Main technical methods of rice seedbed management

When rice enters the critical period of seedbed management, strengthening seedbed management plays a vital role in cultivating strong seedlings and ensuring rice harvest. To do a good job in field management in dry seedling stage, we should focus on the following seven aspects. The following are the main technical methods of rice seedbed management I brought, hoping to help you.

1, adjust the membrane temperature. The main task of seedbed management is to promote the emergence of seedlings and complete the emergence of seedlings before sowing to vertical needles. When sowing in early spring, the outside air temperature is low. In temperature management, film sealing is the main way to keep warm. After sowing, always check whether there is dew or wind. If there is dew or wind, cover the seeds with soil and seal the film in time. Before emergence, the temperature in the film was controlled at 30-32℃, and during the period from emergence to 1.5 leaves, the temperature in the film was controlled at 25℃ during the day. After uncovering the film, if the daily average temperature is greater than 20℃ and Celsius, the seedbed should be shaded to cool down.

2. Vertical needle uncovering the film. The purpose of plastic film mulching sowing in early spring is to increase temperature and preserve moisture, and promote early and complete seedling emergence. However, if the film is uncovered too early, the seedlings will grow slowly and even become stiff in places with low temperature; Uncovering the film late, with the temperature rising, the temperature in the film is high, the seedlings are too long, the stress resistance is poor, and the first leaf node is difficult to tiller. Generally speaking, the best time to uncover the film is 5-7 days after sowing and before the first leaf is fully unfolded (needle-shaped, about 2 cm). On the day of film uncovering, if the air humidity is high and the temperature is low, the film should be uncovered in the morning; If the weather is fine, the film should be shown before evening.

3. Pour the film-uncovering water thoroughly. Uncover the film at the same time, at the same time, uncover the film and water it thoroughly. Because the air temperature around the seedlings rises sharply after the film is uncovered, the water absorption of the roots is often not available, which is easy to cause the death of green seedlings. Therefore, the film-uncovered water should be poured thoroughly in time to make up for the lack of soil moisture after film-uncovered, so that seedlings can adapt to environmental changes as soon as possible.

4. Add "weaning" water. At the stage of 2-3 leaves, the seedlings have the worst tolerance, the shortest time from leaf rolling to death, and the most sensitive to water deficit. This period is also the most critical period to prevent and control dead seedlings and improve the seedling rate. If the uncovered moisture is insufficient, the evaporation is excessive and the moisture content is poor, the "weaned" moisture must be supplemented in time.

5. Moderate chemical control. In the seedbed where the soil was not treated with seedling strengthening agent, especially for cultivating older seedlings, 250-300ppm mixture of paclobutrazol and saisaisaipoxyalginate was sprayed in the heart of 1 leaf and 1 leaf respectively to promote tillering and dwarf seedlings.

After the 6-3 leaf stage, water control and dry farming are carried out. After the third leaf stage, the seedlings are larger and the roots are gradually developed. Generally, you can't water at will, but mainly control water and dry farming to prevent excessive water from growing in vain. In case of high temperature and drought, the leaves wither and shrink at noon, and the leaves do not unfold at night, so be sure to water them in time at night. However, the amount of water should not be large and the number of times should not be much.

7. Soak the "marriage water". The night before planting, wedding water and wedding fertilizer were applied once with 1% urea aqueous solution. This time, water use is very particular, both in moderation and not too much or too little; It should also be timely, not too early or too late, so as to achieve the goal of pulling out seedlings effortlessly and not destroying roots as much as possible. Spraying iodine alginate as soon as possible after transplanting to promote root healing and growth.

Further reading

Integrated control techniques of rice diseases and insect pests

1, the significance of integrated pest control in rice

Rice is one of the main crops in our city. On the basis of not affecting rice yield and benefit, through the application and popularization of various integrated control technologies, the following purposes and significance are achieved:

1) Through the comprehensive control of stripe virus and black-streaked dwarf caused by Laodelphax striatellus and their spread, the rice yield can be effectively guaranteed to increase steadily.

2) Using biological pesticides with high efficiency, low toxicity and low residue can make the quality of rice meet the production requirements of pollution-free agricultural products.

3) Protect the ecological environment through various comprehensive measures, and combine rice production with environmental protection to achieve the purpose of bringing out the best in each other.

These three aspects are the direction and trend of social development in recent years. High-quality, efficient and pollution-free agricultural products and integrated pest control techniques that save labor and cost are also the needs of farmers. In recent years, with the constant change of climate, the overwintering ability of Laodelphax striatellus has been continuously enhanced; Due to the restriction of rural land contract system, many weeds along ditches were not cleaned in time, which objectively increased the number of Laodelphax striatellus and increased the difficulty and cost of control. In the early stage of the outbreak of Laodelphax striatellus, the drug resistance of Laodelphax striatellus was increasing because of the single type of control drugs. By adopting various comprehensive prevention and control technologies, the use of pesticides is greatly reduced, and biological pesticides with high efficiency, low toxicity and low residue are used, which reduces environmental pollution, saves costs and improves prevention and control efficiency, thus entering a virtuous circle.

2. Key technical problems to be solved.

The popularization and application of integrated control technology need to solve the following problems:

1) What comprehensive measures should be taken in the process of rice production to ensure the effect? In the process of implementation, we found through experimental research that seeds were soaked with chemicals; Control Laodelphax striatellus in wheat field and reduce the base; In late April, combined with the overall prevention and control of pests and diseases in the later stage of wheat, the population of Laodelphax striatellus was reduced and the harm of seedling pond was reduced. Timely harvesting, ploughing and stubble cleaning; Harvesting a piece of mature wheat and ploughing a piece of stubble in rice area can kill a large number of nymphs of Laodelphax striatellus and reduce the effective insect source. Properly postpone the planting period and increase the planting density; Weeds except fields.

2) The selection of rice varieties with different ability to resist the risk of stripe virus and black-streaked dwarf disease is one of the keys to success.

3) In the process of rice production, how to take comprehensive measures to control rice diseases, pests and weeds, so that rice can meet the requirements of pollution-free, instead of using a single pesticide such as imidacloprid, try to use two or three combinations.

4) Scientific fertilizer and water management in rice production.

To sum up, after the implementation of integrated rice control technology, the economic benefits are very significant and the quality of rice is greatly improved. Through the continuous improvement of other measures, the requirements of pollution-free agricultural products have been met. Through the popularization of rice stripe disease control technology in recent years, the safe production of rice has been ensured, and the high yield of farmers has been guaranteed, which has made positive contributions to increasing farmers' income, rural stability and building a new socialist countryside.