Traditional Culture Encyclopedia - Traditional customs - What are the differences and similarities in the etiquette of each country?
What are the differences and similarities in the etiquette of each country?
Malaysia
Malaysia's different ethnic groups use different meeting etiquette. The Malay custom is to give a slight nod of the head as a sign of respect. The Malay tradition of meeting is the so-called "hand touching ceremony". Its specific practice is: when meeting with others, one party will be the first to reach out to the other party, the other party will extend their own hands, gently touch the other party to reach out to the hands, and then their own hands back to the chest, slightly raised, while the body bends forward in the form of a bow.
Malaysian Chinese and Indians meet with outsiders, most of them shake hands as a courtesy.
Malays usually only have their own first name, not a fixed last name, the son to his father's name, the father's name and grandfather's name.
Malaysia's national flower is the fuchsia, which is called "Bangaraya" in Malaysia.
Malaysia's national religion is Islam, and the country's diet prohibits alcohol and favors coconut water, black tea, coffee, and so on. Muslims in Malaysia do not eat pork, self-death and blood. Do not use all pig products. Usually eat rice, like to eat beef, very much like to eat beef curry rice, and love to eat with its national flavor "satay" kebabs.
Malaysian Indians do not eat beef, but can eat lamb, pork and poultry.
The Malays are generally very hospitable, they believe that: guests in the master's home if you do not eat or drink, equal to the master of disrespect. Usually eat with the right hand to grab food, the left hand is regarded as "unclean hand", forbidden to take food or drink. Only in the very formal feast, Malaysians to knife and fork to eat
Mongolian
Mongolians are extremely hospitable, and sometimes shake hands with others as a gift. However, they prefer to use ethnic greetings: one of them is to invite peace. Men bend their right knee and their right arm naturally; women bend their knees. The second is the bowing salute. First, the hands are raised above the head, then the right hand is placed over the chest, while bowing to show respect. The third is the kissing ceremony. That is to embrace and kiss the object of the salute.
Mongolians welcome guests usually hold a welcoming ceremony: one of the ceremony is to offer the khata; ceremony two, is to honor the milk tea; ceremony three, is to inhale snuff.
In Mongolian folklore, the greetings used when meeting with others often begin with asking whether "the animals are safe".
Mongolians staple food is mainly meat and dairy products. Fish, shrimp, crab, seafood, and the so-called "three birds" offal are forbidden.
Mongolians usually eat a lot. Traditional dishes include "hand-held meat", "roasted sheep", "stone barbecue meat", "sheep back" and so on. When eating meat, Mongolians usually tear it with their hands or cut it with a knife. When you eat the famous "hand grabbed rice", you have to grab it directly with your hands.
The main drinks of Mongolians are horse milk wine and milk tea. Mongolians can drink a lot of wine. They often sing and dance as they toast to their honored guests.
Japan
The Japanese usually bow as a courtesy. There are special rules regarding the amount of bowing, the length of bowing, and the number of bows. When bowing, you are not allowed to hold anything in your hand, and you are not allowed to wear a hat on your head. Japan sometimes also shakes hands while bowing. Japanese women in general, and rural women in particular, just bow.
In Japanese rural folklore, there is often a kneeling or clog-shaking ceremony to see off friends and relatives. Women perform the kneeling ceremony, in which they bend their knees, and men perform the clog-shaking ceremony, in which they shake their clogs in the air.
It is common for Japanese people to exchange business cards when meeting someone for the first time, otherwise it is interpreted as a sign that they do not want to socialize with the other person.
In social situations, the Japanese believe in the principle of "not causing trouble to others". For this reason, it is taboo to talk or laugh loudly. However, in front of outsiders, most of them have to smile. The Japanese consider this to be polite.
Japanese food is generally called wagashi or Japanese cuisine, and can be summarized as "five flavors," "five colors," and "five methods. "The five flavors are: spring bitter, summer sour, autumn nourishing, winter sweet, astringent. The "five colors" are: green spring, Zhu summer, white autumn, Xuan winter, and then the extensive use of yellow. The so-called "five methods" refers to five cooking methods: steaming, broiling, boiling, deep-frying, and eating raw.
The Japanese dietary taboos are: no fat pork and pig offal, there are some people do not like to eat lamb and duck. The Japanese are very fond of alcohol, and people generally like to drink tea. The first is to avoid inserting chopsticks, i.e., you are not allowed to insert chopsticks into the rice or use them as forks to pick up the rice; the second is to avoid pulling out chopsticks, i.e., you are not allowed to use chopsticks to pick up the rice; the seventh is to avoid straddling chopsticks, i.e., you are not allowed to put chopsticks on top of bowls and plates; and the eighth is to avoid using other chopsticks, i.e., you are not allowed to use chopsticks as toothpicks.
Sri Lanka
Sri Lankans like to socialize and are happy to help, friendly and humble. Most people believe in Buddhism, and when they meet or say goodbye, they usually put their hands together to show respect, welcome or farewell. When receiving guests, they often wear garlands of flowers.
Sri Lanka is influenced by British culture and retains a number of British customs, such as politeness and the custom of offering tea to guests before talks or meetings.
