What are the working principle and main parameters of the base station antenna?

1, the working principle of the base station antenna:

The main function of base station antenna is to provide wireless coverage, that is, to realize wireless signal transmission between wired communication network and wireless terminal.

1. The control signaling, voice call or data service information on the core network side is sent to the base station through the transmission network (in 2G and 3G networks, the signal is sent to the base station controller first and then to the base station).

2. The signal is processed by baseband and RF at the base station, and then sent to the antenna through RF feeder for transmission.

3. The terminal receives the radio wave transmitted by the antenna through the wireless channel, and then demodulates its own signal.

2. The main parameters of the base station antenna are:

Electrical parameters, frequency range, polarization mode, lobe width, mechanically adjustable tilt angle, voltage standing wave ratio.

Extension of knowledge points:

Depending on the connected antenna, each base station can contain one or more sectors. The coverage of base station sectors can reach hundreds to dozens of kilometers. However, in areas with dense users, coverage is usually controlled to avoid interfering with neighboring base stations.

The baseband and RF processing capability of the base station antenna determines that the physical structure of the base station consists of baseband module and RF module. Baseband module mainly completes baseband modulation and demodulation, radio resource allocation, call processing, power control and soft handover. The RF module mainly completes the conversion between the air RF channel and the baseband digital channel, as well as the amplification, transceiver and other functions of the RF channel.