What are the characteristics of the four industrial bases in China?

What are the characteristics of the four industrial bases in China? Four industrial bases:

Shanghai-Nanjing-Hangzhou area: the largest comprehensive industrial base in China.

China's largest heavy industry base.

Beijing-Tianjin-Tangshan area: the largest comprehensive industrial base in the north.

Pearl River Delta Region: A comprehensive industrial base with light industry as the mainstay.

The largest comprehensive industrial base in China: Shanghai-Nanjing-Hangzhou Industrial Zone (also known as the Yangtze River Delta) with Shanghai, Nanjing and Hangzhou as the central cities.

The largest comprehensive industrial base in the north: Jinjingtang Industrial Zone. The central cities are Beijing, Tianjin, Tangshan and Qinhuangdao.

A comprehensive industrial base dominated by heavy industry: Central and South Liaoning Industrial Zone, with Shenyang, Dalian and Anshan as the central cities.

(Tianjin-Tangshan Industrial Zone, Central and Southern Liaoning Industrial Zone and Yantai, Shandong are also collectively referred to as Bohai Rim Industrial Zone). ?

A comprehensive industrial base dominated by light industry: Pearl River Delta Industrial Zone, with central cities including Shenzhen and Guangzhou. Dongguan Zhuhai. (The Pan-Pearl River Delta also includes Hong Kong and Macao).

Shanghai-Nanjing-Hangzhou Industrial Base, the strongest comprehensive industrial base in China;

Beijing-Tianjin-Tangshan Industrial Base; China North Comprehensive Industrial Base;

Heavy industry base in central and southern Liaoning. China's largest heavy industry base;

Pearl River Delta industrial base, with light industry as the main processing base.

Characteristics of China's Four Industrial Bases: Beijing-Tianjin-Tangshan Industrial Base

1. Industrial Center: Beijing, Tianjin, Tangshan.

2. Status: A comprehensive industrial base with developed light and heavy industries, and a comprehensive industrial base in northern China.

3. Development direction: In the future, we can focus on steel, petrochemicals, marine chemicals, electronics, high-grade textiles and fine chemicals.

Liaozhongnan heavy industry base

1. Industrial Center: centering on Shenyang and Dalian, including Anshan, Benxi, Fushun, Liaoyang and other industrial cities.

2. Status: It is one of the important ancient industrial bases in China and the largest heavy industry base in China.

3. Development direction: In the future, we should still give full play to the advantages of its heavy industry base, update equipment, improve product quality, and appropriately limit the development of some industries with large energy consumption and local lack of raw material resources.

Pearl River Delta Light Industry Base

1. Industrial Center: Guangzhou, Shenzhen and Zhuhai as the centers, Foshan and Huizhou as the sub-centers, including the towns in the Pearl River Delta Economic Open Zone.

2. Present situation: a comprehensive industrial base with light industry as the mainstay.

3. Development direction: develop a variety of export-oriented processing industries, automobile manufacturing, nuclear power, tourism, petrochemical, culture, electronics and manufacturing.

Huninghang industrial base

1. Industrial centers: Shanghai, Suzhou, Wuxi, Changzhou, Nantong and Hangzhou.

2. Present situation: Light and heavy industries are very developed, and it is the strongest comprehensive industrial base in China.

3. Development direction: focusing on light industry, textile, machinery, electronics, metallurgy and chemical industry.

What are the characteristics of the four industrial bases in China? China's largest comprehensive industrial base: Shanghai-Nanjing-Hangzhou Industrial Zone (also known as the "Yangtze River Delta"), with Shanghai, Nanjing and Hangzhou as the central cities.

The largest comprehensive industrial base in the north: Jinjingtang Industrial Zone. The central cities are Beijing, Tianjin, Tangshan and Qinhuangdao.

A comprehensive industrial base dominated by heavy industry: Central and South Liaoning Industrial Zone, with Shenyang, Dalian and Anshan as the central cities.

