How to learn music? How to learn music?

First, the conditions for learning vocal music

To learn vocal music well, we must have certain conditions, that is, good musical quality, mastering the corresponding basic knowledge and skills of music, and good voice conditions.

1, music quality

Music quality is people's keen sense of hearing, distinct sense of rhythm and good sense of music, which is what we often call intonation, rhythm and sense of music. A person's music quality has innate factors and acquired cultivation, and acquired factors are the main ones. People with a keen sense of pitch, rhythm and music have the quality conditions to learn music.

2. Basic knowledge and skills of music

People with musical quality must learn the basic skills and knowledge of music if they want to learn music further. The basic music skills include solfeggio, music theory knowledge and keyboard instrument foundation.

Solfeggio is the basis of learning music. In order to accurately distinguish and solfeggio scales, intervals, rhythms and melodies, we must learn solfeggio.

Music theory is also the basis of learning music. Only by learning the corresponding knowledge of music theory can we sing accurately and well.

Fundamentals of keyboard instruments: The study of keyboard instruments and the knowledge of music theory complement each other, and only with a certain keyboard foundation can listening training and solfeggio practice be carried out. Vocal music practice is inseparable from keyboard instruments.

3. Sound conditions:

It is generally believed that learning to sing must be born with a good voice, which is both correct and one-sided. A natural and beautiful voice is a favorable condition for learning to sing, but a good voice does not necessarily lead to a good vocal music. Many successful singers do not show a natural and beautiful voice before training.

The physiological conditions of singing and speaking are exactly the same, but if singing is carried out completely in the state of speaking, the artistic characteristics of singing will not be reflected. Because pronunciation is a subconscious "natural" pronunciation, and singing is a conscious "unnatural" pronunciation, using scientific vocal methods to consciously exercise the vocal organs can achieve a conscious and freely controlled singing state. Therefore, anyone who can talk can learn to sing as long as he has a certain musical literacy.

Second, how to learn vocal music

Learning should include two aspects: learning singing skills and learning the basic theoretical knowledge of vocal music.

1, learn the basic theory of vocal music

To have a certain singing ability, we must first understand the physiological mechanism of vocalization, such as understanding the structure of singing organs, simple vocalization principle, the principle of * * * singing, the division of * * singing, the relationship between the use of * * singing and harmony area, and the use of * * singing.

In addition, in the training of singing skills, we must master the breathing method, the use of breathing, the fulcrum of breathing and the common breathing practice methods. Learn to understand the essence of voice, the division of voice parts, the characteristics of bel canto, nationality and popular singing and the health care of voice.

Learning to understand the theoretical basis of vocal music can make you not blind and have a clear goal when practicing. In addition, watch other people's vocal music works, videos, TV, recordings, etc. It will bring great inspiration to yourself, be of great benefit to singing practice, and make you take fewer detours.

2. Learn from the vocal music teacher.

Singing is a highly technical and practical subject, and it is very difficult to learn and train singing voice only by vocal music theory and teaching written materials. Because it is difficult for words to accurately express the connotation of singing skills, and the differences in personal physiological conditions, understanding and comprehension ability increase the difficulty of learning written materials. Practice vocalization and singing according to the method mentioned in the book. Practitioners can't judge the accuracy of the method and whether the sound effect is correct. This kind of practice is not only ineffective, but also easy to lead to wrong singing pronunciation. Therefore, when learning to sing, especially in the beginner's stage, you must find an experienced vocal music teacher to guide you, practice according to the teacher's method, and tell the teacher your experience, difficulties, gains and feelings in practice truthfully, so that the teacher can teach students the practice methods with high accuracy and quick results according to your personal characteristics. When studying, you should pay attention to using your brain more than your voice.

Third, the content of singing training

Vocal music training has a complete, scientific and systematic training method. It includes:

1, breathing training

Singing breath is the driving force of vocalization and the basis of singing. Without a good breathing method to control and use breath, there can be no beautiful singing. All sound performance skills are closely related to breathing. Clark pointed out in "On Breathing" that for a singer, the first thing to learn is to breathe correctly. Plymouth thought in his Physiology of Throat that breathing is the vitality of sound. China's traditional vocal music works say: "Those who are angry are also teachers of sound." Weak qi leads to low sound, turbid qi leads to stagnant sound, and scattered qi leads to exhausted sound. "It also shows that singers at home and abroad attach great importance to the important role of breathing in singing.

To learn to breathe, we must first understand the method of breathing. There are three ways to breathe:

(1) Breathe on the upper chest. This kind of breathing is a way to control breathing with the upper chest. Its inspiratory volume is small and shallow, only reaching the upper part of the lungs, which is easy to cause tension in the muscles around the throat and neck and make a tight, dry and inelastic straight sound. This phenomenon is common among beginners, especially amateur singers. This is a bad breathing method and needs to be corrected.

(2) Abdominal breathing. This kind of breathing is a breathing method that relies on the expansion of soft ribs and the expansion and contraction of the lower abdomen. It is deeper than the upper chest inhalation, but it also has its limitations. Because of the deep inhalation, the breath is often not smooth, which affects the vocal parts, and the timbre in the middle and low voice areas is dim, and the voice is inelastic and low.

