What kind of city is Changzhi and what are its tourist destinations?

Changzhi is a national garden city and a national sanitary city, which was founded in June of 1945 and 10. In 2004, it was elected as one of the top ten charming cities in China. Changzhi City is located at 35 50'-37 08' north latitude,11'-113 40' east longitude, bordering Taihang Mountain, Hebei and Henan provinces in the east and Taitai in the west. Surrounded by Taihang Mountain and Taiyue Mountain, it forms plateau topography, commonly known as "Lu Qin Plateau" and "Shangdang Basin". Mountains, hills and basins crisscross the territory, and the elevation is mostly between 800-1500m. The top of the northern platform of Taiyue Mountain is 2453 meters above sea level. Changzhi City now governs 10 counties, 2 districts and 1 county-level cities.

Changzhi is a typical mid-temperate semi-humid continental monsoon climate, with no severe cold in winter, no intense heat in summer and the same season of rain and heat. The annual average temperature is between 4.9- 10.4 degrees Celsius, and the climatic conditions are similar to those of Chengde, a summer resort. 65438+ 10 is the coldest month, with an average minimum temperature of -6.9 degrees Celsius. July is the hottest, with an average maximum temperature of 22.5 degrees Celsius. Known as "a city without fans". The annual sunshine hours are 24 18-26 16 hours, the annual average precipitation is 537.4-656.7mm, the maximum in July is 132.2mm, the minimum in June is 5.5mm, and the annual average frost-free period is/kloc. Average monthly temperature in Changzhi: 1 month: minus 6.9℃, February: minus 3.4℃, March: 3.7℃, April: 1 1.7℃, May: 17.4℃, and June: 20.5.

