What should emerging industries do to transform and upgrade into future organizations?

Promote the development of emerging industries with more precise policy measures.

The development of emerging industries is under pressure to adapt to the new situation and new requirements, and it is necessary to promote industrial development with more precise policy measures.

1。 Correctly understand the government's orientation and break through the traditional development model

For the development of emerging industries, the key is to correctly understand the positioning of government departments and form a clear power boundary for the government to promote industrial development, that is, what the government should and should not do. Therefore, it is necessary to break the traditional mindset and establish a new development mechanism.

On the one hand, establishing a "market-enhanced government" means protecting individual property rights under the conditions of imperfect system, unsafe property rights, asymmetric information and inadequate financial market supervision, and can enforce various contracts and be bound, but can't act rashly.

On the other hand, according to the importance and possibility, the future development of emerging industries is divided into categories such as "must do", "icing on the cake", "dispensable" and "resolutely not do". By formulating strategies and measures to promote the development of related industries in priority areas, the confidence of enterprise investment and regional economic growth will be enhanced, and the coordinated development of industrial support and effective promotion of competitiveness will be realized.

That is to say, we should continue to increase support for the development of emerging industries, list the funds to support the development of emerging industries in the annual central and local budgets, ensure the independence of funds, and establish corresponding rules for the allocation of funds to avoid insufficient financial support; It is also necessary to let enterprises involved in emerging industries face market competition, "let the market survive the fittest" and promote industry growth.

At the same time, it is necessary to track and evaluate the development performance of emerging industries and make timely policy adjustments and key adjustments. Encourage local governments to establish regional guidance funds for the development of emerging industries. In order to ensure that the government guides the fund to play a leading role as soon as possible, we should balance the relationship between tolerating market risks and investigating unethical behaviors in fund performance evaluation, ensuring the safety of government funds and guiding the development of emerging industries, balancing the relationship between government objectives and business orientation, and balancing the accountability mechanism for maintaining and increasing the value of state-owned assets and the inability to enter substantive operation due to concerns.

2。 * * * Enjoy * * * Building a government data platform and promoting the transformation of government departments.

The core of the new network era lies in "connection", that is, the interconnection of everything, which will inevitably bring about a distributed "decentralized" structure, and also bring more challenges to the traditional governance model and governance capacity of government departments. To this end, we must vigorously promote the open sharing of data in the whole society, deeply tap the potential of data elements, and promote the transformation of governance model and the modernization of governance capacity.

It is necessary to attach importance to the disclosure of public data of the central government and local governments, build a complete, unified, safe and effective data platform, and realize intensive collection, network convergence and unified management of basic data resources and business information resources. Preventing data from being monopolized by departments is conducive to the interconnection, integration and instant access of information, to strengthening coordination and cooperation among government departments, to deepening the innovative application of data, and to actively building an intensive and collaborative government.

In view of the actual needs of the audience, we should deepen the development and utilization of data resources in key areas as a breakthrough, strengthen the quality management and security protection of open data, strengthen the training of relevant data analysts, and actively adopt mobile Internet and new media communication technologies to realize the transformation of data resources into products, assets and benefits. It is conducive to improving the data availability of the audience, realizing the real "connection" between government departments and related service audiences, and striving to build an open and innovative government.

Pay attention to problem-oriented and practical application, vigorously promote "Internet+government services", promote the deep application and integration of application data resources by social subjects, and realize information sharing, data fusion, system integration, business collaboration and intelligent services; It is beneficial for government departments to optimize government process, improve the quality and efficiency of government services, innovate service models, reflect policy effects, create greater value, and strive to cultivate a smart service-oriented government.

Making full use of information technology to ensure the cognitive participation, behavioral participation and emotional participation of relevant subjects, giving relevant subjects sufficient space to express their interests, and strengthening the interaction between government departments and the public are conducive to forming an open and negotiated scientific decision-making system and a new type of political and business relationship, and building an inclusive government.

3。 Improve the evaluation system and establish the relationship between the central and local governments with compatible incentives.

