What kind of place is Chongming?

Chongming County currently consists of three islands, Chongming, Changxing and Hengsha, with a total land area of 1,411 square kilometers on the three islands.

Chongming Island is located in the western Pacific coastline of China's midpoint area, is located in China's largest river Yangtze River estuary, is the world's largest estuarine alluvial island, is also China's second only to Taiwan Island, Hainan Island's third-largest island, there is a "gateway to the Yangtze River, the East China Sea, Yingzhou," the name. The island is surrounded by rivers on three sides and the sea on the other side, bordered by the Yangtze River in the west, the vast East China Sea in the east, Pudong New Area and Baoshan District in the south and Taicang City in Jiangsu Province across the water, and Haimen City and Qidong City in Jiangsu Province in the north. The island covers an area of 1,267 square kilometers, with an east-west length of 80 kilometers and a north-south width of 13 to 18 kilometers. The terrain of the island is flat, with no hills, slightly higher in the northwest and central part of the island, and slightly lower in the southwest and east part of the island, and more than 90% of the land elevation (with Wusong Elevation 0 meters as the reference) is between 3.21 meters and 4.20 meters. The geographical location of the island is between 121°09′30〃 and 121°54′00〃 in east longitude and 31°27′00〃 and 31°51′15〃 in north latitude. It is located in the northern subtropical zone with a mild and humid climate, the average annual temperature of which is 15.2℃, abundant sunshine and rainfall, and the four seasons are distinct. The island has clean water and soil, fresh air, excellent ecological environment, and the average life expectancy of residents is 76.7 years.

Changxing Island is located in the south waterway of Chang Jiang outside Wusongkou, neighboring Hengsha Island in the east and Chongming Island in the north. The island is in the shape of a belt, 26.8 kilometers long from east to west and 2 ~ 4 kilometers wide from north to south. It covers an area of 88 square kilometers, including 8.5 square kilometers of mudflats and 26.2 square kilometers of arable land (excluding Qianwei Farm). Along the south there are nearly 20 kilometers of deep-water shoreline, the general depth of water -12 m to -16 m, the deepest -22 m, can dock 300,000 tons of ships.

Hengsha Island is the Yangtze River estuary of the easternmost island, three sides of the river, one side of the sea. Backed by Changxing, the north and Chongming Island echo each other, and the south and Pudong across the river. The island is conch-shaped, about 12 kilometers long from north to south and 8 kilometers wide from east to west. The average elevation is 2.8 meters above sea level. The total area is 56 square kilometers, of which 26.8 square kilometers are arable land. At present, there are still beach resources 0 meters above 200,000 acres, -5 meters above 670,000 acres. The surrounding shoreline is more than 30 kilometers, of which about 2 kilometers of deep-water shoreline at the southern end, with a water depth of -12 meters or so.

Establishment history

Chongming Island into land has a history of more than 1300 years. In 618 A.D. (the first year of the Tang Dynasty's Wude), the two islands of Dongsha and Xisha began to emerge from the sea off the mouth of the Yangtze River. Later, many sandbars in the east and west, south and north of the rise and collapse changes, to the end of the Ming and early Qing dynasties, began to connect a large island of Chongming. A.D. 696 (Tang Dynasty, the first year of Tongtian), began to live on the island. In 705 AD (Tang Dynasty Shenlongyuan year), set up a town in Xisha, named Chongming ("Chong" for high, "Ming" for the sea and sky, "Chongming" means high above the water and flat and wide). ("Chong" means high, "Ming" means sea and sky, "Chongming" means high above the water but flat and wide). In 1222 A.D. (the 15th year of Jia Ding of the Southern Song Dynasty), the Tianci Salt Farm was set up under Tongzhou. In 1277 (14th year of the Yuan Dynasty), it was upgraded to Chongming Prefecture, attached to Yangzhou Road. In 1396 A.D. (the second year of Hongwu in the Ming Dynasty), it was changed from a prefecture to a county, and was first attached to Yangzhou Road, then to Suzhou Prefecture, and to Taicang Prefecture at the same time. During the Republic of China period, it was attached to Nantong and Songjiang in Jiangsu Province. After the liberation, it was attached to Jiangsu Nantong Prefecture, and since December 1, 1958, it has been attached to Shanghai Municipality, and is currently the only county among the nineteen districts and counties in Shanghai.