Changzhi, known as Shangdang in ancient times, is located in the southeast of Shanxi Province, and Xunzi is called Shangdi. "Joining the party" means the place above, that is, "the top of Taihang Mountain has the highest terrain and heaven is the party". Because of its dangerous terrain, it has been a battleground for military strategists since ancient times, and it is known as "the Central Plains is expected to be won by the party". In addition, Changzhi has a long history and culture and a glorious revolutionary tradition, and it is the base for studying Shanxi's history and culture and carrying forward the revolutionary tradition. As early as ancient times, our ancestor Shennong Yandi once tasted herbs, domesticated livestock and developed primitive agriculture here. During the Yin and Shang Dynasties, Changzhi was a vassal state below the Yin and Shang Dynasties, which was called "Li" in history. Spring and Autumn Return to Jin. During the Warring States Period, Zhao, Wei and Han were divided into Jin, and Changzhi was the capital of South Korea, known as Shangdang County. The Sui Dynasty was changed to Luzhou. After several changes, the Tang Dynasty was changed to Shangdang County, Luzhou, Hedong Road. In the eighth year of Jiajing in Ming Dynasty (A.D. 1529), it was renamed Lu 'an House, hence the name of Changzhi County. Changzhi County, Lu 'an Prefecture, followed the old system in Qing Dynasty. At the beginning of the Republic of China, the road was abandoned and Changzhi was changed to Jining Road. 19 (A.D. 1930), giving up orthodoxy and changing Changzhi zhili province into its jurisdiction. During the 50-odd years from 1945 to 1945, Changzhi was liberated on10.8, and experienced many administrative divisions adjustments and changes. For example, it is a city under the jurisdiction of Shanxi Province, managed by Changzhi District and under the administrative office of southeast Shanxi. Changzhi belongs to the Central Plains culture of the Yellow River Basin and has a long history. Legendary stories such as Houyi shooting at the sun, Jingwei filling the sea, Gong Yu moving mountains and Shanhaijing all originated from this place. Changzhi is one of the birthplaces of our Chinese nation and an old revolutionary base area. During the War of Resistance against Japanese Aggression period, our Party established the anti-Japanese base areas based on Taihang Mountain and Taiyue Mountain, and later developed into the Shanxi-Hebei-Shandong-Henan Border Region, which was the largest base area in North China at that time. The headquarters of the Eighth Route Army and the Central North Bureau have been stationed in Wuxiang and Lucheng for a long time, and they are the hubs of the anti-Japanese front in North China. If we want to talk about Changzhi culture, we should start from Changzhi. Changzhi, "the top of Taihang Mountain, the highest terrain, is the party with heaven", so it was called Shangdang in ancient times and was known as the "roof of the world". Here, the mountains are strong and dangerous, with a long history and civilization, magnificent mountains and rivers, rich human souls and flying charm. It is really a pearl on Taihang Mountain. Shangdang is the hometown of myth. Among the prehistoric myths and legends in China, Shangdang myth occupies an important position because of its primitive origin, concentrated density and detailed content. Sweeping away the dust of the years and penetrating the barrier of time and space, we seem to see Shennong tasting grass, the goddess mending the sky, taking nine days to make a move, and jingwei filling the sea. These social legends that laid the foundation of Chinese civilization, together with the mountains that gave birth to them, stand high in the hearts of the Chinese nation, reflecting the long history of Changzhi ancient civilization and confirming the profoundness of Shangdang's history and culture. Shangdang is the earliest birthplace of Chinese civilization. Shangdang gave birth to the national ancestors who sowed grains and crops, and the dawn of civilization first appeared here. Wood fossils 250 million years ago wrote a long and profound first chapter for Shangdang civilization; The first complete dinosaur fossil in New China shows the world the timeless and timeless Shangdang civilization. Numerous sites and endless historical traces, like pearls scattered on Shangdang land, prove to you the long history of Changzhi civilization for thousands of years and tell the long history of Shangdang culture. Shangdang is a magical land. The mountains in Changzhi not only have a beautiful and vigorous appearance, but also contain the infinite connotation of excellent national culture; The water in Changzhi not only has the charm of rivers, but also confirms the splendid national culture. Changzhi mountains and rivers, North-South compatibility, both rigidity and softness, can be said to be the victory of beautiful mountains and rivers, and the wealth of cultural prosperity, which will surely be yearned for by the benevolent and wise. Shangdang is the hometown of poetry and books. Magnificent mountains, beautiful water, ancient civilization and profound culture have attracted countless literati and poets. Throughout the ages, many literati have visited Taihang Mountain to enjoy the beauty of mountains and rivers, and have been admitted to Shangdang to appreciate the long history and culture. They were stationed in Changzhi, admiring the beauty of humanistic customs, or composing poems, leaving many excellent works of parallel prose and essays. These brilliant and timeless masterpieces artistically reproduce the ancient charm, beautiful scenery, human geography and simple folk customs of Shangdang in a realistic way, and record the nostalgia and nostalgia of literati for Changzhi. Shangdang is the hometown of opera musicians. Big stage of heaven and earth, small world of stage. Shangdang Opera has been rooted in Shangdang for thousands of years, and Shangdang is like a lush old tree, witnessing the changes of Cang Sang. With the exaggeration of "three to five travels all over the world, with six or seven people and millions of soldiers", with high-pitched and exciting music singing and wonderful performances from generation to generation, Shangdang Opera has created unparalleled glories such as "Shangdang Song and Dance Orchard is the first", "All schools of thought can recite", "Full House is famous" and "Singing the Red Capital". Shangdang is the hometown of etiquette. One side of the soil and water supports one side of the people, and the land of China has undergone tremendous changes. Folk culture has been precipitated at the bottom of society and has retained many cultural essences of the Chinese nation. "Different winds in ten miles, different customs in a hundred miles", which has thousands of years of cultural accumulation and the influence of mountains and rivers, has its particularity. As the saying goes, "Diligence is its essence, extravagance is its habit, strength is rooted in local flavor, and pure beauty is transformed." Shangdang is the hometown of famous products. Chairman Mao said in "Talk about Chongqing": There is a footbath between Taihang Mountain, Taiyue Mountain and Zhongtiao Mountain, which is Shangdang District. There is fish and meat in the footbath. Chairman Mao's "Fish and Meat" is actually rich in products. Qinzhou Huang, the "first meter in China", once attended the royal banquet of Emperor Kangxi. Lu Si, one of the four famous silks in China, was once "clothed all over the world" and "spread all over the world", and was known as the Changzhi gold heap, which was once famous at the Panama World Expo. In a tiny place, she once enjoyed the reputation of "natural iron house", "fighting for gold every day" and "taking part in the party". Shangdang cuisine used to worship the emperor and adapt to the people. It has a long history and accompanied Shangdang people through countless winter and summer vacations. Shangdang's famous food is profound but elegant, which is the crystallization of culture and the confirmation of region. Huguan mutton soup once made Cao Cao's soldiers full of food and drink, full of energy, climbed Taihang Mountain in one breath and destroyed Gao Qian; Half a pimple saved Guangwudi. Lucheng's "jiaozi Cake and Bacon" was named by Tang Xuanzong himself. Huangjia bean jelly comes from the royal family. Qinxian dry cake was once a tribute cake ... It turns out that famous food also contains history and culture. This is Shangdang, with beautiful scenery and long cultural heritage; This is Changzhi, with heroic talent and magnificent civilization. This is Shangdang, which has an eternal historical footprint and the fragrance of the times that began today; This is Changzhi, which not only embodies the grandeur of history, but also shines with the charm of the future.

