ethnic groups hunt, they only bring matches, not pots. First, they build stones, heat them with dry firewood, and then put taro, sweet potato and so on. Under the stone, cover it with sand and eat it after cooking. When eating mustard, first remove the growing leaves, rub them with salt, and eat them for two or three days. The mustard roots left in the ground will continue to grow. Paiwan doesn't eat dogs, snakes and cats. And the way to eat fish is also very unique. Generally, after catching fish, they take a slate and heat it on the spot. They bake the fish on the slate until it is 80% cooked, and sprinkle with salt to eat. Children in paiwan are not allowed to eat eels or even the heads of other fish, which is considered unlucky. When a-mei cooks meat dishes, she likes to cut the meat into pieces, insert bamboo sticks, cook it and put it in a big pot, and the whole family gathers around the pot. Everyone uses rattan baskets to hold rice, * * * uses a spoon to scoop vegetables, grabs rice in one hand and eats meat in the other. During the transplanting season, they like to catch small frogs in rice fields, take them home, wash them with clear water, cook them and eat them. Some ethnic groups, such as Ami and Atayal, also eat raw fish caught. They also like to peel the hunted millet, add salt and marinate it with half-cooked millet for several months. Pickled foods are usually preserved in several ways, such as pickling, drying in the sun and baking. Pickled pigs and fish for a year or two. Gaoshan people used to drink neither boiled water nor tea. The traditional costumes of Gaoshan nationality are colorful, and the styles of costumes of different nationalities are different. There are generally four styles of clothing for Gaoshan men: one is the northern style represented by Atayal, Xia Sai and northern Ami. Characterized in that two pieces of linen are sewn together to form a sleeveless coat; The second is the middle type represented by Cao people and Bunong people. Characterized in that deerskin is used as a material, the coat is a deerskin vest with fur, and the coat is a deerskin shawl; The third type is the southern type represented by Paiwan people, Peinan people, Rukai people and southern Ami people. It is characterized by a double-breasted long-sleeved shirt, a waist skirt, or a wide belt hanging down at both ends as a front skirt; The fourth is the elegant beauty of Lan Yu Island. Cover your lower body with a thong made of thick cloth about three or four inches wide. The clothing types of Gaoshan women are short dresses and long skirts. There are roughly three types: Atayal, Cao and A ... >>