Changxing Island was landed in the Xianfeng era, and Hengsha Island has been reclaimed and relocated since 1886, with a history of about 120 years. Since May 18, 2005, by the Shanghai Municipal People's Government for approval by the State Council, the former Baoshan District, Shanghai Changxing, Hengsha two townships administrative division, into the Chongming County.

History

The people of Chongming have a glorious revolutionary tradition. In the Ming Dynasty, Chongming's "Sand Soldiers" were famous for their bravery during the anti-Japanese wars, and in the fall of 1921, the peasants of Xisha in Chongming revolted, and Mao Zedong wrote an article about the feat in the weekly newspaper "The Guide", the organ of the central government of the country at that time.In September 1926, Lu Tieqiang and Yu Fucai, special commissioners of the provincial committee of Jiangsu and Zhejiang of the People's Republic of China, returned to Chongming, and set up an early rural grass-roots party organization in the country. Rural grass-roots party organizations. In the long years of revolutionary struggle, many sons and daughters of Chongming for the revolutionary cause of the Chinese people sacrificed their precious lives.

Currently, Chongming County has 13 towns and 3 townships under its jurisdiction. Chengqiao Town, the seat of the county government, is the political, economic and cultural center of the county. After the merger of the three islands, the total population has increased, but the natural growth rate is still negative. at the end of 2005, the county's household population was 701,000 people, an increase of 69,000 people over the previous year, with a floating population of 83,000 people, a birth rate of 5.9 per thousand, a mortality rate of 8.8 per thousand, and a natural growth rate of -2.9 per thousand. Ethnic groups are mainly Han Chinese, and there are also Mongolian, Hui, Manchu, Zhuang, Bai, Yi, Korean, Uyghur, Buyi, Hani, Tujia, Tibetan and other ethnic minorities.

Objectives

The overall objective of the plan is: to adhere to the scientific concept of development, in accordance with the requirements of building a harmonious socialist society, around the construction of modern ecological island area of the overall goal, vigorously implement the main strategy of science and education to develop the county to accelerate the development of the three island linkage, and strive to make the three islands of Chongming become a harmonious human and natural to adapt to the construction of the long-term needs of the modernized international metropolis of Shanghai. Getting along with each other, economic and social coordinated development of one of the best areas.

Chongming three islands prospect target positioning: Chongming is an important strategic space for Shanghai's sustainable development. Adhere to the three islands function, industry, population, infrastructure linkage, respectively, the construction of integrated ecological island, marine equipment island, ecological leisure island, relying on scientific and technological innovation, the implementation of circular economy, the development of eco-industry, and strive to build Chongming into a harmonious and beautiful environment, intensive use of resources, the coordinated development of economic and social development of the modern ecological island area.

The three islands of Chongming's functional positioning is mainly reflected in the following six aspects: forest garden island, eco-habitat island, leisure and vacation island, green food island, marine equipment island, science and technology research and development island.

Economic Development

Economic Total

In 2005, the county's economy maintained a steady growth. The annual value-added was 9.57 billion yuan, an increase of 12.2% over the previous year, realizing double-digit growth for three consecutive years. Among them, the primary industry completed the added value of 1.61 billion yuan, an increase of 1.9% over the previous year, accounting for 16.8% of the county's added value, a decrease of 2.2 percentage points compared with the previous year; the secondary industry completed the added value of 4.39 billion yuan, an increase of 17.0% over the previous year, accounting for 45.9% of the county's added value, an increase of 2.1 percentage points compared with the previous year; the tertiary industry completed the added value of 3.57 billion yuan, an increase of 11.7% over the previous year increased by 11.7%, accounting for 37.3% of the county's value-added ratio, flat compared with the previous year.

