Chess setup and rules. Urgent and fast! (Preferably with pictures)

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Chess consists of black and white pieces, with white playing first, and the aim of the game is to kill the opponent's king.

The rules of the game are:

When a player's king is attacked by an opponent's piece, it becomes the king's checkmate, and the attacking player is called the "general", at which point the attacked player must immediately "checkmate", and if it cannot avoid the general, the king is checkmated. In addition to "checkmate", there are also "timeout" and "draw". A draw occurs when:

one player proposes a draw when it is his turn to move, and his opponent agrees;

when neither player can checkmate his opponent's king, a draw is awarded;

when one player keeps on checkmating, and the opponent's king is unable to avoid checkmating, this becomes a long checkmate;

when one player's turn to move comes around, and his king is not checked but has no way out, this becomes a forcing draw;

A game in which the same position occurs three times, each time by the same player, is called a draw.

Board and pieces

The chessboard is a square, consisting of 64 squares of 8 squares in each direction, one darker and one lighter, arranged in interlocking colors. The dark-colored squares are called black squares and the light-colored squares are called white squares, and the pieces are placed in these squares to move. Chess pieces *** thirty-two, divided into two groups of black and white, each sixteen, by the game on both sides of a group, the pawns are the same, divided into six kinds: king (1), queen (1), rook (2), bishop (2), knight (2), pawns (8).

In official games, chess pieces are three-dimensional, while in informal games flat patterned pieces may be used.

- Queen: Horizontal, straight and diagonal moves are allowed, with no limit on the number of moves, but no crossing. It is the most powerful disc in chess.

- Rook: Horizontal and vertical moves are possible, but not diagonal moves. Normally it cannot cross.

- Bishop: can only move diagonally. There is no limit to the number of squares. Each side has two bishops, one on the white square and one on the black square.

- Knight: each move is a horizontal or straight move, followed by a diagonal move (six squares per diagonal move), which can be played without the restriction of the "lame knight's leg" in Chinese Chess.

- Pawn: can only move straight ahead, one square per move. However, on the first move, you can move up to two squares straight ahead. The pawn's method of capturing discs is different from the direction of travel, in that it is a straight-in diagonal capture, i.e., if there is an opponent's disc in the diagonal square of the pawn, it can capture it and occupy that square.

Special moves:

In addition to the general moves of all the above pieces, there are the following three special moves in chess:

- Eating a passed pawn: If the opponent's pawn moves for the first time and advances two squares straight ahead just so that there is a pawn of his own side side by side with it in close horizontal juxtaposition, his pawn may immediately move diagonally in to take the opponent's pawn. This move must be made immediately and is not valid after a slow move.

-Pawn promotion: When any pawn advances straight to the opponent's baseline, it can be promoted to any kind of piece except "king" and "pawn", and cannot not be promoted. Generally it can be upgraded to "queen" because "queen" is the most powerful; in special cases it can also be upgraded to "rook", "knight", "bishop In special cases, it can also be changed to "car", "horse", "elephant".

-King's Rook Transposition: In each game, each player has a chance to move the king's rook two squares in the direction of the rook, and then the rook passes over the king and is placed on the square immediately adjacent to the king. King-rook transpositions are categorized as "long transpositions" and "short transpositions" according to left and right.

King-rook transposition is not allowed in the following four cases:

The king or rook has already moved;

There are other pieces between the king and the rook;

The king is being "generalized" by the opponent;

The king passes through, or reaches a position which is attacked by the opponent's pieces.

Wins, losses, draws:

- In chess, the object of the game is to put the opponent's king to death. The rules of the game state that when a player's king is attacked by an opponent's piece, it becomes the king's checkmate, and the attacking player is called the "general", at which point the attacked player must immediately "respond to the checkmate", and if it is unable to avoid the checkmate, the king is checkmated to death. In addition to "checkmate", there are also "timeout" and "draw". A draw occurs when:

-When one player takes a turn and proposes a draw, the opponent agrees;

-When neither player is able to checkmate the opponent's king, a draw is awarded;

-When one player keeps on checkmating, and the opponent's king is not able to avoid checkmating, it becomes a "long checkmate";

-When it is the turn of When one side moves and the king is not generalized but has no way out, it is a "forced draw";

- If the same position occurs three times in a game and each time it is played by the same side, it is called a draw.

Scoring method:

Chess is scored on a level and point system. The levels are unranked and 30-1. Each level requires 100 points to be accumulated. The detailed calculation of points after winning or losing is as follows (Note: the points deducted by the losing side are equal to the points scored by the winning side):

-Draw: if the difference in points between the two sides is less than 10 points, no points are scored; if the difference is 10-99 points, the lower side will get (10+difference/10)/2; if the difference is more than 100 points, the lower side will get the difference/4.

Winning for the lower side: if the difference in points between the two sides is more than 100 points, the lower side will get the difference/4. If the difference is 100 points or more, the lower team gets the difference/2; if the difference is 10-99 points, the lower team gets 10+difference/10; if the difference is less than 10 points, the lower team gets 10 points.

- Senior side wins: no points for a difference of 200 or more existing points; 2 points for a difference of 100-199 points; 10-99 points for a difference of 10-12.5 points; 10 points for a difference of 10 points or less.

- Points scored/missed will stabilize after 50 games.

Ranking:

Grandmasters, International Masters, Chess Federation Masters, Women's Grandmasters, Women's International Masters.