In which dynasty was the Min dialect area formed?

Min dialect area was formed in the Warring States period.

At the end of the Warring States period, the State of Yue was destroyed by the State of Chu, and the royal family of the State of Yue retreated to present-day Fujian, establishing the State of Min and Yue, and merging with the local aborigines to form the Min-Yue language. Later, Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty destroyed Fujian and Vietnam, and moved a large number of Fujian and Vietnam nationalities to live in Jianghuai area. There is no one in Fujian, only the garrison of the Han Dynasty is stationed here. These garrisons brought their mother tongue, ancient Chinese, into Fujian, and blended with the elements of Fujian-Vietnam language, eventually forming the original Fujian language. Because of this, there are a lot of ancient Chinese and Han phonetic components in every branch of Min dialect today.

The branch of Min dialect mainly passes through Fujian, which is mountainous and inconvenient in transportation, so it is called "a different sound in ten miles". Min dialect is differentiated from ancient Chinese or middle Chinese, which is very similar to the formation of the extinct Bashu language in Sichuan. There is a great controversy in today's linguistics about when Min dialect began to differentiate into different languages.

At the end of the Western Jin Dynasty, the Yongjia Rebellion occurred, and a large number of Han people in the Central Plains moved to Fujian to avoid disasters. The population of Jin 'an County has surged, and the history says that eight surnames entered Fujian. These immigrants brought a large number of phonemes from Central Plains Chinese. In 669, Zheng Chen and Chen Yuanguang moved to Fujian from Gushi, Henan Province, and became independent in Zhangzhou. During the Tang Dynasty, due to the influence of the imperial examination system, the rhyme system was introduced into Fujian. At the end of the Tang Dynasty, during the Five Dynasties and Ten Kingdoms period, Wang and Wang led the troops into Fujian, and then established the Fujian separatist regime in Fuzhou for more than 40 years. These events have had a great and far-reaching impact on Min dialect.

During the Ming and Qing Dynasties, a large number of Minnan people immigrated by boat to southern Zhejiang, southern Guangdong, Hainan and Taiwan Province Province, and spread Minnan dialect to coastal areas, forming the present pattern. There are also many Fujian people who emigrate overseas to Southeast Asia and other places, so there are also a considerable number of ethnic groups who speak various Min languages in Southeast Asian countries.