The unique skill of attending the party-octagonal swing octagonal swing

Octagonal swing is a unique form of entertainment in Shangdang area, and it is also the wisdom crystallization of our villagers' ancient traditional culture. Bagua Ball is a double-decker pavilion swing, luxuriantly decorated and suspended in mid-air. Its top can rotate as a whole and eight people can swim at the same time. Swingers in autumn have the beauty of Chun Yan spreading her wings and Chang 'e flying. So there is a saying that "swinging an octagonal swing is half a fairy". It is an entertainment program that is very suitable for the public, and it is also a work of art that shows local culture and people's wisdom! Octagonal Autumn, alias: Octagonal Swing, Eight Hanging Autumn. It is named after the eight-hanging swing. This is a unique swing! Generally, the traditional temple fairs in our village are built during the traditional temple fairs, which are held every nine years on the ninth day of the second lunar month! The octagonal autumn is about 20 meters high, the diagonal of the main shed is about 8 meters, and the upper autumn platform is about 2.5 meters high and 9 meters in diameter. The swing is tall and powerful in outline, fine in workmanship and beautiful in appearance. When it rotates, the ribbon dances, and it is tall, cheering and beautiful. It fully embodies the wisdom of the villagers in our village and their bright future for the new countryside! Show the unique charm of folk culture and art!

Cultural characteristics

Changzhi, located at the top of Taihang Mountain, has been said to be "the party with heaven" since ancient times, so it is also called "Shangdang". As early as 10 thousand years ago, human beings lived and worked here, which is one of the birthplaces of the Chinese nation. Yandi Shennong once tasted grains, made crops and cultivated crops here. During the Yao and Shun period, Changzhi was "the land of Jizhou, belonging to the imperial capital". Shangdang is the hometown of myth. Among the prehistoric myths and legends in China, Shangdang myth occupies an important position because of its primitive origin, concentrated density and detailed content. Shangdang is the earliest birthplace of Chinese civilization. Shangdang gave birth to the national ancestors who sowed grains and crops. The wood fossil 250 million years ago, the first complete dinosaur fossil in New China, shows the timeless and timeless Shangdang civilization. Changzhi mountains and rivers, North-South compatibility, both rigidity and softness, can be said to be the victory of beautiful mountains and rivers, and the wealth of cultural prosperity, which will surely be yearned for by the benevolent and wise. Shangdang is the hometown of poetry and books. Magnificent mountains, beautiful water, ancient civilization and profound culture have attracted countless literati or poems and songs, leaving many well-known parallel poems and masterpieces. Shangdang is the hometown of opera musicians. Shangdang Opera has created unparalleled glories, such as "Shangdang Song and Dance is the first pear garden", "All schools of thought can recite", "Full House becomes famous" and "Singing the Red Capital". Shangdang folk custom has its particularity because of its cultural accumulation for thousands of years and the influence of mountains and rivers. As the saying goes, "Diligence is its essence, extravagance is its habit, strength is rooted in local flavor, and beauty comes from transformation." Shangdang is the hometown of delicious food. Shangdang's famous food is profound but elegant, which is the crystallization of culture and the confirmation of the region. Huguan mutton soup once made Cao Cao's soldiers full of food and drink, full of energy, climbed Taihang Mountain in one breath and destroyed Gao Qian; Mix a knot in one's heart to save Guangwudi. Lucheng's "jiaozi Cake Bacon" was named by Tang Xuanzong himself, Huangjia bean jelly came from the royal family, and Qinxian dry cake was once a tribute cake. ......

