Building construction process 34 practices

Building construction process 34 kinds of practices

Building construction refers to the implementation stage of engineering construction production activities, is the process of construction of various types of buildings, and ? construction site? Below, I have 34 practices for you building construction process, take a look!

A cast-in-place column concrete conservation technology

Technological practices: after the concrete is poured, it should be according to the technical program of construction in a timely manner to take effective conservation measures, it should be covered and moisturized within 12 hours to take watering conservation of concrete, the concrete. The number of watering should be able to keep the concrete in a moist state, the water used for curing should be the same as the water used for mixing, and the concrete covered with plastic sheeting should be covered tightly with all of its openings, and the plastic sheeting should be kept with condensation water. Concrete surface inconvenience watering or use of plastic sheeting, it is appropriate to brush the maintenance agent.

Second, the stair treads, the sun corner protection technology

Technological practices: the height and width of the stair treads in strict accordance with the design requirements of the construction. Stair treads of the sun set through the long finished copper or plastic corner, angle steel, 6mm diameter steel bar, plastering will be buried in the corner of the surface layer, so that the corner of the corner of the protective strips and the surface of the surface layer of the outside surface level, the stair treads on the outside of the upper plane of the set of tiles to block the edge of the water, the following set of drip grooves.

Third, the frame beams, columns, plate nodes shaped template application

Method 1: beams, columns, plate joints using a combination of small steel templates and shaped corner template support, template seams placed sponge strips. The shaped corner template is customized according to the actual situation.

Method 2: customized shaped template using bamboo glue board.

Fourth, the bathroom concrete flap and floor cast concrete overall construction method

In order to improve the waterproof performance of the toilet and bath room, for the concrete flap requirements to take the lifting mode and the floor of the whole concrete pouring.

Fifth, sponge strips in the template project application technology

Technology and practice: in the template project construction, the brick structure of the structural columns, beam template installation, in the structural columns on both sides, the lower side of the wall of the ring beam paste soft foam sponge strips or hard sponge strips with double-sided adhesive.

Advantage: It can effectively prevent the wall surface pollution caused by the spillage of concrete cement paste.

Sixth, the top of the infill wall diagonal roof brick masonry practices

Technological practices: pre-cutting of the top of the masonry bricks, so that the top and bottom of the diagonal roof bricks for the plane, diagonal placement of the masonry and the horizontal plane into a 60-degree angle.

Advantages: the top and bottom are flat, ensuring the thickness of horizontal mortar joints in the masonry is about 10mm, avoiding the quality problem of excessive mortar thickness. The top brick and the horizontal plane at an angle of 60 degrees, the masonry is more dense, so that the masonry better become one. It avoids the quality problem of through-seam in the contact area between the infill wall and frame beam after plastering. Convenient construction, neat masonry, good quality of perception.

VII, masonry in the shaped bricks using cutting or prefabricated construction practices

Technology and practice: the wall used in the seven points of the head is generally prefabricated by the brickyard or at the construction site site with a toothless saw cutting, horse teeth Crouch bricks protruding from the part of the bottom skin of the brick is also used toothless saw cut into 45 degrees beveled.

Advantage: the bottom skin of the projecting part of the horse tooth hewer bricks is cut into 45 degree beveled to facilitate the concrete pouring dense and improve the quality of the wall view.

Eighth, masonry construction, the application of the number of skin rod technology

Technology and practice: the number of skin rod using 3cm?5cm wood planing made of wood, the number of skin rod under the adjustable base, the number of skin rod should be ash joints, the location of the pressure tendon, the wall of the construction of changes in the clear identification and fixed stable.

Nine, door and window wood blocks using precast concrete block construction practices

The traditional method of fixing door and window frames is pre-buried wood bricks in the wall, due to the wall is now mostly porous brick masonry, wood bricks are not fixed firmly, is now changed to pre-cast concrete blocks, cross-section dimensions of the same blocks in the same, in the masonry of the wall will be prefabricated into the original concrete blocks, and the door will be fixed to the position of the wood blocks, and the door will be fixed to the position of the door. When the wall is built, the precast concrete blocks are built into the original position of the wooden bricks, and the door and window frames are fixed on the precast concrete.

