Lower limb prosthesis can be divided into several categories?

The purpose of using a prosthesis: in order to maintain the two lower limbs isometric, support weight and walking lower limb prosthesis is by the residual limb acceptance cavity bionic prosthetic foot and artificial joint connecting parts of the lower limb prosthesis of the pair of devices and suspension devices constitute a lot of types of prostheses from the use of the purpose and amputation site, can be categorized as follows:1 from the use of the purpose of the classification (1) training prostheses: also known as simple prosthesis treatment prostheses or suspension type Prosthesis (pylonprosthesis) this type of stump training and prosthetic training for the purpose of assembling a formal prosthesis before, as a temporary prosthesis (Figure 12-1-13) pylon type prosthesis is the earliest one kind of prosthesis, by the acceptance of the stump to accommodate the receiving cavity and keep the length of the limb with the composition of the wooden rod, so it is also known as the rod leg is still in the early treatment and training commonly used to use the stump acceptance chamber or The use of shoulder straps belt and other fixed

Figure 12-1-13pylon type prosthesis a calf pylon type; b thigh pylon type; c hip disarticulation pylon type

(2) commonly used prosthesis: this type of universal use of a kind of, as a decorative and work both (details will be introduced from the amputation site classification later) 2 from the structure of the classification (1) external Skeleton type: the surface of the prosthesis is equivalent to the part of the shell, with a support structure, also known as the "shell type" (shelltype) prosthesis traditional prosthesis belongs to this type (Figure 12-1-14)

Figure 12-1-14 traditional thigh prosthesis a aluminum thigh prosthesis; b epithelial subaluminum thigh prosthesis

(2) internal skeleton type )

Figure 12-1-15 Skeletal thigh prosthesis

3 Classification from the plane of amputation(1)Hip prosthesis:Generally used in the hip disarticulation and hemipelvic resection in the past commonly used mortar and pestle and rotary, at present, commonly used in the Canadian hip prosthesis (canadiantype hipdismember). canadiantype hipdisarticulationprosthesis) (Figure 12-1-16) hip prosthesis basic structure: acceptance cavity (socket) hip hinge blocking pad (bumper) elastic band thigh knee hinge calf and foot

Figure 12-1-16 canadian hip prosthesis

(2) thigh prosthesis. According to the length of the residual end of the thigh after amputation, is divided into long and short type (Figure 12-1-17) basic structure: acceptance cavity thigh knee hinge calf and foot

Figure 12-1-17 thigh prosthesis

(3) calf prosthesis: according to the length of the residual end of the lower leg after amputation, calf prosthesis can be divided into short residual end and the standard residual end of the standard residual end of the standard residual end of the standard residual end of the prosthesis by the acceptance of the cavity and connected to the calf foot;; short residual end prosthesis in addition to the above, the short residual end of the leg after amputation. The short stump prosthesis has a thigh holster and a knee hinge in addition to the above (Figs. 12-1-18, 12-1-19, 12-1-20) Receiving chamber: the receiving chamber, which is assembled in the lower leg and supports the body weight, can be divided into the following types according to its structure

Fig. 12-1-18 PTB calf prosthesis

Fig. 12-1-19 PTES calf prosthesis

Fig. 12-1-20KBM calf prosthesis

(1)Conventional calf prosthesis:It is made of two lateral stubs, which are connected to the thigh by hinges and thigh holstersThe anterior upper edge of the receiving chamber, which only covers the tibial tuberosity; the medial-lateral upper edge, which reaches the knee joint gap; and the posterior upper edge, which is slightly trimmed off.(2)Patellar ligament-bearing calf prosthesis (patellertendonbearing, PTB) :The prosthesis is fixed to the thigh with a suprapatellar annular band with the anterior edge of the receiving cavity at the height of the mid-iliac bone, and the bearing plane is at the level of the center of the patellar ligament; the medial-lateral edge reaches the upper end of the patella; the posterior edge is partially trimmed off to prevent compression of the popliteal tendon when the knee is flexed.(3)PTES calf prosthesis (prothesetibileaemboiatageupraconcylien): this type of The receiving cavity completely accommodates the patella and the medial and lateral femoral condyle parts, so it is able to drive the calf prosthesis(4)KBM calf prosthesis (kondylen-belatungs-munster):In this type of receiving cavity, the anterior upper edge equivalent to the anterior patella has been removed, and the inner and outer sidewalls are in close proximity with the medial and lateral femoral condyles, and the suspension fulcrum of the prosthesis is located above the medial and lateral condyles(5) The foot is essentially the same as that of the thigh prosthesis (Fig. 12-1-21)

Fig. 12-1-21 Various ankle joints and prosthetic feet

a uniaxial foot, type 1a; b multiaxial foot, type 2a; c type 3b; dSACH foot, type 2b; eSAFE foot, type 3b