Why is Peking Opera the quintessence of China?

Peking Opera embodies the essence of China traditional culture.

China's traditional opera culture has a long history, from music and dance in the Han Dynasty two thousand years ago, to Liyuan Opera in the Tang Dynasty, to Nanxi Opera in the Song Dynasty and Kunqu Opera in the Ming and Qing Dynasties, all of which provided sufficient nutrients for the formation of Peking Opera. The formation of Peking Opera is also the process of its introduction into China traditional culture.

19 19- 1935 Mei Lanfang's overseas Peking Opera performance eliminated the prejudice of the West against China's dramas and even China people at that time, promoted the overseas spread of Chinese Peking Opera and promoted the cultural exchange between the East and the West. Chinese Peking Opera, a wonderful oriental art, shines brilliantly on the world drama stage. After the founding of New China, the foreign exchange of Peking Opera was mainly organized by the Ministry of Culture and the Ministry of Foreign Affairs, and Peking Opera became the cultural ambassador of the country.

China sent Beijing Opera Troupe to visit and perform all over the world, among which Mei Lanfang visited the Soviet Union three times on 1952, 1957, 1960 and 1956 visited Japan for the third time, which won great honor for China's traditional culture overseas.

His superb performance not only made the world sit up and take notice of China's "national quintessence" Peking Opera, but also had a far-reaching impact on Japanese, European and American drama and film art. Drama masters stanislavski and Brecht absorbed the essence of Mei Lanfang's performing arts in their creations.

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Classification of roles in Beijing Opera

The role of Peking Opera is also known as business, which is divided into five major businesses: life, Dan, purity, ugliness and * * *. According to the gender, personality, age, occupation and social status of the role played, make some artistic exaggeration in makeup and clothing and divide the roles on the stage.

1. Sheng: The general term for male positive roles except for the painted face and clown, which can be divided into old pedants (including An Gonglao, a singer, a loser, a fighter, a fighter), Wu Sheng (a martial artist, playing martial arts short plays and being a monkey) and Xiao Sheng (an opera fan, a pheasant, a poor student and a martial artist).

2. Dan: The general term for women's positive roles, including Tsing Yi (the role of a good wife and a good mother), Hua Dan (a lively woman with some tragedies and villains), Wu Dan (a woman who is good at fighting martial arts) and Lao Dan (mostly middle-aged and elderly women who sing with this voice).

3, net: commonly known as the painted face, most of them play some male roles with special personality, quality or appearance, using a makeup mask with loud timbre and rough style. The network cable is divided into: copper hammer flower face and black head flower face, mainly singing; The faces painted on the bookshelves, such as the faces of generals, monks, outlaws, Wu Hualian, and slamming paintings, etc.

4. At the end: Most men over middle age are bearded. Divided into old students, late students and outsiders. Because the ending is very close to the declining old students, and some actors who are good at playing the old students also play the ending drama, and some actors who play the ending drama also play the life drama, the boundary between the two is broken and finally merged into the life drama. The last line and the first line are different in expression and makeup methods. Intuitively, the biggest difference is that the first line is wearing "three", and the rest are the last line.

5, ugly: play a comedy role, because put a small piece of white powder on the bridge of the nose, commonly known as Xiaohua face. Wen Chou and Wu Chou. Wen Chou is divided into square towel ugliness (literati, Confucian scholars); Wu Chou is good at wrestling, hitting, turning and jumping. According to the zodiac, ugliness belongs to cattle, which is stupid, and ugliness is synonymous with stupidity. The ugliness of martial arts on the stage is also called jumping, but it can say and jump, playing a lively and clever role, which is completely different from the ugliness of cattle people.

Baidu Encyclopedia-Peking Opera