What kiln is the most varied of the five great kilns of the Song dynasty?

The location of porcelain burning is in Quyang County, Hebei Province, the village of Jianjie and East and West Yanshan villages. Quyang County Song belongs to the Dingzhou, Dingzhou the end of the Tang Dynasty, since the Five Dynasties is the residence of the Yiwu Festival Minister, is the political center of a region, so it is called the Ding kiln.

The Ding Kiln in the Song Dynasty mainly burned white porcelain, and also burned black glaze, soy sauce glaze, green glaze and white glaze pick flower ware. The white glaze decoration has three kinds of engraved, scratched and stamped.

The second characteristic of Ding Kiln products is that there are engraved, scratched and printed patterns, which is obviously different from the white porcelain of Xing Kiln in the Tang Dynasty. The white porcelain of Xing kilns in Tang Dynasty was mostly plain porcelain without flower decoration.

Third, Ding porcelain has awn, awn refers to the disadvantage of the middle without glaze due to the use of re-firing method.

2. Ru kiln .

Henan Province is an important production area of porcelain in northern China, many porcelain kilns are concentrated in the central region of Henan. The Song Dynasty here has appeared several famous in the time of the kiln, Lin Ru kiln is one of them. Part of the burning court porcelain, is one of the five famous kilns of the Song dynasty Ru kiln; another part of the burning folk porcelain, for easy distinction, now known as Lin Ru kiln. Ru kiln is characterized by: First, the glaze color green and moist. Second, created a special style of celadon printing. Third, the body has very fine grain pieces, like ice cracks, crab claws, but also cracked. Fourth, the bottom of the tiny support pegs burn marks. This is due to the Ru kiln changed the practice of the Ding kiln re-firing, with tiny pegs to hold.

3. Official kiln .

It is said that during the Daguan and Zhenghe years of the Song Dynasty, Emperor Huizong ordered the construction of kilns in Bianjing (Kaifeng, Henan Province, today) to burn ceramics for the use of the court, which is known as the "official kilns". In order to distinguish it from the kilns of the Southern Song Dynasty, it is sometimes called the Northern Song Dynasty kiln. Northern Song official kiln products glaze color to the moon white for the top, powder green followed by the sky green, cuiqing and the next. Inside the glaze and there are ice cracks, plum blossoms, crab claws and other small cracks, and with eel blood-like oil spots.

The Northern Song Bianjing kilns with the end of the Northern Song Dynasty and the end of the Gaozong south of Hangzhou after another new kiln, which is the continuation of the Bianjing kilns, known as the Southern Song kilns.

In the Southern Song Dynasty, there were two official kilns in Lin'an (present-day Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province). One is in the Phoenix Hill under the back of the court Xiu Nei Si, the world called Xiu Nei Si official kilns; the other is under the suburban altar, known as the suburban altar under the official kilns. Gegu Essentials" said: "official kiln ware, Song Xiu Nei Si burners, soil veins fine and moist, color green with pink, varying intensity, with crab claw pattern, purple mouth, iron feet, good and Ru kiln similar.

4. Brother kiln.

Ge Kiln is a famous folk kiln in the Song Dynasty. According to legend, there were two Zhang brothers,

Longquan County, Zhejiang Province, set up a kiln in the territory of burning porcelain. The kiln made by the elder brother was called Brother Kiln, and the kiln made by the younger brother was called Brother Kiln. The most important feature of the products of the kiln is that the glaze has a lot of light white tiny cracks, known as the "hundred trash broken", the lines are interlaced, forming a lot of glaze color is mainly green, varying intensity, but there are also mauve, yellow products. Black tire thick glaze, purple mouth and iron feet is another of its characteristics, brother kiln and Ru kiln is different, it is not seen in the Song records. Brother kiln porcelain kiln site has not been found, it is also difficult to ceramic archaeology materials and heirloom brother kiln ware corroboration.

5. Jun kiln.

Jun kiln was built in the early Northern Song Dynasty, the kiln site in today's Henan Province, West Zhang Shen Town, Yuxian. The uniqueness of the kiln porcelain is that it is a kind of milky glaze, the glaze also contains a small amount of copper, different from the Yaozhou kiln, also different from the Ru kiln, the glaze color is reddish, such as the evening sun in the blue sky. Green is also different from the general celadon, although the color shades vary, but more nearly blue, is a blue emulsion glaze. It is a creation and breakthrough in celadon technology.

The glaze colors of Jun kiln wares are relatively rich, colorful and gorgeous. There are rose purple, begonia red, aubergine purple, onion green, as well as sky blue, beige, moon white, kiln change, etc. Among them, red, purple is the most famous. Among them, the red, purple is the most valuable, known as "jun red", "jun purple".

Jun kilns in the Song Dynasty created the use of copper oxides as a coloring agent, the success of copper-red glaze fired in a reducing atmosphere, for China's ceramic technology, ceramic aesthetics opened up a new realm.