Advantages of traditional social investigation methods

The so-called social investigation refers to the field investigation of specific social phenomena by using scientific methods to understand their various causes and related links, so as to put forward countermeasures to solve social problems.

Social investigation mainly includes the following elements: (1) Defining the purpose of investigation; (2) Respondents with social significance; (3) scientific investigation methods; (4) Actual investigation results.

Social surveys can be divided into macro surveys (such as large-scale or large-scale surveys of countries, provinces, counties or population censuses) and micro surveys (generally including groups of two or three people or several people).

According to the different contents and functions, it can be divided into research investigation (solving theoretical or policy problems) and work investigation (solving current practical problems).

The proper attitude of social investigation

1 Profit-seeking attitude: strive to promote social progress, solve social problems and enhance people's happiness.

2. The attitude of seeking truth from facts: respect the objective facts, not "only going up and down" or "only going up and down".

Attitude of seeking advice: keep an eye on six ways and learn from the masses with an open mind.

How to carry out social investigation

The first step is to choose a theme. According to the current national economic situation and relevant principles and policies, as well as your own interests and knowledge, and combined with the characteristics of social investigation, choose a problem worthy of study, such as the construction of small towns, returning farmland to forests, etc. When choosing a topic, we should use necessary methods such as consulting literature and consulting relevant teachers.

Step 2: Plan. Closely follow the selected topics, consult relevant materials, ask questions at different levels, and determine the systematic investigation items. For example, when studying the construction of small towns, we should ask questions about its necessity and conditions, and each question contains several small questions.

The third step is to design indicators. The index is to describe the respondents with a certain number and units, such as the population and per capita income of a certain area. Various quantitative indicators and quality indicators should be used to completely reveal the essential characteristics of the respondents from all aspects to ensure their vertical and horizontal comparability.

The fourth step is to draw up an outline, that is, to determine the above preparations in the form of an outline, and to carefully select all the questions and matters raised to make them systematic and complete.

Fifth, choose the appropriate investigation methods and methods.

The commonly used survey methods include general survey (one by one survey of all parts and molecules of the respondents, without omission), typical survey (a comprehensive, systematic and thorough survey of one or several representative units) and case survey (a survey of a person, a group of people, an event or a unit in society).

The commonly used survey methods are questionnaire (reasonably designing questionnaires and collecting information by using open, closed or mixed questionnaires), literature (indirectly investigating the research objects through written materials, statistical data and other documents), interview (obtaining information through conversation) and observation (on-the-spot observation and collecting data based on feelings and impressions).

Step 6: Training and preparation. Invite relevant experts to conduct necessary training for investigators, including the training of investigation attitude and investigation skills. In addition, we should also pay attention to preparing the necessary financial and material conditions, make good contact with the units under investigation, win the support of the relevant units, and ensure the smooth development of the investigation.

What is an investigation report?

Investigation report is a written report that correctly reflects objective things and their laws according to the results of investigation and research. It usually reflects major events, new things, excellent models, important experiences and serious problems. ..

What are the characteristics of the investigation report?

1 social.

As a mirror of the times, the survey report objectively reflects the social situation and problems from different aspects, and has obvious typical experience summarized in the social function survey report, which is of guiding significance to all aspects of society; The problems exposed in the investigation report have a warning effect on all aspects of society; As the spokesman of public opinion and social facts, the investigation report can objectively reflect people's wishes and inspire people to overcome all kinds of difficulties on their way forward and strive for victory with confidence.

2 targeted.

Investigation reports are always written for a certain ideological tendency, specific practice or practical problems, and express the author's position, viewpoint and ideological tendency through a true reflection of objective things. What the author opposes and agrees with is clearly defined in the investigation report, not ambiguous.

3 authenticity.

The purpose of any social investigation is to understand the objective reality, find problems, solve problems and master the law. The life of the investigation report lies in telling the truth, and the truthfulness and accuracy of the materials are the first. The materials used in the investigation report should be scientifically processed and carefully verified, rather than hearsay, concrete and comprehensive, rather than abstract.

Typical.

The investigation report is typical. Typical things can best reflect the essence and laws of general things, and are written to solve a certain problem, sum up some experience and study the development trend of things. Therefore, it is necessary to properly select typical things, dissect sparrows, explore the development law of things, and seek solutions to contradictions.

What are the types of investigation reports?

1 It can be divided into general investigation report and special investigation report according to the scope of investigation objects.

Investigation report, also known as comprehensive investigation report or general investigation report, is mainly written around the basic situation of the respondents and comprehensively and systematically reflects the results of all investigations. This kind of investigation report is generally conducted in a certain area or unit, and often aims to cover the basic situation of politics, economy, culture, population, geography and history, and describe the development, changes, causes and consequences of the respondents in detail. The special investigation report is written around a certain problem, which can be typical experience, special circumstances, new things, historical events or existing problems. Such as rural cooperative economy survey, talent waste survey, and spiritual life survey of individual traders. The special investigation report has a clear theme, specific materials, strong pertinence and strong persuasiveness.