(Jinjingtang Industrial Zone in Shandong, Central South Liaoning Industrial Zone and Yantai are also called Bohai Rim Industrial Zone)

A comprehensive industrial base dominated by light industry: Pearl River Delta Industrial Zone, with central cities including Shenzhen and Guangzhou. Dongguan Zhuhai. (The Pan-Pearl River Delta also includes Hong Kong and Macao)

Shanghai-Nanjing-Hangzhou industrial base. The strongest comprehensive industrial base in China.

Beijing-Tianjin-Tangshan industrial base. China North Comprehensive Industrial Base.

Heavy industry base in central and southern Liaoning. China's largest heavy industry base.

Pearl River Delta industrial base, with light industry as the main processing base.

Due to the favorable policies in the early days of reform and opening up, a large number of electronic and electrical processing and assembly enterprises have developed in the Pearl River Delta. Due to the convenience of transportation, especially according to the approach of Hong Kong, Macao and Taiwan, the processing enterprises with incoming materials and samples have developed rapidly, but their comprehensive industrial strength in this area is not very strong.

Shanghai-Nanjing-Hangzhou is the Yangtze River Delta, a densely populated area in history, with highly developed production and life. Relying on Shanghai, the economic capital of China, southern Jiangsu and northern Zhejiang have a vast market and economic hinterland, and the transportation is very convenient. It is closer to the northern region than the Pearl River Delta and has great market potential. Due to its strong comprehensive strength, the development of this region will make it the fastest growing among the four regions.

Beijing-Tianjin-Tangshan industrial base relies on many universities in Beijing to a great extent, which is a unique advantage in technology and rich in minerals, which is conducive to economic development. However, environmental problems, especially sandstorms and water shortage, have been restricting development. And people's income is generally low, which is a big obstacle.

The heavy industry in central and southern Liaoning has a comprehensive foundation, but its structure is aging and its management is backward. Large enterprises generally have a long history and heavy burdens, which are not suitable for the development of market economy. The area is rich in resources, but the weather is a huge constraint.

The so-called heavy industry is an industry that produces means of production, light industry is an industry that produces means of subsistence, and comprehensive industry is the coordinated development of the two. Light industry is more closely related to people's lives than industry.

Jingjintang

The location is excellent. Located in the northern part of the eastern coastal zone of China, bordering the maritime gateway of northern China, Tianjin Port and Dalian Port, which have the eastern end of the "Eurasian Continental Bridge", are the economic core areas of North China and Northeast China, with a vast hinterland covering almost half of China.

Rich in natural resources. With proven reserves accounting for 40% of the country's iron ore and oil resources, as well as a large area of coastal beaches, the natural conditions are superior.

Agricultural production has developed steadily, with abundant basic industries and complete industrial systems, especially petroleum industry, coal chemical industry, metallurgical industry, marine chemical industry, machinery and electronics industry, etc. It is the largest industrial intensive area in northern China.

Developed culture and technology, high quality of human resources, and great research and development potential. 14 institutions of higher learning,14 research and development institutions and information archives institutions, and 17% professional and technical personnel of state-owned enterprises and institutions are concentrated in this area, especially Beijing and Tianjin, which are the most knowledge-intensive areas in China and can provide all kinds of high-level talents needed for economic development.

The biggest problem encountered in the economic development of this region is the shortage of water resources and energy. In addition, the lack of vitality of large and medium-sized state-owned enterprises and the difficulty in industrial structure transformation are also major problems in regional economic development. In the future, we should strengthen agricultural construction and develop water-saving ecological agriculture; Give full play to the advantages of developed transportation, concentrated scientific and technological talents and rich steel and oil resources, actively develop automobile, electronics and high-tech industries, improve the technical level and innovation ability of advantageous industries such as steel, petrochemical and heavy machinery, and accelerate the development of industrial structure in the direction of knowledge-intensive industries; At the same time, speed up infrastructure construction and vigorously develop tertiary industries such as information, finance, commerce and tourism.

Pearl River Delta

The Pearl River Delta, located in the south-central part of Guangdong Province, has vast plains, mild climate, rivers and other superior natural conditions. It is one of China's densely populated and economically developed areas, and it is also the frontier of China's opening to the outside world.

