A brief introduction to what you know about the ancient "etiquette" culture

China has a history of five thousand years of civilization, known as the "State of Manners", and the Chinese people are also famous for their polite and courteous appearance. As an important part of traditional Chinese culture, the civilization of etiquette has had a wide and far-reaching influence on the historical development of Chinese society, and its content is very rich. Etiquette covers a wide range of areas and permeated almost every aspect of ancient society.

However, for a long time, due to the fact that the essence and dregs of a large number of ceremonial cultures are in a state of osmosis and coexistence, and due to the dregs of ceremonial cultures, the negative effects of which cannot be underestimated, we have neglected the traditional ceremonial civilization. We have neglected the valuable spiritual wealth of traditional etiquette and civilization. For a long time, society and schools did not pay enough attention to the education of etiquette, and many uncivilized behaviors continued unabated. In today's construction of socialist spiritual civilization, we should be based on absorbing the essence of the national culture, so that the traditional civilization etiquette for modern use, to rebuild a set of modern civilization etiquette.

In ancient times, when people met each other, there were many different manners.

Bow: Arching one's hand in salute is bowing. This is the most common etiquette for guests and hosts to meet each other in ancient times. There are three kinds of salutes:

One is reserved for guests of different surnames who are not married to each other, and the hands are pushed slightly downward during the salute; the second is reserved for guests of different surnames who are married to each other, and the hands are pushed flat and brought forward during the salute; and the third is reserved for guests of the same surname, and the hands are pushed slightly upward during the salute.

Long Greeting: This is the ancient ritual of meeting one another without distinction of honor or inferiority, with the hands raised high, from top to bottom.

Arch: an ancient ritual of meeting each other, with both hands joining in front of the chest to show respect.

Bay: an ancient ritual to show respect. Ancient worship, just arching and bending over, two hands in front of the chest, head bent forward, forehead touching both hands, as in greeting. Later, it also refers to the knees and head, hands on the ground or bowing and the ground called "worship".

Worshiping hands: an ancient form of kneeling. When performing the ritual, kneeling down, both hands arching to the ground, head resting on the hands. It is called "empty head" in the Zhou Ritual; it is also called "worshiping the head".

Repeat: to worship twice is to worship again, indicating the grandness of the ritual. In the past, it was also commonly used at the end of letters to show respect.

Dengshou: Kneeling and bowing one's head to the ground is dengshou. The word "dun" means to stop for a moment. When the salute, the head touches the ground that is up, because of its head contact with the ground for a short period of time, so it is called dengou. Usually used in the salute between the lower to the upper and the peers. Such as the bureaucratic welcome, worship, folk congratulations, worship, goodbye and so on. Also commonly used in the beginning or end of the letter.

Keeping the head: an ancient form of kneeling. Kneeling and head touching the ground for a longer stay for auditory head. "Audit" means to stay and delay. When the salute is performed, the salutatorian bends the knee and kneels on the ground, the left hand presses the right hand, arches the hand on the ground, and the head also slowly reaches to the ground, with the hand in front of the knee and the head behind the hand. The head must remain on the ground for some time. The bowing of the head is the heaviest etiquette and is often used by courtiers when they pay their respects to the king.

Crown Ceremony Anciently, it was a rite of passage ceremony to indicate that a man had reached adulthood. In the Book of Rites, it is said that a man was crowned at the age of twenty. "Crown" means "to add a crown", at which time the day of divination will be divined and the crown rite will be performed to show the solemnity of the ceremony.　　

Maturity Bun Ceremony Ancient aristocratic women indicated that they had reached adulthood in a ritual ceremony. At the age of 15, a noblewoman would perform the maturity rite, add maturity to her hair (maturity is a hairpin inserted in her bun), take her character, and be allowed to marry. Ancient books say that "reaching maturity", "maturity" and "character" all refer to a woman who has reached adulthood and is ready to marry. Those who are about to reach adulthood are called "not yet" and "to be".

Divination of the day Ancient people held rituals to choose an auspicious day of divination. Divination with yarrow for divination, divination with tortoise shell for divination.

Divination of the guest Ancient people held ceremonies to choose the appropriate officiating person, a form of divination.

Bridal Rites The rites followed by the pre-Qin lords and vassals in their reciprocal hiring. Its main rituals are the suburb (the host country to usher in the envoys in the suburb), hiring enjoy (in the temple to welcome the sacrificial ceremony), private D??àêàêàêàêà, entertaining guests (banquets to the envoys), the museum guests, gift bribe (the envoys on the way, the host country to give gifts). Although there were many variations, they were basically used in diplomacy.

Six Rites Ancient marriage rituals, that is, six formalities, known as the "six rites". According to the rituals. According to the Rites of Passage, the six rites of passage are Nacai, asking for the name, Naji, Najing (the male family to the female family with the bride price), please period (the male family to prepare the gift to the female family in order to discuss the period), and welcome.

Nine guests, also known as the "nine guests of the ceremony", for the ancient guest rituals in the most solemn rituals, the host country has nine officials to welcome the guest of honor to welcome the temple. Lian Po Lin Xiang Ru Lian Zhuan: "Now the king should also fast for five days and set up nine guests in the court."

Three worship Ancient worship system has a complex evolution. Generally speaking, kneeling, bending down, and dropping one's head to the ground is called "worship". Worship head down to touch the ground, and a slight stay, known as "bowing", or "kowtow", commonly known as "kowtow". In ancient times, it was customary to make two bowing kowtows, known as "re-bowing". Sometimes, in order to show respect or sincerity, it is changed to the usual ritual of three bow bowing, called "three bowing".

Funeral rites Anciently known as "funeral rites", before and after the burial of the dead mortuary funeral and worship platters of crying rituals

These rites are the most important of all.