What is the specific goal of school physical education curriculum?

The new round of curriculum reform in China, based on modern educational ideas, actively advocates the reform of teaching methods, trying to change the situation of relying only on textbooks and existing school facilities for teaching for a long time, thus putting forward higher requirements for the construction of physical education curriculum resources. The relationship between PE curriculum and PE curriculum resources is the relationship between fish and water. Without the extensive support of physical education curriculum resources, physical education curriculum reform can not be discussed, and physical education curriculum goals can not be achieved smoothly. I. Establishment of Multiple Physical Education Curriculum Objectives 1999 The CPC Central Committee and the State Council made the "Decision on Deepening Education Reform and Implementing Quality Education in an All-round Way", which set off a nationwide upsurge of basic education reform. The name of physical education class was changed to "Physical Education and Health" course, and the standards of physical education and health, as well as the curriculum objectives, learning field objectives and learning level objectives were formulated, thus making the requirements of physical education courses for students more specific and clear. The new curriculum of physical education and health aims at (1) strengthening physical fitness and mastering and applying basic physical education and health knowledge and skills; (2) Cultivate the interest and hobby of taking an active part in sports, and form the habit of persisting in exercise; (3) Good psychological quality, showing interpersonal skills and cooperative spirit; (4) Improve the sense of responsibility for personal health and group health, and form a healthy lifestyle; (5) Carry forward the spirit of sports and form a positive, optimistic and cheerful attitude towards life. The course objectives include five learning areas: sports participation, sports skills, physical health, mental health and social adaptation. Physical education teachers are faced with multiple goals in five fields. How to organize teaching in physical education class, or how to achieve these goals, requires our physical education workers to tap curriculum resources that are conducive to the realization of various target areas for students of different ages and levels, and complete multi-objective curriculum tasks with different curriculum forms (explicit and implicit) and teaching methods. Second, correctly understand the curriculum resources 1. The traditional misunderstanding of curriculum resources At present, the understanding of sports workers in basic education in China is still relatively narrow. Traditionally, physical education curriculum resources are physical education textbooks and existing venue equipment. Because physical education textbooks are teachers' books and students' books are compiled according to the teaching contents stipulated in the syllabus, the specific contents of each textbook and the organization of teaching methods and requirements. In other words, as long as there are textbooks, PE teachers will know what to teach and how to teach, and with venue equipment, they will know where to teach and what to teach. For students, with physical education textbooks, they know what to learn and how to learn. When it comes to the development and utilization of sports resources, the traditional understanding is to order textbooks, or compile textbooks, or even import foreign textbooks. This understanding still stays in the era of paper printing. It is true that teaching materials have always been the main curriculum resources of school physical education in China, but they are by no means the only curriculum resources. Getting out of the misunderstanding of curriculum resources and establishing a correct and comprehensive understanding of curriculum resources are the guarantee to achieve diversified curriculum goals. 2. Concept and classification of physical education curriculum resources. Because the research on curriculum resources in China started late, especially the research on physical education curriculum resources is less, here are several representative studies to analyze and elaborate. Xu Chenggong and others pointed out in the article "On Curriculum Resources and Their Development and Utilization" that curriculum resources are the sum of all human, material and natural resources that can be used in the whole process of curriculum design, implementation and evaluation. Including teaching materials and various resources in schools, families and society that help improve students' quality. Curriculum resources are not only the carrier of knowledge, information and experience, but also the medium of curriculum implementation. Curriculum resources refer to the sum of all kinds of conditions that are rich in educational value and can be transformed into or serve school curriculum. Dr. Wu Gangping's understanding of curriculum resources is representative. He believes that curriculum resources in a broad sense refer to various factors that are conducive to achieving curriculum goals. In a narrow sense, curriculum resources only refer to the source of the direct factors that constitute the curriculum. Song Wei, a master graduate student in the School of Physical Education of Southwest Normal University, applied Dr. Wu Gangping's definition of curriculum resources in his master's thesis, and defined physical education curriculum resources in a broad sense and a narrow sense. Physical education curriculum resources in a broad sense refer to various factors that are conducive to the realization of physical education curriculum goals; The narrow sense of physical education curriculum resources only refers to the direct source of physical education curriculum. There are many kinds of classification methods of physical education curriculum resources, such as: according to the way of existence, it is divided into explicit resources and implicit resources; According to spatial distribution, it can be divided into on-campus and off-campus resources; It can be divided into natural resources and social resources by nature; According to the existing form, it can be divided into material form resources and spiritual form resources. Of course, there is no absolute boundary for the division of various curriculum resources, but for the needs of research, resources are not antagonistic, but cross. Each resource has its direct and indirect functions and functions, and this paper highlights the relatively direct role and function of curriculum resources in achieving the goal. At this point, we have a full understanding of curriculum resources and physical education curriculum resources. Here we use a relatively broad concept of physical education curriculum resources, which refers to the source of factors to achieve the goal of physical education curriculum. Third, the main way to realize the diversified physical education curriculum goals by using curriculum resources. The goal of physical education curriculum includes five learning areas, which are actually composed of two main lines, one is physical activity, and the other is health. The main line of physical activity includes sports participation and sports skills; The main line of health includes physical health, mental health and social adaptation. 