Ten, structural column reinforcing steel position of the fixed method

In the top of the structural column set a reinforcing steel tic-tac-toe fixing frame, tic-tac-toe frame in the inside of the reinforcing steel skeleton with the hoop bar together with the structural column reinforcing steel fixing to ensure that the structural column main bar spacing, the tool-type tic-tac-toe turnover to use, to effectively prevent the process of concrete pouring vibration of the steel reinforcement. Displacement. Reinforcing bar tic-tac-toe is made according to the size of the column. 8 or 10 steel bars are spot welded with electric welding machine to form the tic-tac-toe bracket. Two sides of the well bracket are close to the brick wall, and the other two sides are close to the template, make sure the size is accurate before installation. After placing the well frame with the hoop bars tied to the structural column reinforcement, and finally the template installation.

XI, reinforcing steel works anti-pollution practices

In the pouring of concrete before the PVC plastic pipe sets in the column reinforcing steel (tube root for the elevation of the concrete pouring), that is, it can effectively prevent the cement slurry exposed column reinforcing steel, but also to facilitate the construction of concrete.

XII, staircase plate construction joints stay construction practices

construction practices: staircase support molding, according to the construction specification, the staircase treads construction joints should be left in the staircase within one-third of the span of the cast-in-slab, staircase treads construction joints across the lower part of the block template, according to the reinforcement spacing and specifications slot, the card, the construction joints, the construction joints, the construction joints and the construction joints, the construction joints and the construction joints. According to the spacing and specifications of the steel groove, stuck in the steel does not move and perpendicular to the bottom of the mold, the bottom of the plate under the main reinforcement pad a with the same thickness of the protective layer of reinforcing steel or plastic pads, used to ensure that the bottom of the main reinforcement of the thickness of the protective layer.

thirteen, masonry wall without frame eye construction

Technology practices: first in the scaffolding steel pipe crossbar end welding a T-shaped flat iron, masonry height to the point of erection, erection point to be selected in the vertical gray joints and horizontal joints at the intersection of the scaffolding support, crossbar end of the T-shaped flat iron flat on the wall can be placed in the flat iron placed in the mortar, in order to The scaffolding can be installed on the wall.

Fourteen, structural columns, beams, no frame eye template support new technology

Technology a:

Adopted in the ?GZ ?Supporting the mold cross-section of the pre-buried ?14 tensile bolts (outside the ?15 PVC plastic pipe) used to fix the template instead of masonry in the retention of the frame eye, to improve the wall ` overall masonry effect. Specific construction process operation:?GZ?template using 12mm thick whole face plywood, with three 50mm?80mm usually wood flute as one, that is,?GZ?use a fixed template on each side. When supporting the mold, the tensile bolts are pre-buried in the section of ?GZ?, and 4 groups of 50mm?80mm short wooden squares are used for locking on the outer side of the end of each layer, and 100mm?100mm usual wooden squares are used to support the inner shady corner parts. Brick-concrete structure A? Zigzag and L-shaped corners, T-shaped corners, should use this method.

Technique two:

(1) using a combination of shaped steel moldboard, with a short steel pipe and special through-the-wall bolts to lock the template, special through-the-wall bolts with ?12 rebar at one end of the welded on the steel pipe sleeve or a zigzag blocking the head, and the other end of the wire sleeve.

(2) masonry wall, according to the specification requirements to stay at the frame eye pre-buried plastic pipe, after masonry will be pulled out of the plastic pipe, the formation of pre-drilled holes.

(3) Supporting the mold in the reserved holes into the?12 special bolts, the end of the socket with a nut on the tightening can be.

Process three:

Circle beam hard frame support molding process practices:

(1) wall masonry, in the circle beam under a skin of bricks at the buried ?16 PVC plastic pipe, masonry, gently rotate the wire pipe and pull out, the formation of ?16 mounting holes, the spacing of 800?1000mm.

(2) Installation of ∟40 ?4 Angle made of special tools, in the mounting holes through the ?14 special bolts. The mounting holes will be fixed by threading 14 bolts in the holes.