Since the reform and opening up, the economy has developed continuously and rapidly. On the basis of the original sound economy, the average annual GDP growth of the Pearl River Delta is 198 1 ~ 1995, which is higher than that of Guangdong 14% and the whole country 12%, making it the region with the fastest economic growth and the richest people's lives.

This area is located in the southeast coast of China, adjacent to Hong Kong and Macao, and close to Southeast Asia, and its geographical position is quite superior. Such geographical conditions enable this region to take advantage of its abundant labor force and low land price, accept the spread of Hong Kong and Macao industries nearby, use Hong Kong and Macao trade channels to re-export a large number of export commodities, and participate in the international division of labor extensively.

Hot spots of foreign investment. The Pearl River Delta is a famous hometown of overseas Chinese, sharing the same cultural background and close blood relationship with compatriots in Hong Kong, Macao and overseas Chinese. The preferential policies of reform and opening up have attracted a lot of foreign investment and promoted the development of this region. From 1979 to 1995, the amount of actually utilized foreign capital in the Pearl River Delta region accounts for 16% of the whole country, of which Hong Kong and Macao funds account for 77%. At the same time, foreign capital has introduced advanced technical equipment and economic management methods, carried out technological transformation on traditional industries, and established a number of modern foreign capital and joint ventures, which have become an important source of economic growth in this region.

China's important light industry base. Now, an industrial system with light industry as the mainstay, developed heavy chemical industry, numerous industrial categories and strong product competitiveness has been formed here. Household appliances, consumer electronics, textiles and clothing, food and beverage, medicine, toys, watches, bicycles, various daily commodities and other light industries are among the top in the country. In particular, the output value of electronic industry accounts for 20% of the whole country, and it has become an important emerging electronic industry base in China.

However, with the rapid economic development in the Pearl River Delta, there has been a phenomenon of blind land acquisition, which has greatly reduced cultivated land and caused a shortage of water and soil resources. At the same time, there is a tendency to neglect agriculture, which obviously weakens basic agriculture. In addition, ecological and environmental problems can not be ignored. Therefore, in the future development, the Pearl River Delta can further cooperate with Hong Kong and Macao in industry, finance, transportation, trade, tourism and other aspects by taking advantage of the return of Hong Kong and Macao's sovereignty to realize complementary advantages. While transforming and upgrading the existing pillar industries such as household appliances, electronics, textiles and medicine, and developing new pillar industries, we will earnestly strengthen the protection of cultivated land and increase agricultural investment, thus providing a good foundation for economic development.

Yangtze River Delta (Shanghai-Nanjing-Hangzhou)

The Yangtze River Delta region refers to a series of large and medium-sized cities with Shanghai as the economic center and Shanghai, Nanjing and Hangzhou as the main bodies.

Superior geographical location and vast economic hinterland. This area is located in the middle of the coast, at the mouth of the Yangtze River. It can not only communicate with Northeast China, North China, South China and even overseas by sea, but also communicate with provinces and cities in the Yangtze River Basin with land area of 1/5 and population of 1/3 by inland navigation, and also communicate with provinces and cities in the central and western regions by railways. Its economic influence is almost all over the country.

The level of industrial and agricultural production is in a leading position in the country, and it is the economic core area with the strongest economic strength in the country. Its area only accounts for 1% of the whole country, and its population accounts for 6% of the whole country. However, its GDP accounts for 15% of the whole country and occupies a decisive position in the whole country. On the one hand, the region is famous for its rich natural conditions and good agricultural foundation, and its overall agricultural production level is 30% ~ 50% higher than the national average. On the other hand, this area is the largest comprehensive industrial base in China, with textile, chemical fiber, electric power, electronics, machinery, chemistry, black smelting and calendering, transportation equipment manufacturing, metal products, food, clothing processing and other industries, and many industries account for a large proportion of the country's total output. In addition, high-tech industries such as microelectronics and electronic information, fine chemicals, new materials, bioengineering, and mechatronics have already laid a certain foundation.