In the countryside, the concept of hierarchy is still very strong,
Sri Lankans are very fond of flowers, especially orchids and other colorful flowers. Sri Lankans like big red, white, brown, yellow, sky blue, grass green and black, and also like colors and patterns that have religious and ancient mythological overtones. In Sri Lanka, the crow is regarded as a sacred bird and a good-luck charm, and is therefore revered and worshipped by the people.
Sri Lankans eat three meals a day, a long time apart, breakfast at 6:30 left left, lunch at 1 o'clock later, dinner at 9 o'clock later. Rice is the staple food of Sri Lankans, who love to eat spicy dishes.
Sri Lanka, many habits similar to India, like to eat chicken, dishes more curry, chili, coconut oil, taste spicy and strong, like to use breadfruit, banana flowers, eggplant and other materials cooked into a small dish of curry with rice.
Folk are generally accustomed to eat with their hands, rice is usually served on a plate or banana leaf, plus a variety of small dishes, and then poured a kind of soybean juice or coconut soup, with a hand pinch and mix well into the mouth. A bowl of fresh water and a cup of cold water (often raw in rural areas) are usually served to each person at the table. The water is used to wash hands before and after meals, and the cold water is drunk while eating.
But knives and forks are used in upper class and diplomatic settings.
Sri Lanka is today the world's third largest tea producer is also the most famous black tea processing country. Sri Lanka does not have the British habit of adding milk to tea.
Thailand
Thailanders use the most common courtesy to meet and socialize with each other, is with a strong Buddhist color of the Hap Sang salute, and at the same time to greet each other, "Hello!" Under normal circumstances, it is not necessary to shake hands after performing the Hapa salute. When performing the Hap Sutra, the junior should bow to the senior first; the person of low status should bow to the person of high status first. The other party should then return the salute, otherwise it is rude.
Thailanders are accustomed to addressing each other by the internationally popular terms of address such as "Miss" and "Mr.". When addressing each other, they address each other directly by their first name in order to show friendliness and closeness. When dealing with outsiders, the Thai people are quite cultured, always pay attention to "warm, good, respectful, frugal, let", and always like to smile, whispering.
Thailanders do not drink hot tea prefer frozen tea. When drinking fruit juice, they add a little salt to it.
Thailanders do not like too salty, too sweet or roasted, like spicy, fresh and tender. They love to add hot sauce, fish sauce or monosodium glutamate (MSG) to their dishes. When eating, they tend to sit on their knees around a low round table and grab their food with their right hand.
Singapore
Singaporeans tend to shake hands with others in social situations. Due to cultural diversity, etiquette and customs in Singapore are also diverse: Chinese are accustomed to arching their hands in greeting or bowing; while Malays adopt the "touching hand salute". Singaporeans place special emphasis on welcoming guests with a smiling face and being courteous.
The Singaporean government emphasizes that "if you don't learn manners, you can't stand", and has specially compiled a "Manual of Manners".
Singapore's food habits are often influenced by Guangdong, Fujian, Hainan and Shanghai. Taste like light, sweet; while the Malays avoid eating pork, dog meat, since the death of things and animal blood, do not eat shellfish, do not drink alcohol; Indians absolutely do not eat beef. At mealtime, whether Malays or Indians do not use knives and forks, chopsticks, and accustomed to use the right hand to grab food directly, avoid using the left hand to take food.
Most Chinese in Singapore like to drink tea.
India
India's social etiquette is very varied, including the "Hapa" salute, the "Hug" salute, the "Face" salute, the "Foot" salute, the "Hand" salute, and so on. Also popular handshake. Indian people to meet the guest of honor often to each other with flowers woven into the garland. Indians used to be extremely concerned about rank, status and identity. India's unique caste system is divided into four levels: first, "Brahmins", that is, monks; second, "Kshatriya", that is, the famous family, the aristocracy; third, "Vaishya", that is, commoners; fourth, "Vaishya", that is, "commoners". The third is the Vaishya, the common people; the fourth is the Shudra, the untouchables. In addition, there is the "untouchable untouchable" called "Harijan". The traditional caste system has been widely criticized, but its influence remains.
The staple food of the Indian people is rice and pasta, cooked in three ways: stir-fried, boiled and braised, with a variety of spices, especially spicy spices. India's vegetarian especially, and the higher the social status of the more people avoid non-vegetarian food. According to religious rules, Hindus and Sikhs do not eat beef, Islamists do not eat pork, Jains avoid both killing and meat.
Indians are used to grasping food with their right hand at meals.
- Previous article:Classification of domestic traditional Chinese medicine pulverizer
- Next article:What are the contents of general management training?
- Related articles
- What are the differences between the historical development paths of Chinese and western jurisprudence?
- 8.3 Men's Day
- Jiangsu xiuqiang glass technology co., ltd.
- Five inspirational speeches on May 4th Youth Day in 2022 _ Youth's responsibility and responsibility as a demonstration speech
- What is Yiliang's travel strategy?
- How to download opera accompaniment from Youku
- English Festival Information Arbor Day and Qingming Day to be Translated
- What are the models for efficient computing in student-based classrooms under the information technology environment?
- Research on the Innovation of Degang Guo Traditional Culture
- Palm comprehensive ideological and moral character A 1 how to do it?