Ancient Chinese Philosophical IdeasWhat are the ancient Chinese philosophical ideas?

Thinks that "Tao" is the origin of all things in heaven and earth, is the highest philosophical concept. He proposed that "Heaven sends out the Way, and the Way sends out nature," denying the absolute authority of the "Mandate of Heaven," which is the Personality of God.

Proposed the idea of dialectics, pointing out that everything has two contradictory and opposing sides, and both sides of the contradiction can be transformed into each other. He advocated the idea that by "keeping quiet" one can "overcome the strong with the weak".

Politically, he was against the use of power to coerce the people, and wanted to "take the world by doing nothing".

Advocating for the "sound of dogs and chickens, old and dead" primitive pure and simple small country and widowed people's negative thinking, with a conservative nature.

2, the doctrine of Confucius:

Confucius "self-restraint and return to propriety" reflects the conservative side of its thinking, which is contrary to the laws of social development.

His ideas conformed to the ruler's need to consolidate his rule, and "benevolence," "virtue," "propriety" were all conducive to stabilizing the feudal order, and gradually became the mainstream of traditional Chinese thought and culture. The mainstay of Chinese traditional thought and culture was gradually becoming the mainstream of Chinese thought and culture.

Confucian scholars in later generations carried forward the ideas of Confucianism that were adapted to the development of the monarchical system and raised the status of Confucianism, and naturally the status of Confucius, the founder of Confucianism, was also raised.

Historically, after the political order was stabilized and the rule was consolidated, Confucius was valued; when society was in turmoil, Confucius bore the brunt of criticism.

3. The theoretical basis of Mencius' doctrine of "benevolent government" is the "theory of goodness". Mencius said, "Compassion is common to all people." He believed that goodness was a nature unique to human beings and a fundamental mark of distinction between human beings and animals. He also emphasized the importance of education for human beings and the influence of the objective environment on human beings.

4. The basic requirement of virtue spoken by Mozi is "love for all", i.e., the ability to love all people without discrimination, which is the general principle of Mozi's socio-political thought; "non-attack", i.e., opposition to attack and attack, is the proposition made by Mozi for solving the annexation problem, which was extremely prominent at that time among the countries. This is the general principle of Mozi's socio-political thought.

Zhuang Zi advocated a life of indifference to fame and fortune, and advocated the cultivation of one's character and the quietness of one's mind. Lao and Zhuang have always been regarded as the ancestors of Taoism, and as a system of Chinese culture, they have greatly enriched traditional culture. Laozi profound purpose of micro, Zhuangzi unrestrained, later generations in the old or its military approach, or its "gentleman south of the art"; in Zhuang or surprised at its bizarre speech or to admire its style of floating. But one thing is consistent: Lao Zhuang is not only the founder of our country's health science, but also to cultivate the body and nourish the nature, to take care of the days of life as its theoretical purpose. The Warring States period of social unrest, the old religious ethics can not maintain people's beliefs, to preserve the whole life is a general social trend, Laozi's "noble body for the world", "the way of longevity" and other value of life and the pursuit of; Zhuangzi's Zhuang Zi's "the truth of the road to rule the body", "for the good is not close to the name, for the evil is not close to the penalty, the edge of the Governor thought that the scripture, you can protect the body, you can be all life, you can raise relatives, you can do years" and so on have demonstrated that the Lao Zhuang's "noble life" "noble body " "Noble body" thought, emphasizing the existence of life, people should not be "outside the body of this thing is enslaved", they seldom really talk about the "family rule" reasoning, most of the talk is about the "family" and "peace", and the "family" is the "family". They seldom really talk about the reason of "family harmony and peace", most of them talk about "elimination of things and me beyond the interests and benefits", a set of health and longevity, summarized in the "static" and "virtual" dominated the whole process of Laozhuang's health care. "To the extreme of emptiness, keep quiet and certainty", to be quiet to the unpredictable changes, and the natural world to maintain tacit understanding and harmony, to rest in the natural arrangements, follow the laws of nature, forget about the physical form, "line do not know what, living do not know what for"; call me cattle is also called cattle, call me horse is also called horse"; call me cattle, call me horse is also called horse. Horse is also called horse", muddled and ignorant; "with the beasts and fowls", living with heaven and earth; to be empty of its heart, to the changes in the forms of life, death and poverty, not to let them disturb the harmony of the heart; "to plug its casings, to close its doors not to be tempted by external objects, to rest one's mind, to refrain from wit, not to play with wisdom, not to abandon wisdom, not to be disturbed by the five tones, not to be confused by the five colors; the combination of emptiness and quietness, to achieve "forgetting oneself", "I am lost to myself", i.e., to abandon the false self, to maintain the "true self", to be in harmony with heaven and earth. I, to maintain the "true" and "simple" nature, can be called a "true man" or "divine man". As Lao Tzu said: "Weak its will", "Void its heart", "constant virtue will not be separated from it, and it will return to the baby", "specialize in qi to make it soft, and it can be like a baby", "rule the human body to make it soft", "rule the human body to make it soft", "rule the human body to make it soft", "rule the human body to make it soft". "The rule of human nature is nothing less than miserliness". Are required to abandon all desires and distractions; like a baby as simple and chaotic, innocent, focusing on the spirit of love and cherish; like Zhuang Zi said: "blowing breath, spit out the old, bear neck bird stretch", "to the person's breath to the heel", focusing on the idea of regulating the breathing, and Sucking fresh natural gas, like bears and birds, "alone with the world, do not leave the right and wrong with the world," so close to the so-called "Road", that is, in line with the law of health, is "Peng Zu Shoukao good for also The first is the "Pang Zu Shou Kao", which is a good thing to do.