Township industries have developed rapidly. The industrial output value of townships, towns, villages and villages in this area accounts for about 40% of the total of the same type in China. The output value of township industry in most counties and county-level cities has exceeded 1/2 of the whole industry, and the output value of rural industry in most counties and cities has accounted for more than 90%, which shows that township industry has become the main pillar of rural economy. The development of rural industrialization has also promoted the development of rural urbanization. Cities and towns with various population sizes have complete grades, making them one of the regions with the highest degree of urbanization in China.

But at present, there are many problems to be solved urgently in the development of this area: the shortage of land resources; Regional environmental quality declines; Lack of energy and raw materials. Therefore, the main development directions in the future are: strengthening agricultural development and consolidating the basic position of agriculture in the national economy; Vigorously carry out Taihu Lake management and protect the environment; Promote technological progress and innovation, transform traditional industries and accelerate the development of high-tech industries; Accelerate the development of tertiary industries such as finance, insurance, foreign trade and commerce; Taking the development and opening up of Pudong New Area as an opportunity, we will further clarify Shanghai's economic core position and leading position in the Yangtze River Delta, adjust Shanghai's industrial structure, and promote the adjustment of industrial structure and economic development in the Yangtze River Delta.

Names and characteristics of four industrial bases in China.

① Shanghai-Nanjing-Hangzhou area: the largest comprehensive industrial base in China.

② South-central Liaoning: the largest heavy industry base in China.

③ Beijing-Tianjin-Tangshan area: the largest comprehensive industrial base in the north.

④ Pearl River Delta region: a comprehensive industrial base with light industry as the mainstay.

The four industrial bases in China have the same characteristics: the industrial base in central and southern Liaoning, the industrial base in Beijing, Tianjin and Tangshan, the industrial base in Shanghai, Nanjing and Hangzhou and the industrial base in the Pearl River Delta. Convenient transportation; Dense population; Good agricultural foundation; Advanced information technology, high level of science and technology.

Brief introduction of four industrial bases in China and four industrial bases in China

I. Industrial Base in South-Central Liaoning Province

First, the industrial base of central and southern Liaoning (including a series of industrial cities such as Shenyang, Fushun, Anshan, Benxi and Dalian) is dominated by heavy industries such as steel, machinery and petrochemical. 1. Industrial Center: centering on Shenyang and Dalian, including Anshan, Benxi, Fushun, Liaoyang and other industrial cities. 2. Present situation: It is one of the important ancient industrial bases in China. 3. Development direction: In the future, we should still give full play to the advantages of its heavy industry base, update equipment, improve product quality, and appropriately limit the development of some industries with large energy consumption and local lack of raw material resources.

Second, Beijing-Tianjin-Tangshan industrial base.

Second, the Beijing-Tianjin-Tangshan industrial base (a triangle with Beijing, Tianjin and Tangshan as its vertices, the "Tang" of Tangshan, not the "Tang" of Tanggu) has industries such as steel, machinery, chemicals, electronics and textiles, and is the second largest comprehensive industrial base in China; The largest comprehensive industrial base in northern China. Map of Beijing-Tianjin-Tangshan Industrial Base

[1] 1. industrial centers: Beijing, Tianjin, Tangshan. 2. Status: A comprehensive industrial base with relatively developed light and heavy industries. 3. Development direction: In the future, we can focus on steel, petrochemicals, marine chemicals, electronics, high-grade textiles and fine chemicals.

Three. Huninghang industrial base

3. Shanghai-Nanjing-Hangzhou Industrial Base (with Shanghai, Nanjing and Hangzhou as its apex, including Suzhou, Wuxi, Changzhou, Xixing and Ningbo, also known as the Yangtze River Delta) is the largest comprehensive industrial base in China, with developed light and heavy industries; A comprehensive industrial base with the longest history, the largest scale, the most complete structure, the highest technical level and the highest economic benefits. Located in the subtropical zone; Adjacent to the Yangtze River and the East China Sea, the location is superior. Subtropical monsoon climate, abundant heat, abundant precipitation, both rain and heat; Delta terrain, flat terrain; Fertile soil; The river network is dense and the water is abundant. Strong industrial base; Strong scientific and technological strength; Convenient land and water transportation; Rich labor force and high quality; Broad market; Broad economic hinterland; Good industrial ties; Policy support; Pudong development provides new development opportunities; Rich agricultural and sideline products, etc. Insufficient: lack of energy and resources; There are more people and less land, and the land is tight; Serious pollution. Development: high, refined and sharp development; Lightweight structure.