1. The main way to realize the main line of sports activities is to let students participate in sports. It is not enough to rely solely on the strength of physical education teachers. We should also attach importance to and develop all human resources inside and outside the school that are conducive to achieving the goals of physical education courses. In school, the head teacher, teachers with sports expertise, students and school doctors should be regarded as part-time sports tasks, so that students can participate in colorful sports activities, give play to the role of school sports professionals and promote the in-depth development of physical education courses; After school, we should make full use of the help of community sports instructors, community sports professionals and parents, so that students can actively participate in community sports activities, get the support and supervision of parents, and realize the curriculum goal of sports participation through multiple channels. The formation of sports skills mainly depends on the teaching of sports explicit curriculum, which is a direct and clear way to achieve the goals of physical education curriculum in schools according to educational goals and school physical education goals. Based on the theory and practice of sports science, the explicit curriculum of sports is to select and arrange appropriate explicit curriculum resources as the teaching content according to the teaching needs and the characteristics of students' physical and mental development at different ages, organize the sports discipline system, and ensure that all students master basic and systematic sports knowledge, technology and skills, so as to realize the curriculum. 2. The main way to realize the main line of health One of the basic concepts of physical education and health curriculum is to adhere to the guiding ideology of health first, which fully shows that the goal is to improve the overall health level of students' physical, psychological and social adaptability, pay attention to the cultivation of students' health awareness and exercise habits, and emphasize that students' health should run through the whole process of curriculum implementation. However, improving students' health level can not be achieved overnight and in a few days of physical education class, but a long-term and systematic project. This requires the comprehensive utilization of all physical education curriculum resources that are conducive to the realization of the goal. (1) Ways to achieve health goals by using hidden curriculum resources. The hidden curriculum resources of physical education refers to the curriculum resources that exert an indirect and hidden influence on teaching activities through irrational experiences such as school and social atmosphere, teacher-student relationship, value norms, emotional expression, thinking mode and behavior mode. Pay attention to the potential effect of sports environment on students, so that students can get subtle influence and infection. The educational experience transmitted to students by the hidden curriculum of physical education is extensive, irrational and uninformed. This influence not only involves cognition, but also mainly involves ideas, emotions, will, morality, interests, etc., not only related to physiology, but also related to psychology, morality and culture. It widely exists in the material civilization and spiritual civilization environment of schools, and has an impact on the educated all the time. Hidden physical education curriculum often enables students to absorb relevant educational experience through unconscious psychological activity mechanism and get long-term edification in a natural, relaxed and pleasant environment. Educational means are non-mandatory and have lasting effects. Its influence on students often touches the depths of their hearts, leaving students with deep memories, even unforgettable memories, and having a lasting and profound impact on the cultivation of students' lifelong sports awareness and exercise habits. (2) Ways to achieve health goals by using sports facilities resources. Sports venues and equipment are the material guarantee for strengthening quality education, improving teaching quality and improving students' health. The state has formulated the Catalogue of Allocation of Sports Equipment and Facilities in Schools at All Levels, and schools at all levels should strengthen the implementation to ensure the rational allocation of facilities and resources. The complete configuration of sports facilities, the multifunctional development of sports equipment, the perfect development of equipment and the reasonable design and layout of venue equipment in the educational environment will all be stored as a kind of information in tangible carriers, and the educated will unconsciously absorb this information and accept the influence of beauty. (3) Ways to achieve health goals by using sports resources. The existing traditional sports resources are very rich, but most of them are mainly competitive. In order to meet the actual needs of primary and secondary schools, schools and teachers at all levels should reform sports according to students' age and physical and mental development, simplify rules, simplify techniques and tactics, modify content and reduce difficulty. This is an important part of curriculum design and an important aspect for teachers to play a leading role. For outdoor life, roller skating, leisure sports, yoga and other emerging sports, we should choose according to the actual situation of our local school. China is a multi-ethnic country with a long history of national sports culture, which is a valuable resource that should be vigorously developed and utilized in physical education and health courses, such as goats of Bai nationality, swinging of Korean nationality and wrestling of Mongolian nationality. There are many available resources to achieve the goal of physical education curriculum, such as physical geography curriculum resources and sports information resources, which are not detailed here. In short, schools at all levels should give full play to the leading role of physical education teachers, use, improve and tap the physical education curriculum resources that are conducive to the realization of curriculum objectives, implement the spirit of quality education, and enhance students' physique.