(3) Thoracoabdominal combined breathing. This kind of breathing is a breathing method that uses the chest, diaphragm, ribs and abdominal muscles to control breathing. This breathing method is a scientific and physiological breathing method recognized and widely adopted by modern Chinese and foreign vocal music circles. This breathing method has many advantages. Strong breath control ability, even and moderate exhalation, more breath can be stored, breathing fulcrum is obvious, range is expanded, and high, middle and low tones are coordinated.

It is not enough to know the breathing method, but it takes long-term unremitting practice to achieve the freedom of singing. There are two common practice methods now.

Breathe fast, breathe slowly: this breathing method is the most commonly used when singing. You should practice often. The specific method is: inhale quickly, pause slightly, and exhale slowly. You can understand it this way: imagine that a long-lost friend suddenly appeared in front of you, and you gasped in surprise, almost crying and stopped in this state. After a few seconds, it seems that there is an external force pushing back the lower abdomen, and I feel that the lower abdomen slowly exhales in the confrontation with this external force. At this time, the diaphragm has played a strong supporting role.

Breathe slowly breathe slowly: breathe in slowly in the air, pause for a while and then exhale slowly. It can be understood that when you receive a bouquet of flowers you like, you are happy to smell the fragrance of the flowers. At this time, you will find that your chest naturally bulges forward and upward, not artificially, while the rib muscles, including the waist, expand around at the same time, keep this state, and only relax and exhale the muscles below the abdominal diaphragm. When you breathe, you want to blow out the candle and blow down the burning candle, but not blow it out. In this way, keep the candle burning for a long time and then take a breath. To achieve this requirement, inhalation must be as natural, calm and soft as smelling flowers. When exhaling, you must be even and temperate. Similarly, if you want to practice slow breathing and fast breathing, you should breathe slowly first and then blow out the candles immediately.

2. Vocal music practice

Vocal music practice is the most basic and simple practice to train vocal music skills. In fact, it is to practice the most basic and simple motivation or phrase that constitutes the melody of a song with simple vowels or syllables, and to move up and down a semitone within a proper range to practice singing repeatedly. There are many ways and steps to practice vocal music, and there are many factions. However, no matter what methods and steps are adopted, the following objectives are achieved:

(1) Consciously use breath to make sounds, and gradually control breathing through the diaphragm.

(2) form the correct position of the larynx, liberate the larynx, stabilize the larynx, make the vocal cord movement closely cooperate with breathing, and make appropriate adjustments to make it have ideal sound effects when singing notes with different strengths, such as high, medium, low and strong.

(3) Training the method of adjusting the vocal cavity, and appropriately expanding the vocal organs with adjustable shapes-pharyngeal cavity, oral cavity and laryngeal cavity. The head cavity and chest cavity whose shapes cannot be adjusted can increase the volume and beautify the timbre through the adjustment and application of the cavity.

(4) Breathing, larynx (vocal cords) and vocal organs work closely together to coordinate vocalization, so as to achieve the unity of vocal areas, full of strength and timbre changes.

In addition, you should choose the right vowels when practicing your voice. At the beginning of vocal music practice, not everyone can sing well in the six vowels of a e i o u u with the help of the teacher, so practice should start with the vowels with the most natural and beautiful pronunciation. This makes it easier to adjust the focus of vowels and coordinate the role of sound waves in the buzzer. After practicing the most convenient and natural vowel, gradually adjust and drive other vowels, and the progress of vocal practice will be much faster.

Vocal music practice was originally based on natural sound area, and gradually widened to the range of midrange. On the basis of practicing alto, we should further expand the range to achieve the sound characteristics and range that the voice should have.

3. Singing language

Singing language is an important part of vocal music training.

Singing is a musical expression that combines musicalized voice with language, which can directly reveal the literary content and ideological content of songs, highlight the style of works and directly show the image and artistic conception of songs.

The general requirements of singing language are: accurate and dexterous initials, good vowel form, natural and timely rhyme, and remembering Yin and Yang. We must be clear about priorities and handle the tone and situation.

The prefix must be bitten correctly, but not to death. When the prefix is bitten, it should naturally transition to the stomach in time. After pronouncing words, stop the sound and rhyme in time, and pay attention to the connection of the three, so as to make the transition natural and smooth and become a whole. In addition, pinyin should be sung accurately, such as "L" and "N", "flat tongue" and "upturned tongue", "F" and "H", "front nasal rhyme" and "back nasal rhyme" should be distinguished and the tone should be accurate.

Singing language must be closely combined with singing breathing, vocalization and singing. Singing language must be coordinated with flexible breathing and smooth voice in order to receive vivid and touching results.

Fourthly, studying hard, practicing hard and using more brains are the keys to learning vocal music well.

When learning vocal music, you should study, think, experience and take notes when the teacher gives you a face-to-face lecture. Vocal learning notes are a mirror reflecting the process of vocal learning. Vocal music practice, song teaching materials, teachers' requirements, practice effects, main problems, and correction methods adopted in each stage should be recorded. After returning to China, we should practice according to the teacher's requirements every day, which is the key to learning vocal music well. Success does not favor slackers, and those who only practice face-to-face instruction will not make progress.