What types of business do commercial banks mainly include? What is the relationship between various businesses?

It mainly includes: liability business, asset business and off-balance sheet business.

The relationship between various businesses:

(1) The liability business is the source of funds for commercial banks, and the asset business of commercial banks is its capital utilization business, which is mainly divided into two categories: lending business and investment business. Therefore, the relationship between the two is that the debt business raises funds for the asset business, and the asset business provides protection for commercial banks to carry out the debt business.

(2) Off-balance-sheet business mainly refers to intermediary business, that is, commercial banks are not included in the balance sheet according to accounting standards, which does not affect their total assets and liabilities, but can affect the bank's current profits and losses and change the bank's return on assets. Some intermediary businesses are closely related to asset business and liability business, and will be transformed into asset business and liability business under certain conditions.

Extended data:

Commercial banks will bear certain risks when carrying out asset business and liability business, and they must also follow certain principles when carrying out business activities.

The risks undertaken by commercial banks include credit risk, national risk and transfer risk, market risk, interest rate risk, liquidity risk, operational risk, legal risk and reputation risk.

The principles that commercial banks abide by: the principles of efficiency, safety and liquidity, that is, as an enterprise legal person, commercial banks' profit is their primary purpose. However, the income is based on the safety and liquidity of assets. Security is embodied in liquidity, which is based on efficiency. In the course of business operation, commercial banks must effectively seek a balance among the three.

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