Fourth, the industrial base of the Pearl River Delta

Four, the Pearl River Delta industrial base (including Guangzhou, Shenzhen, Zhuhai, Dongguan, Foshan, Zhongshan and other industrial cities), mainly clothing, electronics, toys, food and other light industries. 1. Industrial Center: centering on Guangzhou, Shenzhen and Zhuhai, including the towns in the Pearl River Delta Economic Open Zone. 2. Present situation: a comprehensive industrial base with light industry as the mainstay. 3. Development direction: develop export-oriented diversified processing industry and manufacturing industry.

The status of the four major industrial bases in China The four major industrial bases in China refer to the industrial bases in central and southern Liaoning, Beijing-Tianjin-Tangshan, Shanghai-Nanjing-Hangzhou and the Pearl River Delta.

The industrial base in central and southern Liaoning is centered on Shenyang and Dalian, including Anshan, Benxi, Fushun, Liaoyang and other industrial cities. This area is dominated by heavy industry, such as steel, machinery and petrochemical industry. It is one of the important old industrial bases in China and the largest heavy industry base in China.

Beijing-Tianjin-Tangshan Industrial Base (a triangle with Beijing, Tianjin and Tangshan as its vertices) has industries such as steel, machinery, chemicals, electronics and textiles, and is the second largest comprehensive industrial base in China. The largest comprehensive industrial base in northern China.

Shanghai-Nanjing-Hangzhou Industrial Base (a triangle with Shanghai, Nanjing and Hangzhou as its vertices, also known as the Yangtze River Delta) is the largest comprehensive industrial base in China. Adjacent to the Yangtze River and the East China Sea, the location is superior.

Pearl River Delta industrial base (including a series of industrial cities such as Guangzhou, Shenzhen and Hong Kong), which mainly focuses on light industries such as clothing, electronics, toys and food.

The characteristics and advantages of the four major industrial bases in China are listed as follows:

1, Pearl River Delta

The Pearl River Delta industrial base is located in the south-central part of Guangdong Province, which has the advantages of vast plains, mild climate and criss-crossing rivers. It is one of the densely populated and economically developed areas in China, and it is also the frontier of China's opening to the outside world. This area is located in the southeast coast of China, adjacent to Hong Kong and Macao, and close to Southeast Asia. At the same time, it is a famous hometown of overseas Chinese, which is conducive to attracting overseas Chinese investment. The geographical location is quite superior.

2. Yangtze River Delta

It is the largest comprehensive industrial base in China with developed light and heavy industries. A comprehensive industrial base with the longest history, the largest scale, the most complete structure, the highest technical level and the highest economic benefits. Located in the subtropical zone; Adjacent to the Yangtze River and the East China Sea, the location is superior. Subtropical monsoon climate, abundant heat, abundant precipitation, both rain and heat; Delta terrain, flat terrain; Fertile soil; The river network is dense and the water is abundant. Strong industrial base; Strong scientific and technological strength; Convenient land and water transportation; Rich labor force and high quality; Broad market; Broad economic hinterland; Good industrial ties; Policy support; Pudong development provides new development opportunities; Rich agricultural and sideline products, etc.

3. Beijing, Tianjin and Tangshan

The location is excellent. Tianjin Port and Dalian Port are located in the north of the eastern coastal zone of China. They are the sea gateways to the north of China, and have convenient links with Japan, North Korea and South Korea. They are the economic core areas in North China and Northeast China, with vast hinterland covering almost half of China. Convenient transportation, close to Shanxi energy base, northeast and north China oil fields are connected by oil pipelines.

Rich in natural resources. With proven reserves accounting for 40% of the country's iron ore and oil resources, as well as a large area of coastal beaches, the natural conditions are superior.