(3) Install the common combined steel template, tighten the bolts and adjust the straightness of the template.

The supporting molding process of the structural column:

(1)During the masonry construction, 240mm from the structural column on the horizontal mortar joint, use the?16 PVC plastic pipe to leave?16mm installation holes, with the vertical spacing of not more than 800mm.

(2)After the acceptance of the structural column reinforcement, the combined template will be installed.

(3) Installation of ∟50?5 angle steel made of special molds, fastened with ?14 through the wall bolts.

Process four:

According to the wall thickness intercept the corresponding length of PVC pipe, each end of the set of rubber plug head, so that the size of the two plug head outside is exactly the size of the cross-section of the concrete component, support the mold wear on the tie-bolt rod to fix the template, the concrete is poured, when removing the template, take out the rubber plug head, fill the holes with 1:2 cement mortar wipe smooth. Another way is to prefabricate 5mm thick flat iron, flat iron end made of 5cm long 90 degree hooks, wall supporting the mold or scaffolding support, the flat iron through the wall buried in the brick joints, and also play the same effect with the use of the wall.

Advantages:

1, no eye support mold process requires less stereotypes mold, mold turnover rate is high, cost savings, template installation and dismantling is convenient.

2, masonry without eyes, improve the overall strength of the wall.

3, concrete Surface flat, smooth, consistent color, effectively eliminating the quality of concrete slurry and pollution of the wall.

4, eliminating the conventional racking eye of the process, reducing labor costs, and creating conditions for shortening the construction period.

XV, floor leaks floor tiles set of four sloping service practice

Process practice: bathroom, kitchen floor sloping paving floor tiles, according to the design requirements around the floor drain to four sloping, the round floor drain or square floor drain floor tiles into four, diagonal Cutting, paving slope. Floor tile at the floor drain is the traditional practice of the whole brick corners protruding or recessed, affecting the effect of perception and drainage quality. Improvements to the original construction method, not only to improve the quality of drainage, to prevent the phenomenon of inverted slopes, but also to increase the effect of perception.

Sixteen, skirting board inlaid plastic strip construction practices

Technology practices:

(1) leveling layer is completed to clean up the wall, sprinkle wet.

(2) wall paste cake, bullet line.

(3) Hanging line with 1:2 cement mortar or stucco plaster powder set with plastic strips.

(4) Wipe the skirting line.

(5) Subsequent construction.

Advantages: inside the skirting line with a new line, line coloring clear, reduce mutual pollution, but also to avoid the dark skirting line hair wall surface delivery of the residential project later renovation brought about by the trouble.

XVII, to prevent the floor tiles bulging construction practices

In the paving of the floor tiles before, along the wall around the paste 8 ~ 10mm thick benzene board, in the wall and the floor to form an elastic contact surface between. Ground tile hooking material using cement fly ash hooking, seam width 3 ~ 5mm, the ratio of 1:2.

18, indoor wall tiles adhesive grass-roots brushing construction practices

tile adhesive grass-roots level with a special plastering tool, launched a wide 3mm flat groove or take other effective brushing measures. Make the bonding layer firmly affixed to prevent tile drumming, the effect is remarkable.

nineteen, the root of the water and sewage pipe leakage prevention practices

process practices: kitchen and bathroom floor leveling layer before making the root of the pipe in the fine concrete arc slope. Waterproof construction of waterproofing additional layer, waterproof layer to the ground surface layer below 20mm. PVC pipe bottom should be made of plastic casing, net height of 20mm, the inner diameter than the drainpipe OD 25 ~ 40mm, fill with water sand mortar, the upper mouth of the smoothing, painting.

Advantages: waterproof layer directly to the location of the water-blocking platform, eliminating the leakage of the root of the pipe and the root of the pipe is beautiful, neat.

Twenty, up and down the water level riser holes, plug holes in the new technology

Technology practices:

(1) with the iron plate to make a simple plug hole mold.

(2) Use the riser as a support to install the mold.

(3) Pour the hole concrete.

(4) Remove the mold, clean up, paint and store.

