The significance of the names, times and customs of traditional festivals.

The Spring Festival is the first day of the lunar calendar: the first day of the first lunar month in a narrow sense, and the first day of the first lunar month to the fifteenth lunar month in a broad sense. The ancient names of the Spring Festival are: Yuanri, New Year's Day, Jacky, Chen Yuan, Yuanshuo, Niandan, Nianchao, Xinzheng, Shouzuo and Sanyuan ("Zheng" means "Zheng" in the first month of the lunar calendar), commonly known as "Hebo". ”。 It is difficult to know when the Spring Festival (the New Year in the summer calendar) originated, but it is generally believed that it originated from the activities of offering sacrifices to gods and ancestors at the end of the Yin and Shang Dynasties (La Worship) in China. The summer calendar produced in Xia and Shang Dynasties takes the moon's profit and loss period (now called the first lunar month) as a month, and a year is divided into twelve months, starting with the day when the moon is not seen (the first lunar month) and taking the return period from winter to the sun (now called the tropic year or the solar year, later called the solar year) as a year, and setting leap months to adjust the lunar year. A year begins at midnight on the first day of the first month, which is the beginning of the year. At the end of the year and the beginning of the year, we will celebrate the harvest of the old year and pray for the harvest of the new year, so there will be a series of activities such as offering sacrifices to gods, ancestors, celebrations and prayers. The name "nian" began in the Zhou Dynasty. As for the determination of the beginning time of a year (in other words, the arrangement of the order of months), it is also related to the astronomical calendar (as mentioned above). According to legend, summer was in the lunar month (the first month of the lunar calendar), Shang was in the ugly month (the December of the lunar calendar), Zhou was in the child month (the November of the lunar calendar, that is, the winter month), Qin was in the sea month (the October of the lunar calendar), and it was restored in the Western Han Dynasty. But in ancient times, the first day of the first month was called New Year's Day, Yuanri, Xinzheng and so on. Until the victory of the Revolution of 1911 in modern China, in order to conform to the agricultural season and facilitate statistics (in fact, the solar calendar part of the summer calendar guided the agricultural season-the twenty-four solar terms), it was stipulated that the people used the summer calendar (the lunar calendar), and the organs, factories, mines, schools and organizations implemented the Gregorian calendar (the chronological law of the Republic of China should be adopted instead of the AD law). On the eve of the founding of New China,1September 27th, 949, China People's Political Consultative Conference officially designated the Lunar New Year as the "Spring Festival", so many people still call it the Spring Festival. In fact, the ancient "Spring Festival" refers to the "beginning of spring" in the twenty-four solar terms of the lunar calendar. Qingming Festival

(Time): April 5th in Gregorian calendar.

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Tomb-Sweeping Day is the most important festival in China, and it is the most suitable day to worship ancestors and sweep graves. Grave-sweeping is commonly known as going to the grave and offering sacrifices to the dead. Most Han people and some ethnic minorities visit graves in Tomb-Sweeping Day.

custom

According to the old custom, when sweeping graves, people should bring food, wine, fruit, paper money and other items to the cemetery, offer food to the graves of their loved ones, then burn the paper money, cultivate new soil for the graves, break some green branches and insert them in front of the graves, then kowtow and worship, and finally go home after eating and drinking. The poem Qingming written by Du Mu, a poet in the Tang Dynasty, said: "There are many rains during the Qingming period, and pedestrians on the road want to break their souls. Ask local people where to buy wine? The shepherd boy pointed to Xinghua Village. " Write about the special atmosphere in Tomb-Sweeping Day.

Tomb-Sweeping Day, also known as the outing festival, according to the solar calendar, between April 4th and 6th every year, it is the season of beautiful spring and lush vegetation, and it is also a good time for people to have a spring outing, so the ancients had the custom of going for an outing in Qingming and carrying out a series of sports activities.

The origin and legend of Tomb-Sweeping Day;

The traditional Tomb-Sweeping Day in China began in the Zhou Dynasty and has a history of more than 2,500 years. Tomb-Sweeping Day is first of all a very important solar term. As soon as Tomb-Sweeping Day arrives, the temperature rises, which is a good season for spring ploughing and planting. Therefore, there is a saying that "melons and beans are planted before and after Qingming". Agricultural proverb "Planting trees is not as clear as Qingming". Later, as the days of Qingming and cold food approached, cold food was the day when people banned fire to sweep graves. Gradually, cold food and Qingming became one, and cold food became another name of Qingming and became a custom of Qingming. On Qingming Day, there are no fireworks, only cold food.

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