Traditional culture in Rugao folk customs

On New Year's Eve, Rugao people call New Year's Eve "Thirty Nights", and the main activities are "cooking old rice, putting up Spring Festival couplets, hanging ancestors' statues, worshipping ancestors, eating New Year's Eve and keeping old age".

There are also activities such as closing fields and lighting lamps in rural areas.

Cook old rice at noon on New Year's Eve.

Put the cooked glutinous rice into a porcelain basin or a big bowl, insert sesame stems, cypress branches and holly branches, decorate with money (yellow paper), ginkgo, dates and chestnuts, and put them on the big vase mouth or big plate of the holy cabinet until they are broken for five days.

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Ten nights to paste Spring Festival couplets, including wedding invitations, paper-cuts, door gods, New Year pictures and so on.

In the city, those who sell these things are called "selling red goods" and in the countryside they are called "swinging doors".

The Spring Festival couplets that residents like to post are "rich in things and outstanding in people", which is outstanding.

Last name is Spring Festival couplets.

For example, Wang Xing posted "Three Shi Huaize, Two Jin Family Voices"; Xu surnamed "Zhou Nan Shize, Donghai Jiasheng"; Wu surname "the first rule is harmony, and the third is virtue"; Zhou surnamed "Ailian Shize, Liu Xi Jiasheng"; Zhang surnamed "Nine lives in the world,

The voice of forbearance "; Chen surnamed "Yingzhou Shize, Taiwei Jiasheng"; With the surname "the roster is the world, and there are thousands of books"; Hu's surname is "Xiangze, a philosopher" and so on.

The Spring Festival couplets that villagers like to post are "Happy Birthday, Happy Time, Happy World".

"Happiness is like the East China Sea and longevity is like the South Mountain" and so on.

I also like to put "Man Cang full of gold and silver" on the rice cabinet.

"The five grains are rich in gold, and so on.

No matter in urban or rural areas, there are many couplets posted on the kitchen doors, such as "one person skillfully cooks food for thousands of people, and five flavors are mixed" or "Snow water makes tea taste like the sky, and osmanthus cooks wine like the moon".

Shop tieqian branch

Spring Festival couplets on the 9th.

Rugao rural custom, if there is a funeral, green Spring Festival couplets should be posted in the first year and yellow ones in the second year.

Couplets are generally "keep my ceremony in front of the hall for three years, making it very spring outside" and "spring scenery on earth, plain wind in front of my house" You can post red Spring Festival couplets in the third year.

Farmers like to put Qin and Weichi Gong, two door gods, on the door of a main room, and put New Year pictures, such as Kirin presents, on the door.

No matter how poor people are, they would rather not buy fish in the New Year than buy incense and worship God in the New Year.

On New Year's Eve, ancestor worship is at noon and god worship is at night.

The offerings of worshipping God and ancestors are different from those of worshipping Buddha. God and ancestors provide meat dishes, while Buddha and Bodhisattva provide vegetarian dishes and fruits.

If you mess around, you will be laughed at for not knowing the rules.

Rugao's two-part allegorical saying, "He Si Ma Dad respects the Bodhisattva-a vegetarian meal" comes from this.

On New Year's Eve, the family had a reunion dinner, and all the chickens, ducks and fish were eaten.

There must be silver carp in the meat dish, which means "more than one year" and pork intestines, which will last for a long time; Vegetarian dishes are called "Chang Geng dishes", bean sprouts are called "ruyi dishes", and tofu is eaten to pray for "wealth for generations" ...

Drink sorghum on New Year's Eve, and Chen Yuan's wine will stay old. Let the children drink first, so that they can drink the most.

"If you are young, you will get a glass of wine first; Old people lose their age, so wine comes after them.

"The whole family dined in a happy and peaceful atmosphere.

But the chain fish on the table can only be seen, not eaten, and should be left until the light is on, because it will be "more than a year".

Mongolian and Manchu people who settled in Rugao still eat flat food for 30 nights during the Spring Festival according to national traditional customs.

Han people in the north also eat flat food.

Close the field and light the lamp.

Farmers' families should seal their furniture after dinner, that is, stick money paper (made of yellow paper 1.5 inch square) or print the small words "Hehe Erxian" on the furniture; To seal the ridge of the field is to hang yellow paper money and Hehe Erxian paper on sesame stalks and then insert them on the eaves. This is called eaves sealing.

Insert the ridge into the field, which is called closing the field, in order to pray for keeping the ridge of the family business forever.

For thirty nights, we should fill all kinds of containers at home with things.

The water in the water tank should be full; Grinding eyes should contain food; The porcelain jar should be filled with peanuts or broad beans, tea, fried rice, etc. To show fullness.

Do all this well, and then use cement to hit the ingot, from the indoor and outdoor patio to the head and corner of the field.

After the Qing soldiers entered the customs, Manchu people settled in Rugao, bringing their custom of lighting lanterns for the New Year, which was loved by Rugao people and followed suit.

A string of sky lanterns hanging on that pillar flickered, adding light and color to the empty and silent rural night sky and rendering the rich atmosphere of the New Year.

Connect the stove.

Rugao custom "women don't sacrifice stoves, men don't Yue Bai", and picking up stoves on New Year's Eve is operated by men.

They put up a new portrait of "Please" Kitchen God in the niche, and put up couplets on both sides, saying "Say a good word in the upper bound and keep peace in the lower bound", which read "Siming House".

Then light the incense sticks.

Bow your head a little, and it's over

stay up late or all night on New Year's Eve

Stay up for 30 nights. As the saying goes, "I stay up too long, and my mother stays up too long." Adults and children stay up all night.

The elders give their children new year's plates, which contain tea, candy and red paper bags full of coins, called lucky money.

There is a nursery rhyme: "Every family is old, and their children leave before the court.

The red rope is tied with a double knot, a string of green money and lucky money.

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On the morning of the first day of the first month of the New Year, the family puts on new clothes, and the younger generation pays a New Year call to the elders, and the peers also wish each other well.

Eat rice cakes in the morning, jiaozi, and cook black dates, which means rising year by year, having a baby early, and being round and round.

Then, firecrackers were set off three times, which means that they were promoted to the third level.

On the morning of the first day of the first month, Rugao people don't open toilets, sweep the floor, move knives and scissors, and take out garbage.

When I first started working, I was "busy for a whole year"; If you sweep the floor, you will become poorer and poorer.

On New Year's Day, all words and deeds should be "auspicious".

To catch melon seeds, say "melon is full of meat"; Grasping sugar should be called "sweet"; Catch the date by shouting "get rich early", or "marry the bride early" or "have children early"

Everyone goes to bed early at night, which is called "closing the financial door".

From the second day of junior high school, neighbors, relatives and friends pay New Year greetings to each other, and the host family warmly receives them and gives them red paper packages, which is called "opening the door to wealth".

New cooking started in the second day of junior high school, which is called "Kaisheng".

From the third day, relatives, friends, teachers, students and colleagues treat each other, which is called "handing wine". In rural areas, it is called "inviting wine" or "paying wine in New Year". Usually about half a month.

The fifth day is the "birthday of the five-way god of wealth", so you should respect God and open a shop.