"The two initiatives of the central and local governments are much better than only one initiative"; This is to speak both "Beijing dialect" and "local dialect". To realize the sustainable development of emerging industries, it is more necessary to give play to the "two enthusiasm" of the central and local governments. That is, we should not only take the overall situation at the national level, but also focus on solving key problems with top-level design, highlighting contradictions and key links in the process of industrial development; Moreover, according to local differences, we should also give local governments enough space, power and responsibility, give full play to their respective comparative advantages, and truly implement the top-level design.

Judging from the evaluation, the country is a whole, including regions with different characteristics and different stages. The development of emerging industries has its own unique development laws, and it is necessary to adjust measures to local conditions and highlight incentives under the condition of strengthening the accountability of officials. Therefore, according to the regional characteristics and development stages, we must pay attention to the logic and connection of system design and policy arrangement on the basis of patiently listening to grassroots voices and considering the response mode of grassroots subjects. While paying attention to "keeping the bottom line", we must highlight the institutional creativity and enthusiasm of local governments and realize the "incentive compatibility" between grassroots government interests and central government interests.

From the evaluation point of view, the economy is in a transitional period. In the process of promoting the development of emerging industries, the evaluation of relevant departments must be "lenient and strict" to form an atmosphere of being willing to try and accept failure when encountering difficulties and problems. "Wide" means that in the economic downturn, the assessment requirements for "quantity" such as growth rate and investment should be tolerant and flexible; "Strictness" means to increase the "quality" assessment requirements such as establishing fair, open and transparent market rules and accelerating the transformation of government functions.

4。 Rebuilding the social credit system and building a credible society

Trust, as a kind of social capital, has played a role in simplifying social complexity and has the effect of "amplifier" and "accelerator". A low-trust society lacking social credit system will greatly increase market transaction costs and reduce decision-making efficiency, which is not conducive to industrial scale expansion and economic prosperity. Therefore, it is necessary to rebuild government credit as a breakthrough to reduce the rate of government dishonesty and improve credibility. We should gradually get rid of all kinds of practices that damage the credibility of public power, speed up the transformation of government functions, improve the ability and level of government governance, always take people's satisfaction and dissatisfaction, support or not as the fundamental starting point and end result, strengthen government performance awareness, improve government performance ability and standardize government performance.

In order to establish a strict social reward and punishment mechanism for dishonesty, the punishment for dishonesty must be clear and specific, and publicized to the public according to law. It is necessary to give more and more practical preferential treatment to those who are honest and trustworthy in terms of policies, finance and legal services, so as to "make it difficult for those who are faithless to move forward and benefit those who are trustworthy for a long time" and create an honest and trustworthy social atmosphere. Government departments can establish a "blacklist" system for the dishonest use of financial funds, conduct value management and quality evaluation on the fund management of market participants, and ensure that government investment can be used by market participants in an open, transparent, legal and compliant manner.

5。 Adhere to development as the center and promote industrial upgrading.

Industrial development generally goes through initial stage, cultivation stage, growth stage, maturity stage and decline stage. For emerging industries, from the initial stage, cultivation stage to growth stage, it often takes a long time to accumulate experience, step by step, down-to-earth time precipitation, patience, determination, inheritance and persistence.

According to our survey, the basic characteristics of all well-developed emerging enterprises at present all reflect the characteristics of focusing on their own advantages and doing a good job in their own industries. For example, Yu Shun Optical Technology (Group) Co., Ltd. has been deeply involved in the optical industry for more than 30 years, and the annual R&D investment intensity remains around 5%. It not only has strong international competitiveness in core optical technologies such as optical aspheric surface and AF/ZOOM, but also has strong international competitiveness in core photoelectric technologies such as optical sensing and micro-nano size measurement. Moreover, in the current severe economic situation, its sales revenue and profits have maintained a double-digit high-speed growth this year. Therefore, when the economic operation is facing greater downward pressure, we must respect the basic laws of industrial development, maintain the determination to focus on development, reduce the impetuous style of the Great Leap Forward, and increase the craftsman spirit of "processing is complicated and labor-saving, but taste is expensive and material-saving".

