Main components of constructed wetlands

Constructed wetland is a sewage treatment process developed in 1970s, which simulates and strengthens the natural wetland system. Generally, it is composed of soil (or artificial fillers, such as sand and gravel) and aquatic plants (such as reeds) growing on it, which is a unique soil-plant-microorganism ecosystem.

The basic composition of constructed wetland is composed of water, substrate, plants and microorganisms. Among them, aquatic plants are the most important part of constructed wetlands and play an important role in the purification system of constructed wetlands. Constructed wetland can strengthen the cycle of plant nutrients in wastewater, reuse pollutants such as organic matter, nitrogen and phosphorus in wastewater in the form of crops and green spaces, improve regional climate and promote a virtuous cycle of ecological environment.