What kinds of steering systems are there? What are the braking systems of cars? Please answer in detail ~

Mechanical steering: that is, without assistance, steering is completely operated by manpower.

Power-assisted steering: that is, steering operation with the help of auxiliary power, which is divided into hydraulic and electronic.

Hydraulic power assist: The oil pressure generated by the hydraulic pump helps to reduce the resistance encountered in steering operation, and the power assist can be adjusted by adjusting the hydraulic valve to realize easy steering. It is characterized by quite mature technology and the highest penetration rate.

EPS (Electronic Power Steering): According to the torque signal and vehicle speed signal on the steering wheel, the electronic control device is used to make the motor generate auxiliary power with corresponding magnitude and direction to assist the driver in steering operation. Compared with hydraulic booster, it has the advantages of energy saving, environmental protection, convenient assembly, high efficiency, good road feeling and good reversion.

Automobile braking system;

Disc brake: the brake disc rotating with the wheel is clamped by friction plates on both sides to produce braking effect.

Advantages: the mechanical part is exposed, and the heat dissipation performance is good. Some people worry that getting wet by rain will reduce the braking effect, but the rotating brake disc can make the rain fly away without accumulation under the action of centrifugal force, and still obtain stable braking force. Brake disc can be divided into solid disc and ventilation disc. Ventilation disc has better heat dissipation than solid disc, but it is difficult to manufacture and has high cost, and it is mostly used for carrying heavy front wheels.

Disadvantages: Higher cost than drum braking.

Drum braking: The brake shoes are pressed on the inner side of the brake drum with the expansion of the wheel, thus obtaining the braking force.

Advantages: The cost is relatively low, and the rear wheel with small load or parking brake is generally used. There is a good braking force at this time.

Disadvantages: Because the friction surface is not exposed, the heat dissipation is not as good as that of the disc, and the water in the brake drum is not easy to drain when driving in deep water, which will reduce the braking force.

Parking brake: commonly known as hand brake (parking brake lever is pulled by hand, and now it is also pedal). Generally, the rear wheels brake, and a few also brake the front wheels.