We should think more from the perspective of system, culture and humanity, aim at building top products and enhancing industrial competitiveness, rely on long-term experience accumulation and technical reserves, lay a solid foundation for industrial development, avoid low added value and bubble catering to performance-oriented development, and try our best to truly implement the support focus to those enterprises with inspirational R&D, basic technology and technical precipitation, rather than those enterprises with only scale, no technical contribution and "cheat and leave". It is necessary to fully solicit the opinions and suggestions of industries and enterprises in "high-tech fields supported by the state", evaluate core components and devices, bring the fields that meet the requirements into the scope of national encouragement policies, and improve the accuracy and scientificity of relevant policy support.

6。 Effectively start market demand and enhance industrial development momentum.

In order to effectively restrain the downward pressure of emerging industries in a short period of time and further promote the sustained and healthy development of industries, it is necessary to exert efforts from the demand side, increase the government's support for the application of new products, effectively start the market demand, and realize the coordination between industrial scale expansion and industrial competitiveness improvement. To this end, government departments can build a "dominant market" through policy tools such as legislation, standards, certification and government procurement, make full use of the huge market demand, and guide and support the development of key areas. For example, the development of high-end equipment manufacturing can be driven by the demand for high-end CNC machine tools through the technological transformation of aerospace, automobile and military industry, and by the interaction and cooperation of project procurement and special plans.

Explore and innovate the "first set" support policy, with the goal of opening up the whole industrial chain of R&D, manufacturing and application, encourage Industry-University-Research to cooperate, encourage R&D enterprises and users to jointly declare, encourage the scope of support to expand from the first set to the first batch and increase funding. At the same time, government departments should take more market-oriented ways to subsidize product applications, such as after-the-fact reward and loan linkage (loan discount).

Among them, the ex post award means that the applicant enterprise starts with its own funds, and after the project is completed and accepted, it will be rewarded according to a certain proportion of the total project investment. Loan linkage (loan discount) means that relevant government departments recommend application projects to financial institutions, and financial institutions give a certain proportion of credit loans to enterprises after reviewing the application projects; At the same time, the finance gives a certain period and a certain proportion of subsidies to the actual loan interest of the enterprise, and the loan interest discount ends here; However, after the project is accepted by the competent department, the loan linkage will allocate the balance of the actual subsidy amount after deducting the discount amount to the enterprise.

7。 Pay more attention to the development of small and medium-sized enterprises and promote the country through industry

The development of small and medium-sized enterprises is an important foundation for establishing a socialist market economic system, an effective carrier for attracting people to participate, absorbing the employed population and rejuvenating the vitality of industrial development, which fully embodies the distributed development concept of * * * sharing resources. Therefore, we must attach importance to the principle of "giving priority to small enterprises" in emerging industries, take small and medium-sized enterprises as the object, improve the market of human and material resources, and create a fair competitive market environment. It is necessary to form a cultural atmosphere in which all parties attach importance to the development of small and medium-sized enterprises, and consider setting up an "entrepreneur promotion award" to commend the public and private sectors that effectively promote entrepreneurship and the development of small and medium-sized enterprises. It is necessary to maintain a fair, open and just new market competition order, guide the market to "survive the fittest" according to energy consumption, water consumption, environmental protection and safety indicators rather than scale indicators, establish a new mechanism for orderly and controllable bankruptcy of inefficient enterprises, and promote fair competition among market participants.

Local governments should establish a risk-sharing compensation mechanism, release the panic of financial institutions, break the "crowding out effect" of SME financing, rebuild the trust relationship between banks and enterprises, and enhance the confidence of market-oriented financial institutions in SME financing by setting up risk-sharing funds and lending guidance funds. Formulate industrial development policies, avoid taking absolute scale as the threshold for industry entry, and eliminate development discrimination. Vigorously develop scientific and technological achievements transformation bases such as incubators, accelerators and specialized creative spaces, and actively cultivate innovative professional service institutions that serve small and medium-sized enterprises, such as employment training enterprises, leading talent training institutions, innovative small and medium-sized enterprises, and regional research institutions that enhance professional skills, so as to add impetus to the development of small and medium-sized enterprises.