This year the central government has been implementing a sound fiscal policy and monetary policy, tax sources steadily increased, fiscal revenue is guaranteed. The annual fiscal revenue of 2.64 billion yuan, an increase of 31.1% over the previous year. Among them: county-level fiscal revenue of 1.82 billion yuan, an increase of 53.2% over the previous year. New city development form construction is progressing well, infrastructure investment hit a record high, the annual completion of fixed asset investment of 2.77 billion yuan, an increase of 35.1% over the previous year. Among them, capital investment of 1.14 billion yuan, up 75.6% over the previous year; renewal and renovation investment of 190 million yuan, an increase of 9.3% over the previous year; real estate investment of 780 million yuan, an increase of 9.8% over the previous year; collective investment in rural areas of 660 million yuan, an increase of 27.2% over the previous year.

Agriculture

In 2005, the county centered on the goal of building an ecological island, with science and technology in agriculture as the main strategy, to further optimize the structure of the agricultural industry, stabilize food production, and vigorously develop green, pollution-free organic agriculture, and further promote the standardization of the leading products of agriculture, industrialization, and continue to improve the output rate of the land and the economic benefits of agriculture. Cultivation of "cold excellent Xiangqing", "Jiahua one" and "Jinfeng" and other mainly high-quality rice varieties planting area accounted for 95% of the county's total area of rice. Forestry production has a new development, the county's new ecological forest of 2400 hectares, 84 hectares of new economic forest. Livestock seriously grasp the prevention and control of major animal diseases, the realization of group prevention and control, and actively promote the characteristics of the breeding industry, pigs, poultry, eggs and other major agricultural and sideline products on the market than in the previous year there has been some growth. Fishery production to further optimize aquaculture varieties, and actively develop the characteristics of the aquaculture industry.

In 2005, the county's total agricultural output value of 4.38 billion yuan, an increase of 2.1% over the previous year, of which 2.17 billion yuan of planting, an increase of 6.4%; forestry 0.9 billion yuan, a decline of 11.2%; animal husbandry 550 million yuan, an increase of 1.1%; fisheries 1.48 billion yuan, a decline of 1.6%; 0.9 billion yuan of agricultural services, a decline of 12.1%. The annual grain cultivation area was 50,678 hectares, and the total grain output reached 303,031 tons.

Industry

Industrial enterprises to overcome the inconvenience of transportation, raw materials and energy constraints and other adverse impacts, industry restructuring efforts to further increase the focus of the product, the advantage of the industry in the county industry to increase the share of industrial production, industrial production and sales of good convergence of the total volume of production reached the highest level in history. Annual industrial output value of 11.68 billion yuan, an increase of 15.7% over the previous year. Completed industrial sales value of 11.49 billion yuan, an increase of 14.8% over the previous year. The economic efficiency of industrial enterprises continued to improve. 2005 the county completed the industrial added value of 3.06 billion yuan, an increase of 18.3% over the previous year; the annual total profit of 540 million yuan, an increase of 4.4% over the previous year.

The advantages of industrial enterprises above the scale are obvious, the annual total industrial output value of 9.89 billion yuan, accounting for 84.7% of the county's total industrial output value. Key industry growth rate is obvious, medicine, marine equipment manufacturing output value increase of more than 50 %. "One industry special strong" industry has new growth, daily stainless steel and commercial equipment manufacturing annual output value of 1.21 billion yuan, an increase of 1.7% over the previous year.

Construction

Construction industry to maintain faster development. The annual gross output value of the construction industry completed 8.31 billion yuan, an increase of 32.9% over the previous year; completed the construction industry added value of 1.33 billion yuan, an increase of 20.2% over the previous year. Included in the county fixed asset investment plan for housing construction area of 773,000 square meters, an increase of 8.6% over the previous year; completed area of 426,000 square meters, a decrease of 4.3% over the previous year.

Financial industry

The financial market system has been gradually improved, the level of financial services continues to improve, and the total amount of bank deposits and loans continues to increase. the balance of deposits of financial institutions at the end of 2005 was 22.1 billion yuan, an increase of 3.45 billion yuan compared with the beginning of the year; the balance of loans was 12.2 billion yuan, an increase of 210 million yuan compared with the beginning of the year, among which housing loans amounted to 3.57 billion yuan, a decrease of 150 million yuan compared with the beginning of the year.

