What are the types of ancient buildings in China?

Ancient buildings in China can be divided into the following seven categories according to their functions:

(1) residential buildings. There are a large number of bungalows on the east and west sides of the central axis in the old city of Beijing, where the most typical quadrangles are concentrated. The representative type of palace-style residence is quadrangle. The early Zhou architectural site in Feng Chu Village, Qishan County, Shaanxi Province is the earliest known courtyard-style building.

② Urban public buildings. It mainly includes city walls, towers and gates, as well as bell tower and drum tower.

③ Palace architecture. Palace refers to the place where the emperor holds ceremonies, handles government affairs and lives. The palace building concentrated the domestic financial and material resources at that time and was built at the highest technical level.

(4) Ritual system and shrine architecture. Buildings where people hold sacrifices and commemorative activities are called ritual buildings, which are required by the "ritual system" and included in the official ritual code; All folk, mainly people's sacrificial objects, are called shrine buildings. Rituals and memorial buildings can be roughly divided into four categories: altars and temples offering sacrifices to heaven and earth, the sun, the moon and the stars, and famous mountains and rivers; From kings to scholars, temples and shrines dedicated to ancestors or religious ancestors; Tang Ming and Biyong held special political, religious and cultural ceremonies, music and publicity; Celebrity temples and shrines respected by the ruling class and commemorated by the people.

⑤ Mausoleum building. This is a building dedicated to burying and offering sacrifices to the dead. Qin Shihuang Mausoleum in Lintong County, Shaanxi Province is the first mausoleum in China. The Ming Tombs in Changping, Beijing are a group of tombs with complete planning and great spirit.

⑥ Buddhist architecture. It is a place where believers worship Buddha statues and bones, conduct Buddhist activities and live. There are three kinds: temples, towers and grottoes.

⑦ Gardens and garden buildings. Traditional gardens in China are a material environment that combines man-made and nature, and has feasible, promising, tourable and habitable functions. Its main elements are mountains, water, flowers, trees and buildings. Among them, the most representative gardens are Suzhou Netscape Garden, Humble Administrator's Garden, Lingering Garden, Yangzhou Geyuan, Wuxi Airport Garden, Beijing Summer Palace, Yuanmingyuan and chengde mountain resort.

In addition to the above seven categories, the functional types of traditional buildings in China also include military buildings, commercial buildings, bridges and other public transport facilities, square tables and other architectural sketches.