Agricultural production has developed steadily, with abundant basic industries and complete industrial systems, especially petroleum industry, coal chemical industry, metallurgical industry, marine chemical industry, machinery and electronics industry, etc. It is the largest industrial intensive area in northern China. China's second largest comprehensive industrial base.

Developed culture and technology, high quality of human resources, and great research and development potential. 1/4 institutions of higher learning, 1/4 R&D institutions and information archives institutions, 17% of the professional and technical personnel of state-owned enterprises are concentrated in this area, especially in Beijing and Tianjin, which are the most knowledge-intensive areas in China and can provide all kinds of high-level talents needed for economic development.

The biggest problem encountered in the economic development of this region is the shortage of water resources and energy. In addition, the lack of vitality of large and medium-sized state-owned enterprises and the difficulty in industrial structure transformation are also major problems in regional economic development. In the future, we should strengthen agricultural construction and develop water-saving ecological agriculture; Give full play to the advantages of developed transportation, concentrated scientific and technological talents and rich steel and oil resources, actively develop automobile, electronics and high-tech industries, improve the technical level and innovation ability of advantageous industries such as steel, petrochemical and heavy machinery, and accelerate the development of industrial structure in the direction of knowledge-intensive industries; At the same time, speed up infrastructure construction and vigorously develop tertiary industries such as information, finance, commerce and tourism.

4. Central and southern Liaoning

Liaozhongnan industrial base is located in the northern ring of Bohai Bay and the northwest coast of the Yellow Sea, with a coastline of 2 100 km. Including Liaoning Province except Chaoyang City, Fuxin City and Fuxin County, with an area of 1 1850 1 km and a population of about 35 million.

Each industrial base is developed by several major industrial centers (cities). Shenyang-machinery industry, Anshan-steel industry, Fushun-petrochemical and equipment manufacturing industry, Benxi-steel industry, Liaoyang-chemical industry, Dalian-shipbuilding industry.

Liaozhongnan industrial base is a famous heavy industry base in China. The rich coal, iron and petroleum resources, convenient transportation and good industrial base in the area provide favorable conditions for the development of heavy industry, among which a number of industrial enterprises such as Anshan-Benxi iron and steel industry, Shenyang-Fushun machinery industry, Dalian shipbuilding industry and Fushun petroleum processing industry are the backbone of the national heavy industry.

The industrial base in central and southern Liaoning has a comprehensive heavy industry, but its structure is aging and its management is backward. Large enterprises generally have a long history and heavy burdens, which are not suitable for the development of market economy. The area is rich in resources, but the weather is a huge constraint. The existing problem is the shortage of energy and water resources.

Its location advantages are iron ore, coal mine and Liaohe oil; Convenient transportation; A vast shopping mall with a large transaction volume.

Solution: Optimize industrial organization, introduce advanced technology, utilize South-to-North Water Transfer Project, develop water-saving agriculture, adjust industrial structure, and vigorously develop emerging industries and tertiary industries; Strengthen the construction of infrastructure such as transportation and communication; Vigorously develop science and technology to improve the quality of workers; Strong support from national policies; Intensify reform and opening up and actively introduce foreign capital; Control environmental pollution.

What are the regional advantages of the development of the four major industrial bases in China? Central and southern Liaoning industrial base: rich in coal and iron resources; Good industrial foundation; Broad market; Adequate labor force; Convenient transportation; policy support

Beijing-Tianjin-Tangshan industrial base: rich in resources; Strong scientific and technological strength; Convenient transportation; Adequate labor force; A vast shopping mall with a large transaction volume.

Shanghai-Nanjing-Hangzhou Industrial Base:

Rich in water resources; High scientific and technological level; High quality of labor force; Convenient transportation; Good industrial foundation; Broad market;

Pearl River Delta Industrial Base:

Rich in water resources; Adequate labor force; Convenient transportation; Strategic location, close to Hong Kong, Macao and Taiwan, facing Southeast Asia. It is a famous hometown of overseas Chinese, which is convenient for attracting foreign investment and developing the economy.