How did Li Zhi treat Confucianism?

Li Zhi claimed to be a "heresy" of Confucius and Mencius' traditional Confucianism, denounced and criticized feudal patriarchy, hypocrisy, social corruption and corrupt officials, advocated "getting rid of the old and innovating" and opposed ideological imprisonment. In literature, Li Zhi put forward "the theory of childlike innocence", and advocated that the creation should "reject the false and preserve the true" and express their opinions. Li Zhi clearly declared that his works were "deviant works", saying, "I can't kill them, but my head can't be humiliated" and didn't flinch. Li Zhi also advocated "sincerity" in his poetry writing style and opposed the prevailing trend of "imitating the past", which had an important influence on the literature of the late Ming Dynasty. Li Zhi hates the hypocrisy of maintaining feudal ethics, and hates those Taoists and hypocrites who are full of benevolence, righteousness and morality. He denounced the so-called Taoists: too much fame and too much protection. "There are many evils in reality, but there is no evil in ambition; It is selfish, but it is committed to fraternity and fraternity; It is also true that you hold your own opinion, but you can't talk about it. " "When you say learning, you will say that you are for yourself and I am for others; I am selfish, but I want to be altruistic ",in fact, all of them are" seeking a high position by studying, seeking respect by being an official ",all for themselves, and" not asking for a penny for others "("Burning Books and Answering the Guns Mouth "). Such a hypocrite with different words and deeds is not as true as Ordinary People and The Author of Tian Li, don't you think (ditto)? He further accused Taoists of being a group of hypocritical hypocrites, saying that "Yang is the Tao, Yin is the wealth, clothes are elegant, and they walk like dogs" ("Continue to burn books, three religions return to Confucianism"). Taoism is full of benevolence and morality. In fact, they use Taoism as a stepping stone to "cheat the world and gain benefits" and seek high officials and generous salaries for themselves. They "talk about morality but have high officials and high salaries, aiming at great wealth" ("burning books to bury Confucianism", etc.). Li Zhi's exposure of Zhu Cheng Neo-Confucianism and its defenders really hit the nail on the head. Li Zhi also lashed out at the study of Confucius and Mencius, which was highly praised by the ruling class. Burning Books, Praising Liu Xie, Introduction to the Holy Religion, and Confucius Inscription in Zhifu Garden, etc. He belittled Confucius with a playful and sarcastic style, which was a bold move in ancient times when Confucius was regarded as the most holy teacher. He thinks that Confucius is not a saint, "although Confucius is also a mediocrity" (Burning Books and Answering Zhou Liutang). Confucius is nothing. "People who plow fields and raise fish can take it, and the goodness of all saints and sages is not desirable." Why do you have to learn from Confucius and then become a righteous pulse? "("Burning Books and Answering the Guns Mouth "). We are all saints. Why do we have to learn from Confucius? This pulled Confucius down from the supreme position of a saint. If we must regard Confucius as an idol and imitate Confucius in words and deeds, it is "the base state of ugly women" (on how to burn books). Li Zhi denied the orthodox position of Confucianism, denied that the study of Confucius and Mencius was the "eternal theory" of "ancient and modern Taoism" and thought that it could not be applied casually as a dogma. Six Classics, Analects of Confucius and Mencius are the ammunition of Taoism and the cradle of dummies. Li Zhi's criticism of Confucius and Confucius and Mencius has indeed reached the point of "being sacred". No wonder the ruling class hates his guts. Li Zhi expressed deep sympathy for women under the oppression of feudal ethics, and made a voice for women. In Burning Books: A Short-sighted Book for Women to Learn Taoism, Li Zhi criticized the view that men's opinions are as long as women's. He said, "Deep Rock lacks women's opinions. So it's okay to have men and women, and it's okay to look at men and women. It means that you can see the length, the longer the man's perspective, the better, and the shorter the woman's perspective. How can it be? If you let women see your body and men see it, you will know that proverbs are not enough. If you are willing to learn, you will know that there is not enough love in the world. If you are afraid that