Shenjiazhai Village, a tourist resort, is located in Xibaitu Township, a suburb of Changzhi City, Shanxi Province, with Xiaohanshan in the north and Zhanghe River in the west. Located in the northeast corner of Shangdang basin, it belongs to the hilly area on the edge of Shangdang basin. According to the genealogy of Shen Shi, Shen Shi's ancestors moved in from Tiangong Village, Lucheng County during the Wanli period of Ming Dynasty. There are more than 300 households in the village, with *** 1300 people, and Shen Shi clan accounts for 70%. Shenjia yard

Nakamura belongs to Lucheng County and is the chief secretary of Zhili Shanxi in the Ming Dynasty. The harsh natural environment has not dispelled people's desire to actively survive. They have shifted from agricultural production to handicrafts such as silk, cloth and wine making. Because it is located in Hedong Yanchi and the transportation route of local materials to the southeast, it is also the only way for Shaanxi and Jinnan to transport to Henan, and it is also an important channel connecting Taiyuan in the north. This unique condition, coupled with the abundant local iron ore production, makes salt and iron an important commodity for Lu Ze businessmen. According to Lucheng County Records, from the Qing Dynasty to the Republic of China, Nakamura was one of the famous local material exchange centers. With the development of Shanxi merchants, the merchant courtyard has become the representative of Shanxi merchants' culture and a dazzling pearl in the history of China residential architecture. Shen Mingchu moved from Tiangong Village in Lucheng County to Nancun Village, and moved to Zhongcun Village in the 11th year of Jiajing in Ming Dynasty (AD 1532). Since the ancestor Shen XIII, it has been propagated to the twenty-first generation. Shen XIII had two sons, four generations with seven sons, seven generations with thirty sons and eight generations with fifty sons, which became a big family. The old house of Shen family in the village was built in the middle of Ming Dynasty, and was basically built in Guangxu period. There are more than 20 courtyards, more than 50 caves and more than 300 rooms in the village, which are basically well preserved and are very valuable architectural heritage. The village is located in a semi-hilly area, with high terrain in the east and low terrain in the west, high terrain in the south and low terrain in the north. It is distributed in a grid with Cross Street as the center, and is divided into four regions: northeast, southeast, southwest and northwest. Shenjiazhai Courtyard is located in Northeast China. The buildings in the Ming and Qing dynasties in the village are mainly composed of two parts: one part is the commercial area built on both sides of the ancient street, and there are shops opened by Shen Jia in Nakamura at that time, which are composed of handicraft and commercial buildings such as pawn shops, salt shops, cloth shops, flower shops, dyeing shops, iron shops and sesame shoe shops; The other part is the courtyard No.24 of the Shen family, which covers an area of about 30,000 m and is mainly used for living, receiving distinguished guests and some warehouses. An ancient street in the village is introduced from the entrance of the village and runs through the whole village. The north-south trend of the ancient street evolved into a commercial street with the mutual development of the ancient commercial road and commerce, and finally became the village layout axis of Nakamura in Qing Dynasty. The northern end of the ancient street ends at Shenjia Courtyard, which leads to the layout of Shenjia shops in the village showing two layout modes: along the street and at the top, and finally forming a T-shaped arrangement. The quadrangle where Shenjiadian is located has two layouts: one is that the quadrangle itself is north-south, and the house on the street side is set as the pavement of the shop and is open to the outside world; The other is that the whole courtyard is dominated by the spatial axis perpendicular to the street direction, and various combinations make the spatial layout of the village more flexible and the land use more effective. Another characteristic part of the spatial layout of the village is the Shenjia Courtyard, which was originally composed of 24 courtyards. Due to the long history and some man-made destruction during the Cultural Revolution, only seven courtyards are well preserved, but the scale and heroism of the courtyards can still be seen from the collapsed walls and the remaining cornerstones. These 24 courtyards are located on the east-west parallel axes respectively, and naturally there is a broken roof Shenjiayuan with a height difference of nearly 4.5m between the two axes.