Advantages: the mold is easy to make, quick installation, solid, easy to remove, can be used in turnover, can eliminate plugging holes and swelling molds, as well as the quality of the pipe root is not equal to the common problem.

XXI, after plugging the mouth of the wooden door frame fixing practices

Construction practices:

(1) the doorway plastering requirements of the length and width of the dimensions must be accurate, according to the door and window openings plastered after the size of the door and window openings, each side of the 1.5 ~ 2mm gap to determine the size of the wooden door frame production.

(2) The wooden door frame will be straightened and leveled after the temporary fixation, and then use the impact drill along the length of the wooden door frame vertically hit ?6 round holes, round holes into the wall depth of not less than 70mm, the number of fixing points according to the specification requirements.

(3) the ?6.5 steel bar cut into 105mm long, one end of the diagonal cut, and then hit the wall with a hammer, the other end of the wooden frame embedded in the face of the 1 ~ 2mm.

(4) the wooden frame and the wall joints with elastic materials to fill in the joints, and then close the sealing glue.

Advantages:

(1) Saves the wood of the reserved wooden bricks and improves the firmness of the installation of the wooden door frame.

(2) Ensure the flatness of the plaster on both sides of the wooden door frame.

(3) Avoid the pollution and damage caused by the plastering of the first wooden door frame, which is conducive to the protection of the finished product.

Twenty-two, to prevent wall cracks in the construction practices

To prevent or mitigate the quality of wall cracks, in the masonry of the first floor and the top of the window sill elevation to set up 60mm thick horizontal and vertical cast-in-situ reinforced concrete bands or window sill under the compression tendon and other technical measures of the construction can be effective in preventing cracks in the wall.

Twenty-three, poured large-area plane concrete vacuum suction construction process

Technology practices: after pouring, vibration, leveling the concrete surface spread on the suction mat, start the vacuum equipment from the concrete to suck out the free water.

Advantages: Concrete vacuum suction is to accelerate the construction progress of an advanced technology, in improving the strength of concrete at the same time, shorten the construction period, accelerate the construction progress.

Twenty-four, masonry masonry using mortar scraping practice

The traditional sweeping wall process is omitted, the use of masonry with mortar hook method.

Twenty-five, concrete shear wall and column support reinforcement construction practices

Concrete shear wall, column template support, the use of sets of PVC pipe and plastic plugs on the head of the tensile bolts reinforcement templates, effectively preventing the concrete pouring, vibration process of the runout, leakage of slurry phenomenon, and can be easily withdrawn from the screw, improve the screw Turnover utilization rate. At the same time, the plug head forms a flared mouth, which is more convenient for blocking the bolt holes.

Twenty-six, tie bar after planting construction practices

In the frame structure of the infill wall masonry, infill walls and frame columns at the intersection of the tie bar, to promote the use of structural adhesive after planting method of construction practices, changing the traditional practice of pre-buried iron, steel in the column, so as to ensure that the location of the tie bar and the elevation of the accurate.

Twenty-seven, brushing plaster instead of cement mortar or mixed mortar in the indoor plastering project in the application of technology

Construction practice: brushing plaster is divided into the bottom layer of brushing plaster and surface layer of brushing plaster, the bottom layer of brushing plaster used for plastering wall bottoming, leveling, the thickness of the grass-roots leveling, verticality, and can cover the grass-roots level can be, the thinnest place is not less than the base layer, and the bottom layer is not less than the base layer. The thickness depends on the leveling and verticality of the grassroots, and it can cover the grassroots, and the thinnest place is not less than 5mm. The operation method is the same as that of cement mortar plastering, and mechanical mixing, slurry spraying, and then manual scraping and rubbing can be used to find the leveling surface. The plaster layer of water-sand mortar or mixed mortar is prone to quality problems such as hollowing and cracking during construction, and the plaster layer will appear cracks due to the contraction and deformation of cement after being delivered for use. The plaster has the characteristics of early-strength, fast hardening, fireproofing, strong bonding force for heat insulation, automatic adjustment of indoor humidity, and fine and comfortable surface appearance and feel. Due to its micro-expansion and large bonding force, it can effectively prevent cracks, skinning and peeling of plaster, and at the same time, it does not require high requirements for plastering grass-roots level, and it can be directly plastered without brushing any interfacial agent or cement mortar on the surface of grass-roots level.