men in the world will see you, you should be ashamed and sweat, and dare not make any noise. " This is a sharp challenge to the traditional feudal ethics. Li Zhi mercilessly exposed the atrocities of the feudal rulers who cruelly squeezed the fishermen. He borrowed the myth and legend that Feng Shaohua, the chief of Xuancheng in Han Dynasty, ate people, and accused the officials in power of being "eating tigers and wolves". If it is big, it will swallow people and animals, while if it is small, it will leave no fish and shrimp "("Burning Books, Fengjun "). In "Burning Books", he also commented on "Water Margin" to vent his strong dissatisfaction with real politics. How to save the people in from the mire and explore a way to benefit the country and the people? Li Zhi turned his eyes to the upper class of the feudal ruling class, hoping to "have one and a half talents" and let the "upright" talents "do something, commit suicide for the good, and refuse to be ungrateful" (Cold Light Burning Books). This shows that Li Zhi is not trying to overthrow the feudal rule, but to maintain it, and that his political thought has not gone beyond the limitations of the landlord class's thought and times, and it is impossible to violate the fundamental interests of the landlord class. The formation of Li Zhi's philosophical thought has experienced the transformation from materialism to subjective idealism. Li Zhi advocated that everything in the universe was born from heaven and earth (eventually yin and yang), and denied Zhu Cheng's objective idealism of "one can be angry, one can be born into two". Li Zhi also believes that people's moral and spiritual phenomena exist in people's material life. "Dressing and eating, that is, human relations physics" ("Burning Books and Answering Deng Shiyang") is his famous theory and an idea with simple materialism. Li Zhi believes in Buddhism and Wang Yangming's mind, so the center of his whole philosophical system is subjective idealism. He believes that "sincerity" and "childlike innocence" are the most fundamental concepts and the origin of all things. Nature is "my little understanding and sincerity" ("burning books to interpret classics"). Without reason, there is nothing, and all the material and spirit in the world exist only in honesty. What is "sincerity"? It is the original heart of childlike innocence, initial heart and first thought, that is, the heart of "I" that is not affected by the outside world. They are the source that dominates everything and produces various phases, which can be called "pure source". Everything, mountains and rivers are all in one thought, just a sincere expression, a sincere factor and component, just like the relationship between blisters in the sea and seawater. This view is in line with Lu Wang School's "My heart is the universe, and the universe is my heart" and Zen's "Everything is in my heart". Li Zhi used subjective idealism as a theoretical weapon against Zhu Cheng's Neo-Confucianism based on objective idealism, which was bound to weaken his own combat effectiveness. Li Zhi's epistemology is a kind of transcendentalism based on subjective idealism, and his claim originated from the Buddhist theory of "knowledge". The article "Burning Books and Answering Zhou Xiyan" points out that "there is no one in the world who doesn't know, nothing doesn't know, and nothing doesn't know for a while." "People are born with knowledge, and everyone has Buddha nature." "Everyone can be sacred" ("Burning Books and Answering Genghis Mouth"). Li Zhi opposed the deification of Confucius with the theory of natural knowledge, and denied the traditional thought of taking Confucius as the standard of cognitive correctness from the perspective of cognitive ability and cognitive source, which has the progressive effect of emancipating the mind, but also opposed the theory of natural knowledge with its cognitive limitations and defects that cannot be ignored. There are many simple dialectical thoughts in Li Zhi's philosophical thoughts. "Continue to burn the book pottery stone jar" cloud: "Good and evil are right, Yin and Yang are still right, rigid and soft, and men and women are right." He admits that everything has two sides, which to some extent reveals the contradictions and mutual transformation within things. Influenced by simple dialectical thoughts, the political thoughts expressed in Burning Books include developing thoughts such as "things are impermanent, I am uncertain" (Chao Cuo) and "don't follow the old attack, don't practice the old" (farewell to Gengsikou).