Architectural characteristics of roofs of Shaanxi folk houses

Shaanxi folk houses refer to the local traditional folk houses in Shaanxi province, and the forms of folk houses in Guanzhong, southern Shaanxi and northern Shaanxi are quite different.

1. Guanzhong dwellings

With its unique simple and magnificent architectural style, Guanzhong residential buildings are unique in China. However, regardless of the south or the north, the traditional folk houses are characterized by sitting north facing south and paying attention to internal lighting; Wood beam bearing, brick, stone, soil wall; Focusing on the main hall, he is good at carving beams and painting buildings, decorating roofs and cornices.

2. Folk houses in northern Shaanxi

The caves in northern Shaanxi are generally built on the hillside facing south, facing the sun, facing the mountains and facing the open area, with few trees sheltering them, which is very suitable for living and living. Generally, the caves in the First Hospital are built with 3 holes or 5 holes, with the middle kiln as the main kiln, some divided into front and rear kilns, and some with 1 and 3 openings. From the outside, the four holes need to be opened separately. When you go inside, you can find that they have tunnel-type small doors with semicircular tops, so the space of the caves will increase. The cave walls are generally painted with lime, which looks dazzling, dry and bright.

3. Qinba Folk Houses in Southern Shaanxi

Qinba residential buildings can be roughly divided into civil structure, brick-wood structure and civil-brick mixed structure. The house with civil structure is the main structure of the house. The earth wall is the main support of the building, and the beams and eaves of the doors and windows are made of wood. The earth wall is built with wooden boards and earth layer by layer. Building soil is made of local materials, reinforced with grass, and some walls are reinforced with hard trees to make the soil wall stronger.

Brick-wood structure uses local spontaneous combustion bricks as the main body of the wall. In the past, blue bricks were mostly used, and the sizes of blue bricks were different. Brick-and-wood buildings are mostly built by rich people. From the size of the blue bricks and the scale of the building, we can see the wealth in a large family. Civil brick houses are made of bricks in important parts of some buildings and earth walls in non-critical parts, which are mostly used by well-off families.

Extended data

Shaanxi has a long history and is an important birthplace of Chinese civilization. In ancient times, it was Yongzhou and Liangzhou, the hometown of Yan Di and the burial place of the Yellow Emperor. Shaanxi has been the capital of emperors since ancient times. Among the nine unified dynasties, four (Qin, Western Han, Sui and Tang Dynasties) established their capitals in Xi 'an (Xianyang), leaving 79 imperial tombs, which are called "Oriental Pyramids".

Shaanxi is one of the five important science and education highlands in China, with eight double-class construction universities, including xi Jiaotong University, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Northwest A&F University and xidian university, and 10 many provincial high-level universities or provincial universities. There are three world heritages in Shaanxi, namely, the Great Wall, the Mausoleum of the First Qin Emperor and the Terracotta Warriors Pit, the Wild Goose Pagoda, the Little Wild Goose Pagoda, the Xingjiao Temple Pagoda, the Daming Palace, the Weiyang Palace, the Binxian Giant Buddha Grottoes and the Zhangqian Tomb.