Bridge abutment large formwork construction program?

The main feature of gravity bridge abutment is to rely on its own weight to balance the external force to keep it stable, so the platform body is thicker and can be built without steel reinforcement, but with natural stone or schist concrete masonry. It is suitable for large and medium-sized bridges with good foundations, or in rivers with more flowing ice and floating objects. It is also often used for small bridges in areas where sand and gravel materials are convenient. The main disadvantage is that the volume of masonry is larger, and thus its self-weight and water-blocking area are also larger. The main components are table cap, pier, foundation, back wall, cone slope and other parts.

Gravity type U-type bridge abutment, it mainly rely on self-weight to balance the external load, in order to maintain their own stability. Most of the bridge abutment body is constructed by masonry materials such as block stone, sheet concrete or concrete, and adopts the construction method of in-situ masonry or pouring. The gravity U-shaped bridge abutment consists of a platform body (front wall), a platform cap, a foundation and wing walls on both sides, and is U-shaped in plan. Platform body support bridge span structure, and bear the role of soil pressure behind the platform; wing wall connection embankment, in order to meet certain conditions, and the front wall **** with the soil pressure, the side wall outside the conical berm. This abutment structure is simple, but the platform is higher when the project is larger, generally used for bridge span smaller low abutment.

Buried abutment is named because the platform body is buried in the cone fill. It has the advantages of a short platform body, the amount of work to save. But the cone fill out of the front edge of the abutment, encroachment of the bridge hole over the water area, and thus the abutment is vulnerable to water scour damage. Buried abutment due to the short body, light weight, high fill, soil pressure, in order to resist the soil pressure behind the platform, are generally made into the form of the platform behind the back, therefore, also known as the back of the buried abutment. This type of abutment is suitable for bridge span and high fill abutment. The shape of the ear wall abutment is equivalent to cut off the lower part of the U-shaped abutment. This abutment than U-shaped abutment has the advantage of less work, but its structure is more complex, reinforced concrete ear wall construction is also more difficult. This bridge deck application is not yet common.