From Cross Street to the east, the first step is the west axis of Yard 24. There are five spatial nodes on the west axis, namely storefront courtyard, lobby courtyard, garden, residence, skirt building and cave dwelling. The unique function of merchant residence carries the outward functional module centered on storefront and the inward functional module centered on garden. The starting point of the west axis is the frontage space at the northeast corner of Cross Street. There are two courtyards with front shops and back beds side by side, namely pawnshop and salt shop, which is a major feature of commercial houses. The two courtyards are connected by a roadway, which is the starting point of the west axis of No.24 Courtyard. Therefore, building a door facing the street not only ensures the privacy of the courtyard, but also increases the interest and relative integrity of the courtyard space. Walking north along the driveway, you enter another characteristic space "Tang" courtyard of the merchant's house. Hall and courtyard is a multi-directional space with strong internal and external mobility. To the north of the hall is a small garden, which is also the dividing point of the inner and outer space, and then enters the back room northward. From Yandian Courtyard to the east, the courtyard above Brokeback Mountain constitutes the east axis of No.24 Courtyard, and there are four spatial nodes on the east axis, namely Sanjie Building, Intermediate People's Court, East Courtyard and Jinliang Niupeng Courtyard in the northeast corner. Compared with the west axis, the function of the east axis is relatively simple, and most of them are houses that do not undertake the function of external communication. Climb the broken ridge eastward along the path in front of Gongyuan, and the first thing you see is Sanjie Building. This is a three-story gatehouse building, a cave and a two-story building. It is also the commanding height of the Shenyang compound, which plays a role in protecting family members and hospitals. On the west side of the three-story building, there is a path leading to the back room, and on the east side are two groups of parallel courtyards. The central line courtyard starts from the lower house of the south atrium and consists of caves dug directly from the side of the platform, with low terrain. There is an introduction passage in the middle of the cave in the main room of the lower house of the atrium, connecting the middle court behind it. The Intermediate People's Court is also the tallest single building in the existing courtyard. Behind the Intermediate People's Court is the backyard of the atrium, which has been destroyed, leaving only the base address visible. The East Courtyard, which is juxtaposed with the atrium courtyard, is the lower house of the East Courtyard, the East Courtyard and the East Courtyard. The spatial layout of the two houses is basically the same, and the size of each courtyard in the East Courtyard is larger than that in the atrium. The gate of the lower house of the East Courtyard faces the Cross Street, and the East Courtyard is built on the terrace flush with the lower house of the atrium. Each yard on the platform is equipped with a side door to facilitate mutual communication. There are two cowshed yards in the north of Dongting Group Hospital, which is the place where Shenyang handyman raises livestock. The whole east axis connects three functional modules: defense, residence and assistance. The requirement of diversification makes the functional nature of space diversified. However, under the premise of many spatial characteristics, the Shen Family Courtyard solved multiple contradictions through simple and orderly combination, which fully reflected the unique understanding of the space treatment methods of the merchant courtyard at the beginning of planning and design, and was also an excellent example of the cultural spatial characteristics of Shanxi merchants.