Internal and external trade

Commercial outlets to increase the layout of efforts to expand the scale of market sales. 2005 completed the total retail sales of consumer goods 2.01 billion yuan, an increase of 10.8% over the previous year. Among them, 580 million yuan of retail sales of food commodities, an increase of 11.4%; wearing goods retail sales of 240 million yuan, an increase of 9.8%; with the retail sales of 90 million yuan of commodities, an increase of 10.6%; burned goods retail sales of 0.7 billion yuan, an increase of 11.6%; fair trade turnover of 220 million yuan, an increase of 10.6% over the previous year.

Foreign trade enterprises to actively adjust the product structure, vigorously cultivate new growth points, the export capacity has been significantly strengthened. 2005 completed the foreign trade export turnover of 2.57 billion yuan, an increase of 20.8% over the previous year. Of which 2.54 billion yuan of industrial exports, an increase of 21.4%; agricultural and sideline products exports of 0.03 billion yuan, down 11.4%.

Invitation

Invitation measures are strong, effective, the two parks form the development of a substantial stage. 2005, the county introduced 1,514 various types of enterprises, 108 fewer than the previous year; the total registered capital of 4.13 billion yuan, the cumulative completion of 1.9 billion yuan in taxes, an increase of 43.9% over the previous year. Among them, Chongming Industrial Park and Fusheng Development Zone *** the introduction of 473 registered enterprises, registered capital of 1.27 billion yuan, the completion of the tax 910 million yuan; townships and townships to introduce enterprises in the economic district 1041, registered capital of 2.86 billion yuan, the completion of the tax 990 million yuan.

In 2005, there were 24 newly-approved three-funded enterprises, 23 fewer than the previous year; the total project investment was 69.92 million U.S. dollars, and the contracted foreign investment was 27.41 million U.S. dollars, which were 360.3% and 155.9% higher than the previous year respectively.

Post and telecommunications and transportation

Communication infrastructure construction accelerated, urban and rural information technology services improved significantly. 2005, the county's post and telecommunications business income of 230 million yuan. At the end of the year, the total capacity of telephone exchanges was 253,000 doors. At the end of the year, there were 227,000 telephone users, a net increase of 20,000 over the previous year. The number of residential telephones per 100 households reached 87. The postal business developed steadily, with 6.7 million incoming and outgoing letters, 108,000 incoming and outgoing express mail, and 14.44 million copies of various newspapers and magazines issued in 2005.

The promotion and application of information technology construction has achieved obvious results. In accordance with the "pragmatic, for the people, efficient" work requirements, the timely completion of the task of information disclosure, the organization and implementation of the Chongming government website for the second time the revision of the work of the various commissions and bureaus to actively promote the use of genuine software, the use of existing network resources, to promote the county-level online administrative examination and approval work, so that the government portal and the function of the official network has been enhanced. Upgrade. Annual **** collection of social security card information 7,801 people, the issuance of social security cards 7,246.

Transportation facilities continue to improve, passenger transport capacity gradually improved. 2005 total investment of 31 million yuan, the construction of three high-speed wheel and a car ferry, 830 new passenger spaces, 28 new parking spaces, between Shanghai Chong car passengers to and from more quickly and conveniently. During the year, two new water routes were opened in Changxing and Hengsha, increasing the number of water transportation routes to 18. The annual water transport passengers 11.42 million; ferry vehicles 1.24 million times. 2005 year-end, **** there are 30 bus lines, line length of 910.7 kilometers, the annual transportation of 21.99 million passengers.

Tourism

In accordance with the functional positioning of Chongming Eco-Island, it actively develops new tourist attractions and vigorously develops ecological leisure tourism. 2005 saw the construction of a new experimental base for ecological restoration of the Xisha Wetland in Chongming and the World Estuarine Sandbar Exhibition Hall, as well as the opening up of new tourist attractions such as the Pearl Lake. Using the opportunity of festivals and activities to build Chongming tourism brand, successfully organized the "Island Driving Tour", "Forest Carnival", "Pearl Lake Cup Fishing Tournament", Theme activities such as "Qianwei Golden Autumn Ecological and Cultural Festival", "Fisherman's Happy Festival", "Photography Exhibition of Agricultural Family Style", etc. attracted tourists from both inside and outside the island to visit the city. In 2005, received 792,000 tourists, an increase of 2.6% over the previous year; completed operating income of 190 million yuan, an increase of 27.3% over the previous year.