Twenty-eight, staircase balustrade cold-drawn chrome-plating new technology

Technological practice: the staircase balustrade cold-drawn chrome-plating new technology, the use of steel than the original design of the diameter of the steel bar 4mm thicker than the diameter of the design of the steel bar cold-drawn into the design of the steel bar diameter and then chrome-plated.

Advantages: the staircase balustrade using round steel direct chrome plating, there are often surface roughness, poor brightness and easy anti-rust and other shortcomings. After adopting this process, the finish, brightness and rust resistance of the balustrade can be greatly improved.

Twenty-nine, decorative engineering plaster surface layer of the anodic part of the L-shaped anodic strip construction practices

Construction practices: according to the design requirements to complete the construction of the plaster leveling layer, the L-shaped anodic strip pasted to the anodic part of the use of the method of hanging line to control and check the quality of pasting, the requirements of the anodic strip of the whole length of the hanging slurry sticking, allowing the intermittent pasting, the surface layer of plastering, the surface layer of plastering, the surface layer of plastering. Intermittent pasting, surface plastering to the anodic corner instead of gray rib, and with the small surface of the sharp corners of the anodic corner strip plastering. If you use brushed gypsum material plaster, you can directly paste the L-shaped anodized line to the anodized part, and then wipe the surface.

Classification of anodized strips:

1. Plastic anodized strips used for plastered walls such as walls, columns, beams and doors and windows;

2. Anodized strips used for tiled walls.

Advantages: 1, after inlaying a balcony corner part, the corner line is straight, obvious, beautiful, and the overall effect is excellent in the view.

2, in the construction of the work, the sun angle line instead of the gray bar, more convenient for the operator's operation and to ensure the control of the quality of plastering.

3. It can effectively protect the corners.

Thirtieth, stair treads paste wear-resistant copper practice

Stair treads anodized paste wear-resistant copper, construction method is simple, beautiful, durable.

Thirty-one, wooden door scraping construction practices

Technology practices:

(1) clean up grass-roots

(2) scraping varnish

(3) scraping, batch putty

(4) sanding and leveling

(5) painting

(6) play patch Putty

(7)Sanding and smoothing

(8)Painting and scraping

(9)Fine sanding

(10)Painting, and later scraping and scraping with a big board according to drying condition.

Advantages: the use of a large plate scraping process, so that the paint surface is flat and smooth, bright, color consistency, thick texture, but also eliminates the quality of the brush pattern, falling and other common problems.

Thirty-two, full wire boom in the installation of engineering applications

Material characteristics: full wire boom for the first class round steel in the factory for the whole rod sets, galvanized finished rod. In the construction site can be used according to the length of the interception, and then one end of the silk rod will be installed on the nut, washer, expanding tube and internal expansion bolts, the formation of self-expansion anchor end, so as to play the role of having a hanging boom.

Advantages: the process is easy to operate on-site, fast installation, and good quality after installation.

Thirty-three, hot galvanized pipe groove connection technology

Technology: hot galvanized pipe to promote the groove connection technology, the technology selection of high-quality rubber seals, fittings for high-strength corrosion-resistant ductile iron, life expectancy exceeds the pipe itself, the groove joints of the flange and the end of the pipe groove circumferential circle of teeth, and then lock the high-strength bolts.

Advantages: the technology has easy operation, fast installation, no need for secondary galvanization and rust removal, easy maintenance, and save 10% to 20% of the total cost of construction compared to traditional connection technology.

Thirty-four, drainage pipe in the centrifugal cast iron pipe application technology

Centrifugal cast iron pipe organization dense, thin wall, light weight, the interface using stainless steel clamps and rubber ring connection, easy loading and unloading. Compared with socket cast iron pipe and PVC pipe, it has the characteristics of easy maintenance, joint leakage prevention, corrosion resistance, aging resistance, and long service life of noise reduction.

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